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Ng TK, Cao Y, Yuan XL, Chen S, Xu Y, Chen SL, Zheng Y, Chen H. Whole exome sequencing analysis identifies novel Stargardt disease-related gene mutations in Chinese Stargardt disease and retinitis pigmentosa patients. Eye (Lond) 2022; 36:749-759. [PMID: 33846575 PMCID: PMC8956586 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-021-01525-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To delineate the disease-causing mutations of the Stargardt disease-related genes in Chinese patients diagnosed with Stargardt disease or retinitis pigmentosa (RP) by whole exome sequencing analysis. METHODS A total of 123 sporadic RP or Stargardt disease patients and 2 Stargardt disease families were recruited. All sporadic patients and the probands of the families were subjected to whole exome sequencing analysis. The candidate mutations were verified by direct sequencing based on the cosegregation pattern and in 200 control subjects and by the bioinformatics analyses. RESULTS A total of three reported ABCA4 mutations were identified in the probands of the two Stargardt disease families. The probands and the affected family members with either homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations showed typical Stargardt disease features, which was absent in their unaffected family members. The cosegregation pattern confirmed the mode of recessive inheritance. Moreover, two sporadic Stargardt disease patients were identified to carry two novel ABCA4 and one PROM1 mutations. In addition, 13 novel variants were found in 119 sporadic RP patients in 7 Stargardt disease-related genes, and 8 novel missense variants were conserved across different species and predicted to be damaging to the protein. All 15 novel variants were absent in our 200 control subjects. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed 22.4% study subjects carrying Stargardt disease-related gene mutations with total 15 novel variants in seven Stargardt disease-related genes, assuring that targeted next-generation sequencing analysis is a high throughput strategy to facilitate the clinical diagnosis from suspicious patients and recommended as a routine examination for inherited retinal dystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsz Kin Ng
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yingjie Cao
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiang-Ling Yuan
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaowan Chen
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanxuan Xu
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shao-Lang Chen
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuqian Zheng
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haoyu Chen
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong, China
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Al Zubi K, Mwafi N, Alrawashdeh HM, Al Sarireh F, Somkuwar A, Abdulmannan DM. The first reported case of CDH3-related hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy from Jordan: a case report. Ophthalmic Genet 2022; 43:420-424. [PMID: 35038959 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2022.2028298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathogenic variants in the Cadherin 3 (CDH3) gene are responsible for the occurrence of Hypotrichosis with Juvenile Macular Dystrophy (HJMD) and Ectodermal Dysplasia, Ectrodactyly and Macular Dystrophy Syndrome (EEMS), both of which are rare autosomal recessive disorders characterized by hypotrichosis and progressive macular dystrophy. The CDH3 gene encodes for P-cadherin, a calcium-binding protein that is essential for cell-cell adhesion, which is expressed in the retinal pigment epithelial cells and hair follicles. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fundus examination of both eyes was done in addition to clinical investigation. Genomic DNA was extracted from a whole-blood sample and whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify the underlying etiology.All identified variants were evaluated for their pathogenicity and causality. RESULTS We present the first case of HJMD in a 23-year-old female patient from Jordan. The patient presented to our ophthalmology clinic with poor vision in both eyes. Gross examination revealed sparse scalp hair along with macular dystrophy on fundus exam in both eyes. HJMD was suspected and whole-exome sequencing (WES) confirmed the diagnosis with the identification of a homozygous frameshift deletion (p.Gly277AlafsTer20) localised in exon 7 of the CDH3 gene. CONCLUSION Blindness due to progressive macular degeneration is a common manifestation in numerous syndromic recessive disorders such as HJMD. Ophthalmologists should consider the importance of systemic manifestations and genetic testing for the confirmation of diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Al Zubi
- Special Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Al-karak, Jordan
| | - Nesrin Mwafi
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Al-karak, Jordan
| | | | - Fawaz Al Sarireh
- Special Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Al-karak, Jordan
| | - Areej Somkuwar
- Ophthalmology Department, Al-Karak Governmental Hospital, Al-karak, Jordan
| | - Dina M Abdulmannan
- Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Alqura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Yusuf IH, Garrett A, MacLaren RE, Issa PC. Retinal cadherins and the retinal cadherinopathies: Current concepts and future directions. Prog Retin Eye Res 2022; 90:101038. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2021.101038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Carnovale-Scalzo G, Carnevali A, Piccoli G, Ceravolo D, Bruzzichessi D, Iuliano R, Tallerico R, Gatti V, Giannaccare G, Scorcia V. Multimodal imaging of Hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy: a case report. BMC Ophthalmol 2021; 21:284. [PMID: 34301208 PMCID: PMC8299653 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-021-02037-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To report the first Italian case of hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy complicated by macular neovascularization diagnosed through multimodal imaging. CASE PRESENTATION An 11-year-old boy was referred to our Institution for bilateral maculopathy of unknown origin. Multimodal imaging helps the diagnosis of Juvenile Macular Dystrophy with Hypotrichosis (HJMD). Fundus examination showed several alterations of the retinal pigment epithelium and circular pigmented area of chorioretinal atrophy. Structural spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed some backscattering phenomenon with several alterations of retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptor layer in both eyes. Moreover, OCT showed hyperreflective lesion beneath the neuroepithelium in left eye. OCT angiography (OCT-A) revealed a pathologic neovascular network in choriocapillaris plexus, probably the result of a fibrovascular membrane. Multifocal electroretinograms (MfERGs) showed functional alterations in 12.22° of the central retina. In order to confirm the suspicion of HJMD, the child and both parents underwent genetic testing. Both parents resulted to be heterozygous healthy carriers of a single variation. CONCLUSION Multimodal imaging, in particular OCT-A, is a useful aid, along to clinical findings and genetics, for the diagnosis of inherited retinal dystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Carnovale-Scalzo
- Department of Ophthalmology, University "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Adriano Carnevali
- Department of Ophthalmology, University "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Piccoli
- Department of Ophthalmology, University "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Ceravolo
- Department of Ophthalmology, University "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Donatella Bruzzichessi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Iuliano
- Medical Genetics Unit, Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department, University of "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rossana Tallerico
- Medical Genetics Unit, Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department, University of "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valentina Gatti
- Department of Ophthalmology, University "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giannaccare
- Department of Ophthalmology, University "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Scorcia
- Department of Ophthalmology, University "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, Catanzaro, Italy
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PHENOTYPE-GUIDED GENETIC TESTING OF PEDIATRIC INHERITED RETINAL DISEASE IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES. Retina 2021; 40:1829-1837. [PMID: 31725702 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000002675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inherited retinal disease is relatively common in the Arabian Gulf, but details regarding pediatric inherited retinal disease in the region are lacking. The purpose of this study is to report the experience of a regional Ocular Genetics Service with childhood-onset inherited retinal disease in the United Arab Emirates. METHODS Retrospective series of consecutive Emirati patients referred to the Ocular Genetics Service of Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi over a 3-year period (2016-2018) who were diagnosed with childhood-onset inherited retinal disease (onset before 16 years old) and underwent diagnostic genetic testing guided by clinical phenotype (single gene, next-generation panel, or exome sequencing). RESULTS Seventy-one probands were identified (38 male and 33 females), the majority of whom were symptomatic with visual problems within the first 5 years of life. All patients had disease causing mutations in 1 of 26 retinal disease genes. Recessive disease was frequently due to homozygous mutations. The most frequently mutated genes (and number of probands) were ABCA4 (14), KCNV2 (8), CRB1 (6), and CNGA3 (5). Recurrent specific gene mutations included ABCA4 p.Gly1961Glu/p.Leu857Pro, KCNV2 p.Glu143*, MERTK p.Cys738Trpfs*32, and RS1 c.52+3A>G. Some probands had mutations in syndromic genes and were confirmed to have extraocular findings. CONCLUSION Phenotype-guided genetic testing had a remarkable yield for this patient population. Recessive disease is often from homozygous mutations. Cone-dominated phenotypes are common. There are apparent founder mutations for several genes that could be used in a targeted genetic testing strategy. Molecular diagnosis is particularly important in affected children when inherited retinal dystrophy could be a sign of syndromic disease as proper earlier diagnosis minimizes potential extraocular morbidity.
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Saeidian AH, Vahidnezhad H, Youssefian L, Sotudeh S, Sargazi M, Zeinali S, Uitto J. Hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy: Combination of whole-genome sequencing and genome-wide homozygosity mapping identifies a large deletion in CDH3 initially undetected by whole-exome sequencing-A lesson from next-generation sequencing. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e975. [PMID: 31560841 PMCID: PMC6825862 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy (HJMD) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by abnormal growth of scalp hair and juvenile macular degeneration leading to blindness. We have explored the genetic basis of HJMD in a large consanguineous family with 12 affected patients, 1-76 years of age, with characteristic phenotypes. METHODS We first applied genome-wide homozygosity mapping to 10 affected individuals for linkage analysis to identify the genomic region of the defective gene. All affected individuals shared a 7.2 Mb region of homozygosity on chromosome 16q21-22.3, which harbored 298 genes, including CDH3, previously associated with HJMD. However, whole-exome sequencing (WES) failed to identify the causative mutation in CDH3. RESULTS Further investigation revealed a missense variant in a gene closely linked to CDH3 (1.4 Mb distance: FHOD1: c.1306A>G, p.Arg436Gly). This variant was homozygous in all affected individuals and heterozygous in 18 out of 19 obligate carriers. While this variant was found by bioinformatics predictions to be likely pathogenic, a knock-in mouse for this variant, made by the CRISPR/Cas, showed no disease phenotype. However, using whole-genome sequencing (WGS), we were able to identify a novel Alu recombination-mediated deletion in CDH3:c.del161-811_246 + 1,044. CONCLUSION WGS was able to identify a deep intronic deletion mutation, not detected by WES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Saeidian
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, and Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Genetics, Genomics and Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hassan Vahidnezhad
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, and Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Biotechnology Research Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Youssefian
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, and Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Genetics, Genomics and Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Sotudeh
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Medical Center, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meisam Sargazi
- Alzahra Eye Hospital Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Sirous Zeinali
- Biotechnology Research Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Kawsar Human Genetics Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jouni Uitto
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, and Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Ahmed A, Almohanna H, Griggs J, Tosti A. Genetic Hair Disorders: A Review. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2019; 9:421-448. [PMID: 31332722 PMCID: PMC6704196 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-019-0313-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hair loss in early childhood represents a broad differential diagnosis which can be a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for a physician. It is important to consider the diagnosis of a genetic hair disorder. Genetic hair disorders are a large group of inherited disorders, many of which are rare. Genetic hair abnormalities in children can be an isolated phenomenon or part of genetic syndromes. Hair changes may be a significant finding or even the initial presentation of a syndrome giving a clue to the diagnosis, such as Netherton syndrome and trichothiodystrophy. Detailed history including family history and physical examination of hair and other ectodermal structures such as nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands with the use of dermoscopic devices and biopsy all provide important clues to establish the correct diagnosis. Understanding the pathophysiology of genetic hair defects will allow for better comprehension of their treatment and prognosis. For example, in patients with an isolated hair defect, the main problem is aesthetic. In contrast, when the hair defect is associated with a syndrome, the prognosis will depend mainly on the associated condition. Treatment of many genetic hair disorders is focused on treating the primary cause and minimizing trauma to the hair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azhar Ahmed
- Department of Dermatology, King Fahad General Hospital, Medina, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami Hospital, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Hind Almohanna
- Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jacob Griggs
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Antonella Tosti
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
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Nasser F, Mulahasanovic L, Alkhateeb M, Biskup S, Stingl K, Zrenner E. Hypotrichosis with cone-rod dystrophy in a patient with cadherin 3 (CDH3) mutation. Doc Ophthalmol 2019; 138:153-160. [PMID: 30710256 DOI: 10.1007/s10633-019-09675-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate a very rare case of hypotrichosis with cone-rod dystrophy caused by a P-cadherin CDH3 mutation. METHODS A 16-year-old Syrian girl was examined at age 9 and 14 years with an ophthalmological examination, fundus imaging, OCT and electrophysiological recordings (ERG and PERG). A disease-targeted gene panel sequencing was performed. RESULTS Fundus images showed pigmentations at the posterior eye pole to the mid periphery, as well as vessel tortuosity. OCT images revealed a loss of the outer retinal segments and IS/OS in the central macula. The scotopic and photopic ERGs showed moderately reduced amplitudes at age 9 years that became severely reduced at age of 14 years. The PERG was undetectable at age 9 years. In color vision testing, protan-deutan confusion errors occurred. Gene panel analysis revealed one homozygous mutation in CDH3 (c.1508G>A; p.Arg503His). CONCLUSION This case shows that a CDH3 mutation besides macula dystrophy can cause widespread cone-rod dystrophy with hypotrichosis without any other pathology besides hypoplastic nails. This points to a common pathway of hair growth and photoreceptor development that can be disturbed by a CDH3 mutation (c.1508G>A; p.Arg503His) located in the EC4 repeat region of the gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Nasser
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tuebingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn Strasse 7, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - L Mulahasanovic
- Praxis for Human Genetics, Tübingen, Germany.,CeGaT GmbH, Tübingen, Germany
| | - M Alkhateeb
- Eye and Ear Specialty Hospital, Damascus, Syria
| | - S Biskup
- Praxis for Human Genetics, Tübingen, Germany.,CeGaT GmbH, Tübingen, Germany
| | - K Stingl
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tuebingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn Strasse 7, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - E Zrenner
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tuebingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn Strasse 7, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Werner Reichardt Center for Integrative Neuroscience (CIN), University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Almeida FT, Carneiro-Freitas R, Caldas R, Vieira AP. Hypotrichosis with Juvenile Macular Dystrophy. Int J Trichology 2018; 10:234-236. [PMID: 30607044 PMCID: PMC6290288 DOI: 10.4103/ijt.ijt_60_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy is a rare autosomal recessive disease, characterized by hypotrichosis and progressive macular degeneration, leading to blindness in the first three decades of life. It is associated with mutations in the cadherin 3 gene, resulting in the abnormal expression of P-cadherin. We report a case of a 4-year-old female patient diagnosed with this genodermatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Regina Caldas
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Vieira
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
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CDH3 gene related hypotrichosis and juvenile macular dystrophy - A case with a novel mutation. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2017; 7:129-133. [PMID: 29260097 PMCID: PMC5722150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose CDH3-related hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy (HJMD) is an autosomal-recessive entity characterized by congenital sparse scalp hair and macular dystrophy, leading to severe central visual loss. We report a family with HJMD caused by a novel CDH3 gene mutation and review the mutation spectrum in HJMD. A detailed phenotypic assessment for patients whose molecular results were reported previously is also summarized. Observations We present a 13-year-old Turkish girl who experienced gradual bilateral visual deterioration with marked hair loss. Hair-pull test results and scalp skin texture were normal. The eyebrows and eyelashes were normal, and no abnormality in the teeth, nails, or limbs was detected. Fundus examination revealed bilateral ring-shaped atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium with patchy intraretinal pigment clumping at the posterior pole. DNA sequencing analysis detected a novel homozygous deletion (c.447_467del (p.149_156del)) in exon 5 of the CDH3 gene of the patient. Both healthy parents and an older brother were heterozygous for the mutation. Conclusions and importance This case of HJMD was related to a novel homozygous mutation, termed c.447_467del (p.149_156del). These findings have significance for the future mutational analysis and genetic counseling of families with HJMD, particularly in our region. The presence of sparse hair in childhood, with or without limb anomalies, should alert clinicians to request an eye consultation. Pediatricians, dermatologists, and ophthalmologists should be aware of the rarely seen entity of juvenile macular dystrophy with hypotrichosis.
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Blanco-Kelly F, Rodrigues-Jacy da Silva L, Sanchez-Navarro I, Riveiro-Alvarez R, Lopez-Martinez MA, Corton M, Ayuso C. New CDH3 mutation in the first Spanish case of hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy, a case report. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 18:1. [PMID: 28061825 PMCID: PMC5219735 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-016-0364-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background CDH3 on 16q22.1 is responsible for two rare autosomal recessive disorders with hypotrichosis and progressive macular dystrophy: Hypotrichosis with Juvenile Macular Dystrophy and Ectodermal Dysplasia, Ectrodactyly and Macular Dystrophy. We present a new case of Hypotrichosis with Juvenile Macular Dystrophy. Case presentation A Spanish male born in 1998 from non-consanguineous healthy parents with a suspected diagnosis of Keratosis Follicularis Spinulosa Decalvans and Retinitis Pigmentosa Inversa referred to our Genetics Department (IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz). Molecular study of ABCA4 was performed, and a heterozygous missense p.Val2050Leu variant in ABCA4 was found. Clinical revision reclassified this patient as Hypotrichosis with Juvenile Macular Dystrophy. Therefore, further CDH3 sequencing was performed showing a novel maternal missense change p.Val205Met (probably pathogenic by in silico analysis), and a previously reported paternal frameshift c.830del;p.Gly277Alafs*20, thus supporting the clinical diagnosis.. Conclusions This is not only the first Spanish case with this clinical and molecular diagnosis, but a new mutation has been described in CDH3. Moreover, this work reflects the importance of joint assessment of clinical signs and evaluation of pedigree for a correct genetic study approach and diagnostic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Blanco-Kelly
- Department of Medical Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto Carlos IIII (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luciana Rodrigues-Jacy da Silva
- Department of Medical Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Iker Sanchez-Navarro
- Department of Medical Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Riveiro-Alvarez
- Department of Medical Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto Carlos IIII (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Lopez-Martinez
- Department of Medical Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Corton
- Department of Medical Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto Carlos IIII (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Ayuso
- Department of Medical Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain. .,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto Carlos IIII (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. .,Department of Genomics and Genetics, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Av. Reyes Católicos n° 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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