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Domfeh SA, Kyeremeh G, Belifini M. Evaluation of Anti- Candida albicans Activities of Herbal Preparations Sold at the Kumasi Central Market in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:6162532. [PMID: 37082250 PMCID: PMC10113043 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6162532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Candida albicans (C. albicans) is predominantly the leading cause of candidiasis among women with urogenital candidiasis. Since most people in resource-limited countries depend on herbal medicine for their primary care needs, many herbal drugs are sold to manage various infectious diseases. This study, therefore, evaluated the anti-C. albicans activities of five selected herbal preparations indicated for treating candidiasis sold at the Kumasi Central Market in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. The market was divided into five clusters, and one herbal preparation was randomly selected from each cluster. Using the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility test, the herbal preparations were tested against clinically isolated C. albicans. Fluconazole, a standard antifungal drug, was included in the evaluation as a positive control. The experiments were performed on three different days and each in triplicates. Among the five selected herbal preparations, only one was effective against C. albicans with a mean inhibition zone of 19.1 mm. This effective herbal drug was prepared from Centella asiatica sap, Turnera microphylla leaves, and Vitex agnus-castus leaves. The results suggest that not all the herbal preparations selected were effective against C. albicans. Hence, we recommend that the authorities continually check the effectiveness of the herbal preparations on the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth A. Domfeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biosciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Garden City University College, Kenyasi-Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Godfred Kyeremeh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Garden City University College, Kenyasi-Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Mark Belifini
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Garden City University College, Kenyasi-Kumasi, Ghana
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Świątek Ł, Sieniawska E, Sinan KI, Zengin G, Uba AI, Bene K, Maciejewska-Turska M, Rajtar B, Polz-Dacewicz M, Aktumsek A. Bridging the Chemical Profiles and Biological Effects of Spathodea campanulata Extracts: A New Contribution on the Road from Natural Treasure to Pharmacy Shelves. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154694. [PMID: 35897865 PMCID: PMC9330408 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Spathodea campanulata is an important medicinal plant with traditional uses in the tropical zone. In the current work, we aimed to determine the chemical profiles and biological effects of extracts (methanolic and infusion (water)) from the leaves and stem bark of S. campanulata. The chemical components of the tested extracts were identified using LC-ESI-QTOF-MS. Biological effects were tested in terms of antioxidant (radical scavenging, reducing power, and metal chelating), enzyme inhibitory (cholinesterase, amylase, glucosidase, and tyrosinase), antineoplastic, and antiviral activities. Fifty-seven components were identified in the tested extracts, including iridoids, flavonoids, and phenolic acids as the main constituents. In general, the leaves-MeOH extract was the most active in the antioxidant assays (DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, FRAP, metal chelating, and phosphomolybdenum). Antineoplastic effects were tested in normal (VERO cell line) and cancer cell lines (FaDu, HeLa, and RKO). The leaf infusion, as well as the extracts obtained from stem bark, showed antineoplastic activity (CC50 119.03–222.07 µg/mL). Antiviral effects were tested against HHV-1 and CVB3, and the leaf methanolic extract (500 µg/mL) exerted antiviral activity towards HHV-1, inhibiting the viral-induced cytopathic effect and reducing the viral infectious titre by 5.11 log and viral load by 1.45 log. In addition, molecular docking was performed to understand the interactions between selected chemical components and viral targets (HSV-1 DNA polymerase, HSV-1 protease, and HSV-1 thymidine kinase). The results presented suggest that S. campanulata may be a bright spot in moving from natural sources to industrial applications, including novel drugs, cosmeceuticals, and nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Świątek
- Department of Virology with SARS Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (B.R.); (M.P.-D.)
- Correspondence: (Ł.Ś.); (G.Z.)
| | - Elwira Sieniawska
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey; (K.I.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey; (K.I.S.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence: (Ł.Ś.); (G.Z.)
| | - Abdullahi Ibrahim Uba
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Kadir Has University, Istanbul 34083, Turkey;
| | - Kouadio Bene
- Laboratoire de Botanique et Phytothérapie, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Sciences de la Nature, Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan 00225, Côte d’Ivoire;
| | | | - Barbara Rajtar
- Department of Virology with SARS Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (B.R.); (M.P.-D.)
| | - Małgorzata Polz-Dacewicz
- Department of Virology with SARS Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (B.R.); (M.P.-D.)
| | - Abdurrahman Aktumsek
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey; (K.I.S.); (A.A.)
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Cuenca-León K, Pacheco-Quito EM, Granda-Granda Y, Vélez-León E, Zarzuelo-Castañeda A. Phytotherapy: A Solution to Decrease Antifungal Resistance in the Dental Field. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060789. [PMID: 35740914 PMCID: PMC9220786 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathologies produced by fungi in the oral cavity in recent decades have become a health problem, with factors such as an imbalance of the local microbiota being the cause for their propagation. Conventional antifungal treatments, instead of being beneficial, have generated alterations that have led to antifungal resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate and describe phytotherapy resources as a possible solution to oral antifungal resistance. A bibliographic search was carried out on platforms such as PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Google scholar. A total of 248 scientific articles were obtained, of which 108 met the inclusion criteria. Microorganisms of fungal origin currently show resistance to the different antifungals of conventional use, which is undoubtedly altering the oral health of human beings, but there are new therapeutic possibilities such as the active principles of various natural species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Cuenca-León
- Academic Unit of Health and Wellness, Faculty of Dentistry, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010105, Ecuador; (E.-M.P.-Q.); (Y.G.-G.); (E.V.-L.)
- Research Group: Innovation and Pharmaceutical Development in Dentistry Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Head of Research and Innovation, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010105, Ecuador
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| | - Edisson-Mauricio Pacheco-Quito
- Academic Unit of Health and Wellness, Faculty of Dentistry, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010105, Ecuador; (E.-M.P.-Q.); (Y.G.-G.); (E.V.-L.)
- Research Group: Innovation and Pharmaceutical Development in Dentistry Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Head of Research and Innovation, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010105, Ecuador
| | - Yanela Granda-Granda
- Academic Unit of Health and Wellness, Faculty of Dentistry, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010105, Ecuador; (E.-M.P.-Q.); (Y.G.-G.); (E.V.-L.)
| | - Eleonor Vélez-León
- Academic Unit of Health and Wellness, Faculty of Dentistry, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010105, Ecuador; (E.-M.P.-Q.); (Y.G.-G.); (E.V.-L.)
- Research Group: Innovation and Pharmaceutical Development in Dentistry Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Head of Research and Innovation, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010105, Ecuador
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Reproducibility challenges in the search for antibacterial compounds from nature. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255437. [PMID: 34324599 PMCID: PMC8321225 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reproducibility of reported antibacterial activities of plant extracts has long remained questionable. Although plant-related factors should be well considered in serious pharmacognostic research, they are often not addressed in many research papers. Here we highlight the challenges in reproducing antibacterial activities of plant extracts. Methods Plants with reported antibacterial activities of interest were obtained from a literature review. Antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were tested using extracts’ solutions in 10% DMSO and acetone. Compositions of working solutions from both solvents were established using LC-MS analysis. Moreover, the availability of details likely to affect reproducibility was evaluated in articles which reported antibacterial activities of studied plants. Results Inhibition of bacterial growth at MIC of 256–1024 μg/mL was observed in only 15.4% of identical plant species. These values were 4–16-fold higher than those reported earlier. Further, 18.2% of related plant species had MICs of 128–256 μg/mL. Besides, 29.2% and 95.8% of the extracts were soluble to sparingly soluble in 10% DMSO and acetone, respectively. Extracts’ solutions in both solvents showed similar qualitative compositions, with differing quantities of corresponding phytochemicals. Details regarding seasons and growth state at collection were missing in 65% and 95% of evaluated articles, respectively. Likewise, solvents used to dissolve the extracts were lacking in 30% of the articles, whereas 40% of them used unidentified bacterial isolates. Conclusion Reproducibility of previously reported activities from plants’ extracts is a multi-factorial aspect. Thus, collective approaches are necessary in addressing the highlighted challenges.
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Potential Role of Plant Extracts and Phytochemicals Against Foodborne Pathogens. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10134597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Foodborne diseases are one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality, especially in low-income countries with poor sanitation and inadequate healthcare facilities. The foremost bacterial pathogens responsible for global outbreaks include Salmonella species, Campylobacter jejuni, Escherichia coli, Shigella sp., Vibrio, Listeria monocytogenes and Clostridium botulinum. Among the viral and parasitic pathogens, norovirus, hepatitis A virus, Giardia lamblia, Trichinella spiralis, Toxoplasma and Entamoeba histolytica are commonly associated with foodborne diseases. The toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Clostridium perfringens also cause these infections. The currently available therapies for these infections are associated with various limited efficacy, high cost and side-effects. There is an urgent need for effective alternative therapies for the prevention and treatment of foodborne diseases. Several plant extracts and phytochemicals were found to be highly effective to control the growth of these pathogens causing foodborne infections in in vitro systems. The present review attempts to provide comprehensive scientific information on major foodborne pathogens and the potential role of phytochemicals in the prevention and treatment of these infections. Further detailed studies are necessary to evaluate the activities of these extracts and phytochemicals along with their mechanism of action using in vivo models.
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Ngnameko CR, Marchetti L, Zambelli B, Quotadamo A, Roncarati D, Bertelli D, Njayou FN, Smith SI, Moundipa PF, Costi MP, Pellati F. New Insights into Bioactive Compounds from the Medicinal Plant Spathodea campanulata P. Beauv. and Their Activity against Helicobacter pylori. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9050258. [PMID: 32429263 PMCID: PMC7277392 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9050258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The medicinal plant Spathodea campanulata P. Beauv. (Bignoniaceae) has been traditionally applied for the prevention and treatment of diseases of the kidney and urinary system, the skin, the gastrointestinal tract, and inflammation in general. The present work shows for the first time how chemical components from this plant inhibit Helicobacter pylori growth by urease inhibition and modulation of virulence factors. The crude extract and the main fractions of S. campanulata bark were tested on H. pylori isolated strains and the active ones were further fractionated. Fractions and sub-fractions of the plant crude extract were characterized by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatographic tandem high resolution-mass spectrometry detection (UHPLC-HRMS). Several phenolics and triterpenoids were identified. Among the sub-fractions obtained, SB2 showed the capacity to inhibit H. pylori urease in a heterologous bacterial model. One additional sub-fraction (SE3) was able to simultaneously modulate the expression of two adhesins (HopZ and BabA) and one cytotoxin (CagA). The flavonol kaempferol was identified as the most interesting compound that deserves further investigation as a new hit for its capacity to modulate H. pylori virulence factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Raïssa Ngnameko
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (C.R.N.); (L.M.); (A.Q.); (D.B.); (M.P.C.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Yaounde I, P. Box 812 Yaounde, Cameroon;
| | - Lucia Marchetti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (C.R.N.); (L.M.); (A.Q.); (D.B.); (M.P.C.)
- Doctorate School in Clinical and Experimental Medicine (CEM), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Barbara Zambelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (B.Z.); (D.R.)
| | - Antonio Quotadamo
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (C.R.N.); (L.M.); (A.Q.); (D.B.); (M.P.C.)
- Doctorate School in Clinical and Experimental Medicine (CEM), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Davide Roncarati
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (B.Z.); (D.R.)
| | - Davide Bertelli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (C.R.N.); (L.M.); (A.Q.); (D.B.); (M.P.C.)
| | - Frederic Nico Njayou
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Yaounde I, P. Box 812 Yaounde, Cameroon;
| | - Stella I. Smith
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, PMB 2013, Yaba, Lagos 100001, Nigeria;
| | - Paul F. Moundipa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Yaounde I, P. Box 812 Yaounde, Cameroon;
- Correspondence: (P.F.M.); (F.P.); Tel.: +237-222-314-527 (P.F.M.); +39-059-2058565 (F.P.)
| | - Maria Paola Costi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (C.R.N.); (L.M.); (A.Q.); (D.B.); (M.P.C.)
| | - Federica Pellati
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (C.R.N.); (L.M.); (A.Q.); (D.B.); (M.P.C.)
- Correspondence: (P.F.M.); (F.P.); Tel.: +237-222-314-527 (P.F.M.); +39-059-2058565 (F.P.)
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Wang Y, Yuan X, Li Y, Zhang J. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Spathodea campanulata. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2019; 4:3469-3470. [PMID: 33366043 PMCID: PMC7707184 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1674710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The first complete chloroplast genome (cpDNA) sequence of Spathodea campanulata was determined from Illumina HiSeq pair-end sequencing data in this study. The cpDNA is 158,001 bp in length, contains a large single-copy region (LSC) of 84,923 bp and a small single-copy region (SSC) of 12,566 bp, which were separated by a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions of 30,256 bp. The genome contains 131 genes, including 86 protein-coding genes, 8 ribosomal RNA genes, and 37 transfer RNA genes. The overall GC content of the whole genome is 37.8% and the corresponding values of the LSC, SSC, and IR regions are 35.9, 32.6, and 41.7%, respectively. Further, phylogenomic analysis showed that S. campanulata clustered in a unique clade in family Bignoniaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Laboratory of Forest Plant Cultivation and Utilization, Yunnan Academy of Forestry, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Yuan
- Laboratory of Forest Plant Cultivation and Utilization, Yunnan Academy of Forestry, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunqing Li
- Laboratory of Forest Plant Cultivation and Utilization, Yunnan Academy of Forestry, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- Laboratory of Forest Plant Cultivation and Utilization, Yunnan Academy of Forestry, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
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Wu C, Wu HT, Wang Q, Wang GH, Yi X, Chen YP, Zhou GX. Anticandidal Potential of Stem Bark Extract from Schima superba and the Identification of Its Major Anticandidal Compound. Molecules 2019; 24:E1587. [PMID: 31013655 PMCID: PMC6515076 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived extracts are a promising source of new drugs. Schima superba is traditionally used in China for heat clearing, detoxification, and treatment of furuncles. In this study, the anticandidal properties and mechanism of action of S. superba (SSE) were explored using a stem bark extract. SSE possessed high polyphenol and saponin contents of 256.6 ± 5.1 and 357.8 ± 31.5 µg/mg, respectively. A clear inhibition zone was observed for C. albicans growth through the disc diffusion method and the 50% inhibition of C. albicans by SSE was 415.2 µg/mL. Transcriptomic analysis in C. albicans treated with different doses of SSE was conducted through RNA-seq. Average values of 6068 genes and 20,842,500 clean reads were identified from each sample. Among these samples, 1680 and 1956 genes were differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the SSE treatments of 0.2 and 0.4 mg/mL, respectively. C. albicans growth was inhibited by the changes in gene expression associated with the cell wall and membrane composition including the regulation of chitin degradation and ergosterol biosynthesis. This result could be reflected in the irregularly wrinkled morphology of the ruptured cell as revealed through SEM analysis. ESI-MS and NMR analyses revealed that the major compound purified from SSE was sasanquasaponin III and the 50% inhibition of C. albicans was 93.1 µg/mL. In summary, the traditional Chinese medicine S. superba can be applied as an anticandidal agent in complementary and alternative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Wu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Bio-engineering, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China.
- Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine, Fujian Province University, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China.
| | - Hong-Tan Wu
- Department of Medical Technology, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China.
- Application Technique Engineering Center of Natural Cosmeceuticals, College of Fujian Province, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China.
| | - Qing Wang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Bio-engineering, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China.
| | - Guey-Horng Wang
- Department of Medical Technology, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China.
- Application Technique Engineering Center of Natural Cosmeceuticals, College of Fujian Province, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China.
| | - Xue Yi
- Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine, Fujian Province University, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China.
| | - Yu-Pei Chen
- Department of Medical Technology, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China.
- Application Technique Engineering Center of Natural Cosmeceuticals, College of Fujian Province, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China.
| | - Guang-Xiong Zhou
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Vengoji R, Macha MA, Batra SK, Shonka NA. Natural products: a hope for glioblastoma patients. Oncotarget 2018; 9:22194-22219. [PMID: 29774132 PMCID: PMC5955138 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive malignant tumors with an overall dismal survival averaging one year despite multimodality therapeutic interventions including surgery, radiotherapy and concomitant and adjuvant chemotherapy. Few drugs are FDA approved for GBM, and the addition of temozolomide (TMZ) to standard therapy increases the median survival by only 2.5 months. Targeted therapy appeared promising in in vitro monolayer cultures, but disappointed in preclinical and clinical trials, partly due to the poor penetration of drugs through the blood brain barrier (BBB). Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have intrinsic resistance to initial chemoradiation therapy (CRT) and acquire further resistance via deregulation of many signaling pathways. Due to the failure of classical chemotherapies and targeted drugs, research efforts focusing on the use of less toxic agents have increased. Interestingly, multiple natural compounds have shown antitumor and apoptotic effects in TMZ resistant and p53 mutant GBM cell lines and also displayed synergistic effects with TMZ. In this review, we have summarized the current literature on natural products or product analogs used to modulate the BBB permeability, induce cell death, eradicate CSCs and sensitize GBM to CRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghupathy Vengoji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Muzafar A. Macha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Surinder K. Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Nicole A. Shonka
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology and Hematology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
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Mbosso Teinkela JE, Siwe Noundou X, Nguemfo EL, Meyer F, Wintjens R, Isaacs M, Mpondo Mpondo AE, Hoppe HC, Krause RWM, Azebaze AGB. Biological activities of plant extracts from Ficus elastica and Selaginella vogelli: An antimalarial, antitrypanosomal and cytotoxity evaluation. Saudi J Biol Sci 2017; 25:117-122. [PMID: 29379367 PMCID: PMC5775106 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytotoxic, antiplasmodial, and antitrypanosomal activities of two medicinal plants traditionally used in Cameroon were evaluated. Wood of Ficus elastica Roxb. ex Hornem. aerial roots (Moraceae) and Selaginella vogelii Spring (Selaginellaceae) leaves were collected from two different sites in Cameroon. In vitro cell-growth inhibition activities were assessed on methanol extract of plant materials against Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7 and Trypanosoma brucei brucei, as well as against HeLa human cervical carcinoma cells. Criteria for activity were an IC50 value < 10 μg/mL. The extract of S. vogelii did not significantly reduce the viability of P. falciparum at a concentration of 25 μg/mL but dramatically affected the trypanosome growth with an IC50 of 2.4 μg/mL. In contrast, at the same concentration, the extract of F. elastica exhibited plasmodiacidal activity (IC50 value of 9.5 μg/mL) and trypanocidal (IC50 value of 0.9 μg/mL) activity. Both extracts presented low cytotoxic effects on HeLa cancer cell line. These results indicate that the selected medicinal plants could be further investigated for identifying compounds that may be responsible for the observed activities and that may represent new leads in parasitical drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Emmanuel Mbosso Teinkela
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences Pharmaceutiques (FMSP), Université de Douala, BP 2701 Douala, Cameroon.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, P.O. Box. 24157, Douala, Cameroon.,Laboratory of Biopolymers and Supramolecular Nanomaterials, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Plaine (CP 206/4), Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xavier Siwe Noundou
- Nanomaterials and Medicinal Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Edwige Laure Nguemfo
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences Pharmaceutiques (FMSP), Université de Douala, BP 2701 Douala, Cameroon
| | - Franck Meyer
- Laboratory of Biopolymers and Supramolecular Nanomaterials, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Plaine (CP 206/4), Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rene Wintjens
- Laboratory of Biopolymers and Supramolecular Nanomaterials, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Plaine (CP 206/4), Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michelle Isaacs
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Albert Emmanuel Mpondo Mpondo
- Département de Pharmacie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences Pharmaceutiques (FMSP), Université de Douala, BP 2701 Douala, Cameroon
| | - Heinrich C Hoppe
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Rui Werner Maçedo Krause
- Nanomaterials and Medicinal Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
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Soliman S, Alnajdy D, El-Keblawy AA, Mosa KA, Khoder G, Noreddin AM. Plants' Natural Products as Alternative Promising Anti- Candida Drugs. Pharmacogn Rev 2017; 11:104-122. [PMID: 28989245 PMCID: PMC5628516 DOI: 10.4103/phrev.phrev_8_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida is a serious life-threatening pathogen, particularly with immunocompromised patients. Candida infections are considered as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in a broad range of immunocompromised patients. Candida infections are common in hospitalized patients and elderly people. The difficulty to eradicate Candida infections is owing to its unique switch between yeast and hyphae forms and more likely to biofilm formations that render resistance to antifungal therapy. Plants are known sources of natural medicines. Several plants show significant anti-Candida activities and some of them have lower minimum inhibitory concentration, making them promising candidates for anti-Candida therapy. However, none of these plant products is marketed for anti-Candida therapy because of lack of sufficient information about their efficacy, toxicity, and kinetics. This review revises major plants that have been tested for anti-Candida activities with recommendations for further use of some of these plants for more investigation and in vivo testing including the use of nanostructure lipid system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Soliman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Dina Alnajdy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali A. El-Keblawy
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kareem A. Mosa
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghalia Khoder
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ayman M. Noreddin
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, California, USA
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Odonne G, Houël E, Bourdy G, Stien D. Treating leishmaniasis in Amazonia: A review of ethnomedicinal concepts and pharmaco-chemical analysis of traditional treatments to inspire modern phytotherapies. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 199:211-230. [PMID: 28131912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis are neglected tropical diseases that occur in all intertropical regions of the world. Amazonian populations have developed an abundant knowledge of the disease and its remedies. Therefore, we undertook to review traditional antileishmanial plants in Amazonia and have developed new tools to analyze this somewhat dispersed information. MATERIAL AND METHODS A literature review of traditional remedies for cutaneous/mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in the Amazon was conducted and the data obtained was used to calculate distribution indexes designed to highlight the most relevant uses in Amazonia. The cultural distribution index represents the distribution rate of a given taxon among different cultural groups and was calculated as the ratio of the number of groups using the taxon to the total number of groups cited. The geographical distribution index allowed us to quantify spatial distribution of a taxon's uses in Amazonia and was calculated geometrically by measuring the average distance between the points where uses have been reported and the barycenter of those points. The general distribution index was defined as an arithmetic combination of the previous two and provides information on both cultural and spatial criteria. RESULTS 475 use reports, concerning 291 botanical species belonging to 83 families have been gathered depicted from 29 sources. Uses concern 34 cultural groups. While the use of some taxa appears to be Pan-Amazonian, some others are clearly restricted to small geographical regions. Particular attention has been paid to the recipes and beliefs surrounding treatments. Topical application of the remedies dominated the other means of administration and this deserves particular attention as the main treatments against Neotropical leishmaniasis are painful systemic injections. The data set was analyzed using the previously defined distribution indexes and the most relevant taxa were further discussed from a phytochemical and pharmacological point of view. CONCLUSIONS The Amazonian biodiversity and cultural heritage host a fantastic amount of data whose systematic investigation should allow a better large-scale understanding of the dynamics of traditional therapies and the consequent discovery of therapeutic solutions for neglected diseases. Distribution indices are indeed powerful tools for emphasizing the most relevant treatments against a given disease and should be very useful in the meta-analysis of other regional pharmacopeia. This focus on renowned remedies that have not yet benefitted from extended laboratory studies, could stimulate future research on new treatments of natural origin for leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Odonne
- Laboratoire Ecologie, Evolution, Interactions des Systèmes Amazoniens (LEEISA), CNRS, Université de Guyane, IFREMER, 97300 Cayenne, France.
| | - Emeline Houël
- CNRS, UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, Cirad, INRA, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, 97300 Cayenne, France
| | | | - Didier Stien
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM), Observatoire Océanologique, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
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