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Nono Nono EC, Tsopmejio JP, Momeni J, Nkouam TF, Abdou JP, Choudhary MI, Nkengfack AE. A new flavone and a newly synthesized alkaloid from Lippia rugosa A. Chev (Verbenaceae). Nat Prod Res 2022:1-9. [PMID: 35289687 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2051706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The chemical investigation of the leaf extract of a Cameroonian medicinal plant, Lippia rugosa A Chev (Verbenaceae) led to the isolation of a new flavonoid derivative flavolippia (1), alongside eleven known compounds: 2,4-dimethylpyridin-3,5-diol (2), 5-hydroxy-6,7,4'-trimethoxylflavone (3), 5-hydroxy-3,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone (4), 7-hydroxy-5,6,4'-trimethoxyflavone (5), 3β-hydroxy-urs-12-en-3-ol (α-amyrin) (6), lupeol acetate (7), lup-20(29)-en-3β-ol (lupeol) (8), lup-20(29)-en-3β,28-diol (betulin) (9), fridelan-3-one (fridelan) (10), saccharose (11), cosanol (12). In addition, a new semi-synthetic alkaloid derivative named lippiamicin (13) was prepared from 2,4-dimethylpyridin-3,5-diol (2). Their structures were established on the basis of their spectroscopic data, as well as 1 D and 2 D NMR. Compounds 1-13 were evaluated for their antioxidant activities. The results obtained showed that compounds 2 and 12 were the most active with IC50 values of 0.145 ± 0.011 and 0.195 ± 0.017 µM/mL respectively (for DPPH•) and 0.241 ± 0.027 and 0.223 ± 0.024 µM/mL respectively (for FRAP) compared to butylated hydroxyltoluene used as positive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Carly Nono Nono
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Jean Paul Tsopmejio
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Jean Momeni
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Cameroon
| | - Tsopjio Francine Nkouam
- National Advanced School of Agro-Industrial Science, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Cameroon
| | - Jean Pierre Abdou
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Cameroon
| | - Mouhamat Iqbal Choudhary
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Science (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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Sarlak M, Nasiri Z, Madani M, Shahanipour K, Tognoni E, Shakib P. Investigating the Effects of Aqueous and Alcoholic Extracts of Allium Hirtifolium and Allium Jesdianum on Keratinase Activity of Trichophyton Mentagrophytes. CURRENT DRUG THERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1574885517666211216160301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Trichophyton spp., as pathogenic species to humans and animals, cause
different forms of dermatophytosis through the production of particular enzymes, playing an essential role in tissue invasion. Among these, herein, keratinase was investigated, for the specific case
of Trichophyton mentagrophytes, as a target of the effects of Allium hirtifolium and Allium jesdianum extracts, thus pharmacological potential of these plants was studied against keratinase activity.
Methodology:
Sampling was carried out on 20 bald patients from medical diagnostic laboratories
and mycology centers, with suspected dermatophytosis of scalp. For confirming the presence of Trichophyton mentagrophytes in the specimens, different laboratory procedures were applied. Trichophyton mentagrophytes isolates were cultured on a screening medium containing keratin to verify
production of the keratinase enzyme. The best enzyme-producing isolate was selected by measuring diameter of transparent halo around colony to be used in subsequent stages. Afterwards, the optimized conditions maximizing enzyme production and activity were determined. Finally, the inhibitory effect of different dilutions of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Allium jesdianum and Allium hirtifolium on extracellular keratinase activity was studied.
Results :
Sixteen out of 20 fungal isolates were identified as the Trichophyton mentagrophytes. The
most desirable reduction on keratinase activity was reported for dilution values of 50 and 100
mg/ml of both aqueous and ethanolic extracts of A.jesdianum, though much more significant decrease belonged to the latter, and for dilution values of 25 and 100 mg/ ml of both aqueous and
ethanolic extracts of A.hirtifolium.
Conclusion :
Concerning our results, it is suggested that paying special attention to these natural
compounds for the treatment of dermatophytosis could be remarkably effective, considering significant production of keratinase observed in T. mentagrophytes, and they are beneficial, as they have
no side effects and offer an alternative to currently available medications, which are under the restriction of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Sarlak
- Department of Microbiology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Nasiri
- Department of Microbiology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Madani
- Department of Microbiology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kahin Shahanipour
- Department of Biochemistry, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elena Tognoni
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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Pereira FDO, Teixeira APDC, de Medeiros FD. Do essential oils from plants occurring in the Brazilian Caatinga biome present antifungal potential against dermatophytoses? A systematic review. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:6559-6578. [PMID: 34453564 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11530-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Caatinga is an exclusively Brazilian biome where semiarid climatic conditions promote singularities in adaptive biodiversity. Many aromatic species are found in this region possessing antifungal properties, which are attributed to their essential oils. Thus, we questioned whether essential plant oils found in the Caatinga present anti-dermatophytic potential. Dermatophytes are keratinophilic fungi that cause one of the most prevalent mycoses globally, skin infections known as dermatophytoses (tineas). Here, we provide a comprehensive report of the available published information, analyzing the methods used to evaluate the antifungal activity, verifying the quality of the evidence and possible clinical applications, and discussing research trends in this area. The plants studied concentrated in the genera Croton (Euphorbiaceae), Lippia (Verbenaceae), Piper (Piperaceae), and Mentha (Lamiaceae). All of the studies used in vitro tests to analyze antifungal potential, and little evidence was ascertained concerning the mechanism of antifungal action. In addition, the essential oils also evidenced drug modifying activity of conventional antifungal drugs (Ketoconazole and Terbinafine). We believe that the anti-dermatophyte potential of plant essential oils occurring within the Caatinga is underestimated and that this review will encourage future chemical-pharmacological investigations into the plants within this biome.Key points• The essential oils from plants occurring in the Caatinga Biome present unknown anti-dermatophyte potential.• The studies against dermatophyte fungi concentrate on the families Lamiaceae and Verbenaceae.• In vitro assays were used to assess the anti-dermatophyte potential of the essential oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fillipe de Oliveira Pereira
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Academic Unit of Health, Education and Health Center, Federal University of Campina Grande, Cuité, Brazil.
| | - Anna Paula de Castro Teixeira
- Postgraduate Program in Development and Technological Innovation in Medicines, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Francinalva Dantas de Medeiros
- Pharmacognosy Laboratory, Academic Unit of Health, Education and Health Center, Federal University of Campina Grande, Cuité, Brazil
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Michalczyk A, Ostrowska P. Essential oils and their components in combating fungal pathogens of animal and human skin. J Mycol Med 2021; 31:101118. [PMID: 33548912 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2021.101118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The most common problems of modern medicine include fungal infections of the skin and its appendages caused by dermatomycetes, yeast-like fungi and moulds. Due to toxicity of pharmacological fungicides and promotion of ecology, natural substances with high antifungal properties are sought. Essential oils and their components show potential in this regard. MATERIAL AND METHOD Fourteen commercial essential oils were tested for antifungal activity. The study were carried out by agar dilution method against the following fungal species: Microsporum gypseum, Microsporum canis, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton violaceum, Aspergillus niger, Scopulariopsis brevicaulis and (IZ 1) dog skin isolate. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values were determined for all tested oils and individual components of oils with the highest activity against the tested fungi. GC-MS analysis was performed for the most active oils. RESULTS Cinnamon, thyme, clove, geranium and manuka oils were most active against the test fungi. The MIC values in the tested oils were in the range of 0.5->10μg/μl and the MFC amounted to 1.25->10μg/μl. Activity of individual components against the tested fungi strains was selective and clearly higher against dermatomycetes fungi and IZ 1 isolate. The strongest effect on dermatomycetes fungi was of cinnamaldehyde, thymol and carvacrol-with the values of 0.039-1.25μg/μl (MIC) and 0.078-1.25μg/μl (MFC). In turn, the highest activity against IZ 1 isolate was of cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, carvacrol, geraniol and thymol. Their MIC and MFC was 0.313-1.25μg/μl. CONCLUSION The results prove the applicability of selected oils and their components as alternatives to synthetic agents in combating fungal dermatoses in animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Michalczyk
- The Łukasiewicz Research Network - Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Annopol 6, 03-236 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Paulina Ostrowska
- The Łukasiewicz Research Network - Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Annopol 6, 03-236 Warsaw, Poland
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Cáceres A, M. Cruz S. Detection and Validation of Native Plants Traditionally Used as Medicine in Guatemala. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083805666190327172409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Guatemala as part of Mesoamerica, is a region of high biological and cultural diversity, where several cultures have flourished. Since 1976, a project started for the detection, validation, production, and utilization of medicinal species for primary health care. It included several ethnobotanical surveys conducted among ten Guatemalan ethnical groups. The objective of this paper is to summarize the ethnobotanical surveys conducted in the country and review the literature validating the use of the most promising native species. From these surveys, more than 650 plant species used for medicinal purposes were detected and cultivation activities were conducted for some of these species. Initially, in cooperation with the multidisciplinary teams in Guatemala, and later with other academic institutions in Brazil, Costa Rica, Italy, Mexico, Panama, Spain and United States, in vitro and in vivo validation activities were performed, such as biocidal, anti-inflammatory, spasmolytic, immunomodulatory, antioxidant and other activities. A comprehensive literature review of the most relevant species was performed. Based on the traditional utilization and preclinical or clinical evidence, several national and international projects were conducted. The most interesting results include anti-candida (Solanum nigrescens), antimicrobial (Tagetes lucida), immunomodulator (Phlebodium pseudoaureum), anti-protozoal (Neurolaena lobata), sedative (Valeriana prionophylla), anti-menopause (Piper hispidum) activities and others. With this information and the reviewed literature, specific formulas were prepared for the treatment of different pathologies, leading to several products registered as phytotherapic in Guatemala. Concise updated information is integrated into mini-reviews for 15 species in order to inform about the properties, chemistry and potential use of these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Cáceres
- Farmaya Natural Products Laboratories, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Sully M. Cruz
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of San Carlos of Guatemala, Guatemala
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Piper Essential Oils Inhibit Rhizopus oryzae Growth, Biofilm Formation, and Rhizopuspepsin Activity. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2018; 2018:5295619. [PMID: 30073039 PMCID: PMC6057405 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5295619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Piper is the largest genus of the Piperaceae family. The species of this genus have diverse biological activities and are used in pharmacopeia throughout the world. They are also used in folk medicine for treatment of many diseases in several countries including Brazil, China, India, Jamaica, and Mexico. In Brazil, Piper species are distributed throughout the national territory, making this genus a good candidate for biological activity screening. During our studies with Piper essential oils, we evaluated its activity against Rhizopus oryzae, the main agent of mucormycosis. The main compounds of seven Piper essential oils analyzed were Piper callosum—safrole (53.8%), P. aduncum—dillapiole (76.0%), P. hispidinervum—safrole (91.4%), P. marginatum—propiopiperone (13.2%), P. hispidum—γ-terpinene (30.9%), P. tuberculatum—(E)-caryophyllene (30.1%), and Piper sp.—linalool (14.6%). The minimum inhibitory concentration of Piper essential oils against R. oryzae ranged from 78.12 to >1250 μg/mL. The best result of total inhibition of biofilm formation was obtained with Piper sp. starting from 4.88 μg/mL. Considering the bioactive potential of EOs against planktonic cells and biofilm formation of R. oryzae could be of great interest for development of antimicrobials for therapeutic use in treatment of fungal infection.
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Pérez Zamora CM, Torres CA, Nuñez MB. Antimicrobial Activity and Chemical Composition of Essential Oils from Verbenaceae Species Growing in South America. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23030544. [PMID: 29494478 PMCID: PMC6017629 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Verbenaceae family includes 2600 species grouped into 100 genera with a pantropical distribution. Many of them are important elements of the floras of warm-temperature and tropical regions of America. This family is known in folk medicine, and its species are used as digestive, carminative, antipyretic, antitussive, antiseptic, and healing agents. This review aims to collect information about the essential oils from the most reported species of the Verbenaceae family growing in South America, focusing on their chemical composition, antimicrobial activity, and synergism with commercial antimicrobials. The information gathered comprises the last twenty years of research within the South American region and is summarized taking into consideration the most representative species in terms of their essential oils. These species belong to Aloysia, Lantana, Lippia, Phyla, and Stachytarpheta genera, and the main essential oils they contain are monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, such as β-caryophyllene, thymol, citral, 1,8-cineole, carvone, and limonene. These compounds have been found to possess antimicrobial activities. The synergism of these essential oils with antibiotics is being studied by several research groups. It constitutes a resource of interest for the potential use of combinations of essential oils and antibiotics in infection treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M Pérez Zamora
- National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina.
- Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, Department of Basic and Applied Science, National University of Chaco Austral, Comandante Fernández 755, Presidencia Roque Sáenz Peña, Chaco 3700, Argentina.
| | - Carola A Torres
- National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina.
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Basic and Applied Science, National University of Chaco Austral, Comandante Fernández 755, Presidencia Roque Sáenz Peña, Chaco 3700, Argentina.
| | - María B Nuñez
- Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, Department of Basic and Applied Science, National University of Chaco Austral, Comandante Fernández 755, Presidencia Roque Sáenz Peña, Chaco 3700, Argentina.
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Teixeira de Oliveira G, Siqueira Ferreira JM, Lima WG, Ferreira Alves L, Duarte-Almeida JM, Alves Rodrigues dos Santos Lima L. Phytochemical characterisation and bioprospection for antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Lippia alba Brown ex Britton & Wilson (Verbenaceae). Nat Prod Res 2017; 32:723-731. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1335727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Graziela Teixeira de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Médica, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinópolis, Brazil
- Laboratório de Fitoquímica, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinópolis, Brazil
| | | | - William Gustavo Lima
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Médica, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinópolis, Brazil
| | - Lucas Ferreira Alves
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Médica, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinópolis, Brazil
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Silva KVS, Lima MIO, Cardoso GN, Santos AS, Silva GS, Pereira FO. Inibitory effects of linalool on fungal pathogenicity of clinical isolates ofMicrosporum canisandMicrosporum gypseum. Mycoses 2017; 60:387-393. [DOI: 10.1111/myc.12606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaltz V. S. Silva
- Laboratory of Biochemistry; Academic Unit of Health, Education and Health Center; Federal University of Campina Grande; Cuité Brazil
| | - Maria I. O. Lima
- Laboratory of Biochemistry; Academic Unit of Health, Education and Health Center; Federal University of Campina Grande; Cuité Brazil
| | - Gustavo N. Cardoso
- Laboratory of Biochemistry; Academic Unit of Health, Education and Health Center; Federal University of Campina Grande; Cuité Brazil
| | - Aldeir S. Santos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry; Academic Unit of Health, Education and Health Center; Federal University of Campina Grande; Cuité Brazil
| | - Gezaíldo S. Silva
- Laboratory of Biochemistry; Academic Unit of Health, Education and Health Center; Federal University of Campina Grande; Cuité Brazil
| | - Fillipe O. Pereira
- Laboratory of Biochemistry; Academic Unit of Health, Education and Health Center; Federal University of Campina Grande; Cuité Brazil
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Sutili FJ, Cunha MA, Ziech RE, Krewer CC, Zeppenfeld CC, Heldwein CG, Gressler LT, Heinzmann BM, Vargas AC, Baldisserotto B. Lippia alba essential oil promotes survival of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) infected with Aeromonas sp. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2015; 87:95-100. [PMID: 25789790 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201520130442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro and in vivo activity of the Lippia alba essential oil (EO) against Aeromonas sp. was evaluated. In the in vitro assay the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of EO for Aeromonas cells were determined using the microdilution method. Twenty five strains of Aeromonas sp. isolated from infected fish obtained from local fish farms were used. MIC and MBC values were 2862 and 5998 µg mL-1 for L. alba EO and 0.5 and 1.2 µg mL-1 for gentamicin, respectively. In the in vivo assay silver catfish juveniles (Rhamdia quelen) (7.50 ± 1.85 g and 10.0 ± 1.0 cm) with typical injuries associated to Aeromonas infection were divided into four treatments (in triplicate n=10): untreated fish (negative control), 10 mg L-1 of gentamicin, and 20 or 50 µL L-1 of EO. Fish were maintained in aerated 20 L plastic boxes. After 10 days survival of silver catfish infected with Aermonas sp. and treated with essential oil (50 µL L-1) was greater than 90%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando J Sutili
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Mauro A Cunha
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Rosangela E Ziech
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Carina C Krewer
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Carla C Zeppenfeld
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Clarissa G Heldwein
- Departamento de Farmácia Industrial, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Leticia T Gressler
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Berta M Heinzmann
- Departamento de Farmácia Industrial, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Agueda C Vargas
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
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