1
|
Necrotizing funisitis associated with Ureaplasma urealyticum infection: A clinicopathologic analysis of 14 cases. Placenta 2022; 126:12-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
2
|
Wang Y, Ferrero S, Li S, Liu S, Yang W. Pelvic abscess associated with Actinomyces species ‒ a rare post-cesarean complication. CASE REPORTS IN PERINATAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/crpm-2021-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Pelvic actinomycotic abscess is uncommon and its presentation as a post-cesarean complication may be confused with hemorrhagic mass. It is still a disease that poses a significant diagnostic challenge. Management and prognosis are not well known for this type of infection.
Case presentation
A 36-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital six days after the cesarean section with abdominal pain and dysuria. The second operation was diagnosed as pelvic abscess, debridement and drainage about 250 mL abscess. Bacterial culture of abscess confirmed as Actinomyces odontolyticus infection. Intravenous penicillin was given immediately, amoxicillin was taken orally for three months after discharge, and no recurrence was found after follow-up for ten months.
Conclusions
Pelvic A. odontolyticus abscess may be confirmed through correct bacterial culture and cured by a short-term course of Amoxicillin. With prompt recognition and treatment, favorable outcomes of pelvic Actinomycotic abscess in the perinatal period could be achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Wang
- Department of Pharmacy , The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University , Guangzhou , P. R. China
| | - Simone Ferrero
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino , University of Genova , Genova , Italy
| | - Shasha Li
- Department of Pharmacy , The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University , Guangzhou , P. R. China
| | - Shisan Liu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department , The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University , Guangzhou , P. R. China
| | - Wah Yang
- Department of General Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University , Guangzhou , P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang W, Zhang M, Gong L, Wu Q. Necrotizing funisitis and calcification of umbilical vein: case report and review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021; 21:296. [PMID: 33845786 PMCID: PMC8042875 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-03743-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Necrotising funisitis (NF) is a rare, chronic stage of funisitis, a severe inflammation of the umbilical cord and an important risk factor for fetal adverse outcomes. NF is characterized by yellow-white bands running parallel to the umbilical blood vessels. These bands consist of inflammatory cells, necrotic debris, and calcium deposits. Calcification is visible in ultrasonography, which makes it possible to suspect NF when umbilical vascular wall calcification is detected by prenatal ultrasonography. CASE PRESENTATION Ultrasonography revealed calcification of the umbilical venous wall in an expectant 31-year-old woman who was gravida 1, para 0. The woman required emergency cesarean section because of fetal distress and suspected umbilical cord torsion at 31 weeks gestation. The root of the umbilical cord was quite fragile and broke during the operation. The pathological results on the placenta showed histologic chorioamnionitis and NF. The infant was diagnosed to have neonatal sepsis and acidosis after delivery but was discharged without severe complications after a one-month hospitalization that included antibiotic and supportive therapy. CONCLUSION NF is a rare and severe inflammation of the umbilical cord. Umbilical vascular wall calcification discovered in prenatal ultrasonography is diagnostically helpful.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wendi Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, 251 Yaojiayuan Road, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liyun Gong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingqing Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, 251 Yaojiayuan Road, Beijing, 100026, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gajdács M, Urbán E. The Pathogenic Role of Actinomyces spp. and Related Organisms in Genitourinary Infections: Discoveries in the New, Modern Diagnostic Era. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E524. [PMID: 32824418 PMCID: PMC7459602 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9080524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Actinomycosis is a chronic, suppurative, granulomatous infectious disease, caused by different species of Actinomyces bacteria. To date, 26 validly published Actinomyces species have been described as part of a normal human microbiota or from human clinical specimens. Due to the rapid spread of new, modern diagnostic procedures, 13 of 26 of these species have been described in this century and the Actinomycetaceae family has undergone several taxonomic revisions, including the introduction of many novel species termed Actinomyces-like organisms (ALOs). There is scarce data available on the role of these novel bacterial species in various infectious processes in human medicine. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of Actinomyces and closely related organisms involved in human diseases-with a special focus on newly described species-in particular their role in genitourinary tract infections in females and males.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Márió Gajdács
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edit Urbán
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Golofast B, Vales K. The connection between microbiome and schizophrenia. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 108:712-731. [PMID: 31821833 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
There has been an accumulation of knowledge about the human microbiome, some detailed investigations of the gastrointestinal microbiota and its functions, and the highlighting of complex interactions between the gut, the gut microbiota, and the central nervous system. That assumes the involvement of the microbiome in the pathogenesis of various CNS diseases, including schizophrenia. Given this information and the fact, that the gut microbiota is sensitive to internal and environmental influences, we have speculated that among the factors that influence the formation and composition of gut microbiota during life, possible key elements in the schizophrenia development chain are hidden where gut microbiota is a linking component. This article aims to describe and understand the developmental relationships between intestinal microbiota and the risk of developing schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bogdana Golofast
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67 Klecany, Prague East, Czech Republic; Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 87, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic.
| | - Karel Vales
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67 Klecany, Prague East, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
|
7
|
Rajapakse PS, Nagarathne M, Chandrasekra KB, Dasanayake AP. Periodontal Disease and Prematurity among Non-smoking Sri Lankan Women. J Dent Res 2016; 84:274-7. [PMID: 15723870 DOI: 10.1177/154405910508400313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypothesis that periodontal disease is associated with pre-term low birthweight was tested in a prospective follow-up study of rural prima-gravida women (N = 227) who were free of tobacco, alcohol, and drug use. Women with 3rd trimester mean probing pocket depths, plaque, and bleeding scores that were greater than the median value in the cohort were defined as ‘exposed’. There were 17 (7.5%) preterm low birthweight singleton deliveries in the cohort (among ‘exposed’ = 12%; among ‘unexposed’ = 5.6%; Odds Ratio = 2.3; 95% CI = 0.9−6.3). After adjustment for the independent variables, the OR for preterm low birthweight in relation to ‘exposure’ was 1.9 (95% CI = 0.7−5.4). Our results are only suggestive of an association between periodontal disease and preterm low birthweight, perhaps indicating that previously reported associations may have been subjected to residual confounding due to tobacco, alcohol, and drug use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P S Rajapakse
- Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Actinomyces israelii has long been recognized as a causative agent of actinomycosis. During the past 3 decades, a large number of novel Actinomyces species have been described. Their detection and identification in clinical microbiology laboratories and recognition as pathogens in clinical settings can be challenging. With the introduction of advanced molecular methods, knowledge about their clinical relevance is gradually increasing, and the spectrum of diseases associated with Actinomyces and Actinomyces-like organisms is widening accordingly; for example, Actinomyces meyeri, Actinomyces neuii, and Actinomyces turicensis as well as Actinotignum (formerly Actinobaculum) schaalii are emerging as important causes of specific infections at various body sites. In the present review, we have gathered this information to provide a comprehensive and microbiologically consistent overview of the significance of Actinomyces and some closely related taxa in human infections.
Collapse
|
9
|
Fazili T, Blair D, Riddell S, Kiska D, Nagra S. Actinomyces meyeri infection: case report and review of the literature. J Infect 2012; 65:357-61. [PMID: 22406688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2012.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Actinomyces meyeri is an uncommon cause of actinomycosis. We present a patient with pneumonia and empyema due to A. meyeri. The patient underwent open thoracotomy with decortication and was discharged home on a twelve-month course of oral penicillin. Review of the English literature revealed thirty-two cases of infection due to A. meyeri. The majority of patients were male, and a significant number had poor dental hygiene and a history of alcoholism. More than other Actinomyces species, A. meyeri causes pulmonary infection and has a predilection for dissemination. Prognosis is favorable with prolonged penicillin therapy combined with surgical debridement, if needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tasaduq Fazili
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Clothier B, Stringer M, Jeffcoat MK. Periodontal disease and pregnancy outcomes: exposure, risk and intervention. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2007; 21:451-66. [PMID: 17363331 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2007.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite the many advances in medicine, the rate of preterm birth has not significantly decreased in the United States over the past several decades. In fact, the rate rose in 2003 to more than 12% of all births in the United States. This equates to over half a million premature births in the United States alone. Consequently, the identification of risk factors for preterm birth which are amenable to intervention would have far-reaching and long-lasting effects. There is emerging evidence of a relationship between periodontal health and adverse pregnancy outcomes, particularly preterm birth/preterm low-birth-weight infants. Therefore this chapter explores the putative association between periodontal disease and infant prematurity, as well as the results of intervention studies which treated periodontal disease in order to reduce the incidence of prematurity. Of 31 published studies, 22 show a positive association between premature birth and periodontal disease. Ongoing studies are addressing the efficacy of periodontal treatment for decreasing the incidence of infant prematurity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Clothier
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bauer P, Sultan S, Atienza P. Perianal actinomycosis: diagnostic and management considerations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 30:29-32. [PMID: 16514379 DOI: 10.1016/s0399-8320(06)73074-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Primary anal actinomycosis of cryptoglandular origin, mainly due to Actinomyces israelii, a specific and rare cause of anal suppurative disease, needs to be recognized because it can be cured using specific treatments. METHOD Data were reviewed from 6 patients with actinomycotic anal abscesses of obvious cryptoglandular origin observed in a single proctology unit between 1983 and 2000. Therapeutic management included conventional surgical treatment of anal sepsis followed by a specific oral antibiotic therapy maintained until the surgical wound had completely healed. RESULTS All but one of the patients were men (median age, 53 years). All abscesses, except one, were indolent. No patient presented macroscopic "sulphur granules" in the pus, but one presented "watery pus". The diagnosis was established by histological study of the surgically excised tissue or by anaerobic culture of the pus. In the one HIV-positive patient, an uncommon organism was isolated: Actinomyces meyeri. Two cases of recurrence were observed without evidence of Actinomyces infection. CONCLUSION Actinomycosis should be suspected particularly in indolent anal suppuration. The absence of macroscopic "sulphur granules" does not mean this diagnosis can be ruled out. Careful histological examination of the excised tissue and appropriate anaerobic cultures of pus should be carried out to achieve complete eradication of this rare, but easily curable disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Bauer
- Service de Proctologie Médico-Interventionnelle, Groupe Hospitalier Diaconesses Croix-Saint-Simon, Paris.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dasanayake AP, Li Y, Wiener H, Ruby JD, Lee MJ. SalivaryActinomyces naeslundiiGenospecies 2 andLactobacillus caseiLevels Predict Pregnancy Outcomes. J Periodontol 2005; 76:171-7. [PMID: 15974839 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2005.76.2.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gravida's poor periodontal health is emerging as a modifiable independent risk factor for preterm delivery and low birth weight. METHODS To test the hypothesis that oral bacteria other than periodontal pathogens are also associated with pregnancy outcomes, specific oral bacterial levels measured during pregnancy were evaluated in relation to gestational age and birth weight while controlling for demographic, medical, and dental variables. The study population consisted of 297 predominantly African- American women who were pregnant for the first time. The salivary bacterial levels evaluated were Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus sanguinus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies (gsp) 1 and 2, total streptococci, and total cultivable organisms. RESULTS For 1 unit increase in log(10) A. naeslundii gsp 2 levels, there was a 60 gm decrease in birth weight (beta = -59.7 g; SE = 29.1; P = 0.04), and a 0.17 week decrease in gestational age (beta = -0.17 wk; SE = 0.09; P = 0.05). In contrast, per 1 unit increase in log(10) L. casei levels, there was a 42 gm increase in birth weight (beta = 42.2 g; SE = 19.3; P = 0.03), and a 0.13 week increase in gestational age (beta = 0.13 week; SE = 0.06; P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that other oral bacterial species can also be related to pregnancy outcomes in addition to previously reported periodontal pathogens. These organism levels may not only predict poor pregnancy outcomes, but also be used as modifiable risk factors in reducing prematurity and low birth weight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ananda P Dasanayake
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Knee DS, Christ MJ, Gries DM, Thompson MW. Actinomyces species and cerclage placement in neonatal sepsis: a case report. J Perinatol 2004; 24:389-91. [PMID: 15167879 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jp.7211097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A 26-year-old female with a history of preterm labor and cerclage placement presented at 29 weeks gestation. Twin girls were delivered at 2917 weeks. Twin A presented with clinical sepsis at birth. Twin A's blood cultures became positive for Actinomyces species on day of life 15. Despite aggressive medical management twin A died at 35 days of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Knee
- Department of Newborn Medicine, MCHK-Cl, 1 Jarrett White Road, Tripler Army Medical Center, HI 96859-5000, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
The pathologic investigation of stillbirth is often frustrating, and may be viewed as unrewarding, because the reason for death of the infant frequently is not identifiable. This outline attempts to identify an approach to the examination of the stillborn and accompanying placenta, with appropriate use of ancillary studies that may uncover the cause of death and/or identify factors that could prejudice future pregnancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J F Magee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bendon RW, Bornstein S, Faye-Petersen OM. Two fetal deaths associated with maternal sepsis and with thrombosis of the intervillous space of the placenta. Placenta 1998; 19:385-9. [PMID: 9699959 DOI: 10.1016/s0143-4004(98)90078-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The placental pathology in two second trimester fetal losses associated with mild maternal disseminated intravascular coagulation are reported. Case one had a dental abscess, a leukocytosis of 36300 white blood cells/m, and evidence of mild consumptive coagulopathy at 20 weeks. Case two had septic findings including disseminated intravascular thrombosis associated with pyelonephritis. The placentae had extensive intervillous thrombosis at the periphery of spiral arterial flow. It is hypothesized that in mild disseminated intravascular coagulation, the trophoblast inhibits fibrinolysis, favouring thrombosis perhaps due to production of plasminogen activator inhibitor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R W Bendon
- Kosair Children's Hospital, Department of Pathology, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|