Modern understanding of adult celiac disease

Celiac disease as a rare source of recurrent small intestinal bleeding

Aim: study of the effectiveness of endoscopic interventions in complicated celiac disease.Material and methods. An electronic literature search was performed using databases: PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library. A clinical case of a patient with small intestinal bleeding and celiac disease is described.Results. This literature review includes case reports, retrospective studies, and literature reviews. Presented is a clinical case of a patient who noted periodic discharge of blood from the anal canal for 2 years. According to esophagogastroduodenoscopy, erosive gastritis was detected, complicated by bleeding (the source was not identified) with suspected celiac disease. According to the histological conclusion, celiac disease is excluded. During hospitalization, it was decided to perform capsule endoscopy with balloon-assisted enteroscopy followed by a biopsy. According to the data of a comprehensive endoscopic examination of the small intestine, various defects of the mucous membrane with signs of ongoing bleeding were revealed. Endoscopic clipping of the identified defects was performed and a biopsy was taken. According to the results of histological examination, celiac disease complicated by small intestinal bleeding was diagnosed.Conclusions. The use of endoscopic therapeutic techniques avoids surgical interventions, and preserves the quality of life of the patient.

Prospects for the treatment of gluten-associated diseases: on our daily bread, celiac disease, gluten proteins and more…

Food safety all over the world is largely dependent on production of grains that are cultivated in 60% of agricultural lands. Wheat is the main food for millions of people and one of the three most commonly cultivated grain cultures worldwide, along with corn and rice. Modern wheat is a product of gene engineering interventions aimed at increased productivity, yields, nutrient quota, and storage time, as well as immunogenic properties. However, the consumption of gluten, a proline and glutamine-rich wheat, rye and barley protein, triggers gluten-dependent disorders, such as celiac disease, wheat allergy, baker's asthma and wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis. This group of disorders are curable provided the correct diagnosis has been made and strict lifelong gluten-free diet is implemented. Continuous patient's adherence to the gluten-free diet is associated with a number of medical and paramedical challenges, and the adherence level of the most compliant patients does not exceed 80%. The paper discuss other treatment strategies to improve the nutrition of people with gluten-sensitive disorders, in particular, the reduction grain gluten content, gluten sequestration in the gut before its digestion, prevention of gluten absorption and subsequent immune cell activation, and administration of tissue transglutaminase 2 inhibitors.