Use of Cancer Survivorship Care Guidelines by Primary Care Providers in the United States

Oncology and Primary Care Involvement in Breast Cancer Survivorship Care More Than 5 Years After Initial Treatment

PURPOSE

Very little is known about primary care involvement in the care of cancer survivors beyond the initial 5 years post-treatment when transitioning to primary care is guideline-recommended for many survivors.

METHODS

The ICanCare study is a longitudinal survey of women diagnosed with breast cancer in 2014-2015 identified in the Georgia and Los Angeles SEER registries. Women were surveyed during initial treatment and again approximately 6 years later in survivorship (2021-2022; n = 1,412, 60% response rate). Respondents were asked which provider led their survivorship care (oncology, shared care, primary care provider [PCP]) and PCP management of eight common survivorship issues (range, 0-32). Multivariable-adjusted associations of participant characteristics with survivorship care delivery and PCP management of survivorship issues were evaluated using logistic and linear regression models, respectively.

RESULTS

Over half of the women (57.2%) reported oncologist-led survivorship care delivery, 20.5% shared care, and 22.4% PCP-led. PCP management of survivorship issues was moderate (mean, 11.4, 95% CI, 11.0 to 11.8) and was highest (often/always discussed) for medication management (50.1%), improving physical activity (49.1%), and chronic disease management (43.6%). Greater confidence in PCP's ability to manage survivorship care (v no or little confidence) was associated with PCP-led delivery (P = .01) and more PCP management of survivorship issues (P < .0001).

CONCLUSION

In this diverse cohort of breast cancer survivors, primary care involvement in survivorship care delivery and management of common survivorship issues remains low even more than 5 years after completing treatment and little variation was seen across survivor sociodemographic or clinical characteristics. Confidence in PCP ability to manage survivorship care was found to be important and may represent an opportunity to foster transition to primary care-led survivorship care delivery.

Providing Survivorship Care for a Young Adult With a History of Blood Cancer

Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with a history of cancer are at an increased risk for late effects from their cancer treatment and have higher rates of long-term morbidity and mortality compared to their age-matched peers. As a result, this vulnerable population needs attentive follow-up care, end-organ surveillance, and secondary cancer screening; however, a history of cancer can often become buried on a problem list or not addressed at all. This case report illustrates an AYA survivor of classic Hodgkin lymphoma who relocates to a new city and establishes care with a new primary care provider (PCP). The PCP's awareness of a prior cancer diagnosis and the previous treatment regimen is a critical component in providing comprehensive care. In this case, the PCP's first step is to reach out and collaborate with oncology providers to gather an accurate treatment summary and then consult evidence-based guidelines to develop a plan of care. Based on the patient's previous treatment with chemotherapy adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine, the PCP orders recommended testing, reviews results, and provides subsequent counseling on health promotion and psychosocial wellness. This case illustrates strategies healthcare providers can use to provide coordinated, evidence-based care for AYA cancer survivors.