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Palit P, Ahmed MMM, Gazi MA, Haque MA, Alam MA, Haque R, Mahfuz M, Ahmed T. Association of Secretor Status with Enteropathy and Growth among Children in Bangladesh Aged 1-24 Months. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2022; 107:449-456. [PMID: 35895378 PMCID: PMC9393443 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Secretor status refers to the ability of an individual to secrete blood group antigens into body fluids and onto the different epithelial surfaces. Concurrent findings have demonstrated an association of the secretor status of children with susceptibility to a plethora of enteropathogens. We aimed to determine a possible association of secretor status of children with childhood enteropathy, an important causal factor for childhood growth failure. Participants of the Malnutrition and Enteric Disease (MAL-ED) birth cohort study from the Bangladesh site were enrolled along with their mothers. Saliva was analyzed for determining blood groups and secretor status of the children and their mothers by using an in-house ELISA. Approximately 59% of children and 65% of mothers were found to be secretor positive. Secretor-positive children were found to have a significantly positive association with alpha-1-antitrypsin (β-coefficient: 0.11, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.21, P < 0.01) and with environmental enteric dysfunction score (β-coefficient: 0.32, 95% CI: 0.29, 0.65, P = 0.05). However, despite a negative effect size, secretor-positive children did not show any statistical significance with length-for-age and weight-for-age z scores (LAZ and WAZ), respectively. Our findings indicate toward the genetic factor of secretor status of children being associated with childhood growth faltering, through increased susceptibility to distinct enteropathogens and the consequent development of enteric inflammation and enteropathy among children. However, these findings are only applicable in Bangladeshi settings and thus need to be validated in several other similar settings, to establish a possible relationship between the secretor status of children with enteropathy and resulting childhood growth failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parag Palit
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh (icddr,b)
| | - Mondar Maruf Moin Ahmed
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh (icddr,b)
| | - Md Amran Gazi
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh (icddr,b)
| | - Md Ahshanul Haque
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh (icddr,b)
| | - Md Ashraful Alam
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh (icddr,b)
| | - Rashidul Haque
- Emerging Infections and Parasitology Laboratory, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh (icddr,b)
| | - Mustafa Mahfuz
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh (icddr,b)
| | - Tahmeed Ahmed
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh (icddr,b)
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