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Gao F, Wang J, Chen J, Wang X, Chen Y, Sun X. Etiologies and clinical characteristics of young patients with angle-closure glaucoma: a 15-year single-center retrospective study. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021; 259:2379-2387. [PMID: 33876278 PMCID: PMC8352827 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-021-05172-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the etiologies and the clinical characteristics of angle-closure glaucoma (ACG) patients younger than 40 years old in Chinese. Methods Inpatients with diagnosis of ACG and diagnosed age younger than or equal to 40 years old, who were admitted in Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital Fudan University from 2002 to 2017, were included in this retrospective non-comparative case series. The underlying causes and clinical features for all the patients were analyzed by comprehensive review of medical charts. Results A total of 298 patients (463 eyes) met the criteria, including 153 females (51.3%) and 145 males (48.7%); the mean age was 25.6 ± 13.0 years. Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG), uveitis, and anterior segment dysgenesis (ASD) were the top three etiologies in our patients, which accounted for 32.6%, 20.3%, and 15.1% of the total patients respectively. PACG mainly occurs after 30 years of age and ASD is the top reason of ACG in patients younger than 20 years old. Other known etiologies include iridocorneal endothelial syndrome, neovascular glaucoma, nanophthalmos, retinitis pigmentosa, spherophakia, bestrophinopathy, persistent fetal vasculature, iridociliary cysts, congenital retinoschisis, Marfan’s syndrome, retinopathy of prematurity, familial exudative vitreoretinopathy, congenital retinal folds, Coat’s disease, and neurofibromatosis. Conclusions We described the uncommon presentation of ACG in Chinese young patients. Although unusual, most of the etiologies could be identified. Therefore, more careful and comprehensive examinations are needed for early detection and timely treatment for young ACG patients.![]() Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00417-021-05172-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jiajian Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Junyi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration (Fudan University), Shanghai, China.
| | - Xinghuai Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration (Fudan University), Shanghai, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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