1
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Kelnar I, Kaprálková L, Němeček P, Dybal J, Abdel-Rahman RM, Vyroubalová M, Nevoralová M, Abdel-Mohsen AM. The Effects of the Deacetylation of Chitin Nanowhiskers on the Performance of PCL/PLA Bio-Nanocomposites. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3071. [PMID: 37514460 PMCID: PMC10384066 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The multiple roles of organic nanofillers in biodegradable nanocomposites (NC) with a blend-based matrix is not yet fully understood. This work highlights combination of reinforcing and structure-directing effects of chitin nanowhiskers (CNW) with different degrees of deacetylation (DA), i.e., content of primary or secondary amines on their surface, in the nanocomposite with the PCL/PLA 1:1 matrix. Of importance is the fact that aminolysis with CNW leading to chain scission of both polyesters, especially of PLA, is practically independent of DA. DA also does not influence thermal stability. At the same time, the more marked chain scission/CNW grafting for PLA in comparison to PCL, causing changes in rheological parameters of components and related structural alterations, has crucial effects on mechanical properties in systems with a bicontinuous structure. Favourable combinations of multiple effects of CNW leads to enhanced mechanical performance at low 1% content only, whereas negative effects of structural changes, particularly of changed continuity, may eliminate the reinforcing effects of CNW at higher contents. The explanation of both synergistic and antagonistic effects of structures formed is based on the correspondence of experimental results with respective basic model calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Kelnar
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Kaprálková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Němeček
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Dybal
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Rasha M Abdel-Rahman
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Vyroubalová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Nevoralová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A M Abdel-Mohsen
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
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2
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Kelnar I, Kaprálková L, Krejčíková S, Dybal J, Vyroubalová M, Abdel-Mohsen AM. Effect of Polydopamine Coating of Cellulose Nanocrystals on Performance of PCL/PLA Bio-Nanocomposites. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1087. [PMID: 36770094 PMCID: PMC9920865 DOI: 10.3390/ma16031087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In bio-nanocomposites with a poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) matrix with neat and polydopamine (PDA)-coated cellulose nanocrystals (CNCd), the use of different mixing protocols with masterbatches prepared by solution casting led to marked variation of localization, as well as reinforcing and structure-directing effects, of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC). The most balanced mechanical properties were found with an 80/20 PLA/PCL ratio, and complex PCL/CNC structures were formed. In the nanocomposites with a bicontinuous structure (60/40 and 40/60 PLA/PCL ratios), pre-blending the CNC and CNCd/PLA caused a marked increase in the continuity of mechanically stronger PLA and an improvement in related parameters of the system. On the other hand, improved continuity of the PCL phase when using a PCL masterbatch may lead to the reduction in or elimination of reinforcing effects. The PDA coating of CNC significantly changed its behavior. In particular, a higher affinity to PCL and ordering of PLA led to dissimilar structures and interface transformations, while also having antagonistic effects on mechanical properties. The negligible differences in bulk crystallinity indicate that alteration of mechanical properties may have originated from differences in crystallinity at the interface, also influenced by presence of CNC in this area. The complex effect of CNC on bio-nanocomposites, including the potential of PDA coating to increase thermal stability, is worthy of further study.
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3
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Al-Shawabkeh AF. Optoelectronic investigation and spectroscopic characteristics of polyamide-66 polymer. E-POLYMERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2022-0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A semi-crystalline designated nylon 66 polymer is a crucial, high-performance engineering material that is used in wide variety of industrial applications including sensors, electrical insulators, electronic devices, and automotive sector. Using modules based on density functional theory and finite-field approaches, this work explores the optoelectronic and spectroscopic characteristics of this polymer. Absorption, dielectric function, refractive index, and optical conductivity are the principle topics of this study. The effects indicated that nylon 66 is a first-rate insulator and the degree of crystallinity estimated is 46.44%. The simulated bandgap vs. the Tauc relation value is greater than 7.0 eV and has a proportional inaccuracy of 2.36%. Absorption coefficient value, however, suggests that while the refractive index and dielectric function remain stable, the optical conductivity is elevated. In order to determine the advantages appropriate for many applications, this research develops a strong basis and perception of the linear and nonlinear optical properties of nylon 66.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali F. Al-Shawabkeh
- Department of Physics and Basic Sciences, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Al-Balqa Applied University , Amman , 11134 , Jordan
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4
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Ucpinar Durmaz B, Aytac A. Enhanced mechanical and thermal properties of graphene nanoplatelets‐reinforced polyamide11/poly(lactic acid) nanocomposites. POLYM ENG SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.26189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bedriye Ucpinar Durmaz
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering Kocaeli University Kocaeli Türkiye
| | - Ayse Aytac
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering Kocaeli University Kocaeli Türkiye
- Polymer Science and Technology Programme Kocaeli University Kocaeli Türkiye
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5
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Paydayesh A, Damoukh S. Polymethyl Methacrylate/Polypropylene Blends Loaded with Graphene and Clay: Morphology, Mechanical Properties and Thermal Stability. J MACROMOL SCI B 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2022.2049065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Azin Paydayesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Mahshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahshahr, Iran
| | - Sahar Damoukh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Mahshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahshahr, Iran
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6
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Interfacial Banded Transcrystallization of Polyoxymethylene/Poly(butylene succinate) Blends Induced by the Polyamide 6 Fiber. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2684-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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7
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Attar S, Chen B, Cicala G, Catalanotti G, Scalici T, Falzon BG. On the mechanical properties of melt-blended nylon 6/ethylene-octene copolymer/graphene nanoplatelet nanocomposites. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Oliveira AD, Castro LDC, Gonçalves Beatrice CA, Almeida Lucas A, Pessan LA. Effect of nonmodified and organically modified montmorillonite incorporation on polyamide 6/acrylonitrile‐ethylene‐propylene‐diene‐styrene/methyl methacrylate‐co‐maleic anhydride system. POLYMER CRYSTALLIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pcr2.10212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cesar Augusto Gonçalves Beatrice
- Department of Materials Engineering Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos São Carlos Brazil
| | - Alessandra Almeida Lucas
- Department of Materials Engineering Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos São Carlos Brazil
| | - Luiz Antonio Pessan
- Department of Materials Engineering Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos São Carlos Brazil
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Thermal, Morphological, Electrical Properties and Touch-Sensor Application of Conductive Carbon Black-Filled Polyamide Composites. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11113103. [PMID: 34835866 PMCID: PMC8619449 DOI: 10.3390/nano11113103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Polyamide 66 (PA66) is a well-known engineering thermoplastic polymer, primarily employed in polymer composites with fillers and additives of different nature and dimensionality (1D, 2D and 3D) used as alternatives to metals in various technological applications. In this work, carbon black (CB), a conductive nanofiller, was used to reinforce the PA66 polymer in the 9–27 wt. % CB loading range. The reason for choosing CB was intrinsically associated with its nature: a nanostructured carbon filler, whose agglomeration characteristics affect the electrical properties of the polymer composites. Crystallinity, phase composition, thermal behaviour, morphology, microstructure, and electrical conductivity, which are all properties engendered by nanofiller dispersion in the polymer, were investigated using thermal analyses (thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry), microscopies (scanning electron and atomic force microscopies), and electrical conductivity measurements. Interestingly, direct current (DC) electrical measurements and conductive-AFM mapping through the samples enable visualization of the percolation paths and the ability of CB nanoparticles to form aggregates that work as conductive electrical pathways beyond the electrical percolation threshold. This finding provides the opportunities to investigate the degree of filler dispersion occurring during the transformation processes, while the results of the electrical properties also contribute to enabling the use of such conductive composites in sensor and device applications. In this regard, the results presented in this paper provide evidence that conductive carbon-filled polymer composites can work as touch sensors when they are connected with conventional low-power electronics and controlled by inexpensive and commercially available microcontrollers.
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10
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Chen H, Maia JM. Improving dispersive mixing in compatibilized polystyrene/polyamide-6 blends via extension-dominated reactive single-screw extrusion. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2020-0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Extensional mixing elements (EMEs) that impose extension-dominated flow via stationary single-plane or double-plane hyperbolic converging-diverging channels were previously designed for twin-screw and single-screw extruders (TSE and SSE, respectively). In a recently published work by the authors, reactive extrusion was performed on PS/PA6 polymer blends TSE using EMEs and a crystalline phase transition of the minor phase in these droplets was observed as the size of droplet decreases from micron to submicron. Herein, we expand upon this work to SSE and study: a) The ability of the EMEs to improve dispersive mixing in the same blends; b) Assess the possibility of achieving the same crystalline phase transition in SSEs. The final blends were characterized by DSC, rheologically and morphologically via SEM, and the results show that while EME-based SSE leads to much improved mixing, better than non-EME TSE, the reduction in size of the PA6 disperse phase is not enough to induce the phase transition observed in EME-based TSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering , Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland , OH 44106-7202 , USA
| | - João M. Maia
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering , Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland , OH 44106-7202 , USA
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11
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Super ductility in HDPE/EVA blends triggered by synthetic amorphous nanotalc. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-02389-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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The influence of nanoparticles on phase formation and stability of liquid crystals and liquid crystalline polymers. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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13
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Kelnar I, Zhigunov A, Kaprálková L, Fortelný I, Krejčíková S, Dybal J, Janata M, Brus J, Kobera L, Štengl V. Ductile/brittle PA6/PS system: Effect of carbon nanoplatelets‐modified interface on performance. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Kelnar
- Institute of Macromolecular ChemistryCzech Academy of Sciences Praha Czech Republic
| | - Alexander Zhigunov
- Institute of Macromolecular ChemistryCzech Academy of Sciences Praha Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Kaprálková
- Institute of Macromolecular ChemistryCzech Academy of Sciences Praha Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Fortelný
- Institute of Macromolecular ChemistryCzech Academy of Sciences Praha Czech Republic
| | - Sabina Krejčíková
- Institute of Macromolecular ChemistryCzech Academy of Sciences Praha Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Dybal
- Institute of Macromolecular ChemistryCzech Academy of Sciences Praha Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Janata
- Institute of Macromolecular ChemistryCzech Academy of Sciences Praha Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Brus
- Institute of Macromolecular ChemistryCzech Academy of Sciences Praha Czech Republic
| | - Libor Kobera
- Institute of Macromolecular ChemistryCzech Academy of Sciences Praha Czech Republic
| | - Václav Štengl
- Materials Chemistry DepartmentInstitute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Řež Czech Republic
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14
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Chen H, Zhu S, Maia J. Phase Control of Polyamide 6 via Extension‐Dominated Polymer Blend Reactive Extrusion. POLYM ENG SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Macromolecular Science and EngineeringCase Western Reserve University Cleveland Ohio 44106
| | - Sunsheng Zhu
- Department of Macromolecular Science and EngineeringCase Western Reserve University Cleveland Ohio 44106
| | - João Maia
- Department of Macromolecular Science and EngineeringCase Western Reserve University Cleveland Ohio 44106
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15
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Hamester MRR, Dalmolin C, Becker D. Role of π‐π interactions and chain flexibility in dispersion and dynamic‐mechanical properties of nanocomposites with multiple wall carbon nanotubes. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Carla Dalmolin
- Center of Technological SciencesSanta Catarina State Univertity Joinville Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Daniela Becker
- Center of Technological SciencesSanta Catarina State Univertity Joinville Santa Catarina Brazil
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16
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Compatibilising action of multiwalled carbon nanotubes in polycarbonate/polypropylene (PC/PP) blends: phase morphology, viscoelastic phase separation, rheology and percolation. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-019-1833-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Tomara GN, Karahaliou PK, Anastassopoulos DL, Georga SN, Krontiras CA, Karger‐Kocsis J. Effect of moisture and filler content on the structural, thermal and dielectric properties of polyamide‐6/boehmite alumina nanocomposites. POLYM INT 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jozsef Karger‐Kocsis
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringBudapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest Hungary
- MTA‐BME Research Group for Composite Science and Technology Budapest Hungary
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18
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Yang Y, Li SY, Bao RY, Liu ZY, Yang MB, Tan CB, Yang W. Progress in polyketone materials: blends and composites. POLYM INT 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu PR China
| | - Si-Yuan Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu PR China
| | - Rui-Ying Bao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu PR China
| | - Zheng-Ying Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu PR China
| | - Ming-Bo Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu PR China
| | - Chang-Bin Tan
- Analytical and Testing Center; Sichuan University of Science and Engineering; Zigong PR China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu PR China
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19
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Motamedi P, Bagheri R. Crystallization and polymorphism in polypropylene/polyamide 6/layered silicate ternary nanocomposites. POLYMER CRYSTALLIZATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pcr2.10001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pouyan Motamedi
- Polymeric Materials Research Group, Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSharif University of TechnologyTehran Iran
- National Institute for Nanotechnology, National Research CouncilEdmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Reza Bagheri
- Polymeric Materials Research Group, Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSharif University of TechnologyTehran Iran
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20
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Wu CM, Hsieh WY, Cheng KB, Lai CC, Lee KC. Barrier Properties of Layered-Silicate Reinforced Ethylenepropylenediene Monomer/Chloroprene Rubber Nanorubbers. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E314. [PMID: 29747427 PMCID: PMC5977328 DOI: 10.3390/nano8050314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The triacetin and nitroglycerin barrier properties of layered-silicate reinforced ethylenepropylenediene monomer/chloroprene rubber (EPDM/CR) nanorubbers were investigated as rocket-propellant inhibitors. EPDM/CR nanorubbers with intercalated structures were formulated and prepared by the melt-compounding method. The triacetin permeability and nitroglycerin absorption were observed to decrease with increasing layered-silicate content. The layered silicates also improved the flame retardancies of the nanorubbers by forming silicate reinforced carbonaceous chars. Layered-silicate reinforced EPDM/CR nanorubbers are potentially effective rocket propellant-inhibiting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Mou Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
| | - Wen Yen Hsieh
- Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng-Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan.
| | - Kuo Bin Cheng
- Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng-Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan.
| | - Chiu-Chun Lai
- Department of Textile Engineering, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan.
| | - Kuei Chi Lee
- Taiwan Textile Research Institute, Tucheng Dist., New Taipei 23674, Taiwan.
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21
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Zou G, Wang P, Feng W, Ren Z, Ji J. Poly(decamethylene terephthalamide) copolymerized with long-chain alkyl dodecanedioic acid: Toward bio-based polymer and improved performances. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangji Zou
- National Engineering Research Center of Engineering Plastics; Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 29 Zhongguancun East Road; Haidian District, Beijing 100190 People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road; Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Pingli Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Engineering Plastics; Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 29 Zhongguancun East Road; Haidian District, Beijing 100190 People's Republic of China
| | - Wutong Feng
- National Engineering Research Center of Engineering Plastics; Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 29 Zhongguancun East Road; Haidian District, Beijing 100190 People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road; Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhonglai Ren
- National Engineering Research Center of Engineering Plastics; Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 29 Zhongguancun East Road; Haidian District, Beijing 100190 People's Republic of China
| | - Junhui Ji
- National Engineering Research Center of Engineering Plastics; Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 29 Zhongguancun East Road; Haidian District, Beijing 100190 People's Republic of China
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- József Karger‐Kocsis
- Department of Polymer EngineeringBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsMuegyetem rkp. 3, BudapestH‐1111 Hungary
- MTA–BME Research Group for Composite Science and TechnologyMuegyetem rkp. 3, BudapestH‐1111 Hungary
| | - László Lendvai
- Department of Polymer EngineeringBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsMuegyetem rkp. 3, BudapestH‐1111 Hungary
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23
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Synthesis and Properties of Carbon Nanotube-Grafted Silica Nanoarchitecture-Reinforced Poly(Lactic Acid). MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10070829. [PMID: 28773187 PMCID: PMC5551872 DOI: 10.3390/ma10070829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel nanoarchitecture-reinforced poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanocomposite was prepared using multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-grafted silica nanohybrids as reinforcements. MWCNT-grafted silica nanohybrids were synthesized by the generation of silica nanoparticles on the MWCNT surface through the sol-gel technique. This synthetic method involves organo-modified MWCNTs that are dispersed in tetrahydrofuran, which incorporates tetraethoxysilane that undergoes an ultrasonic sol-gel process. Gelation yielded highly dispersed silica on the organo-modified MWCNTs. The structure and properties of the nanohybrids were established using 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance, Raman spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. The resulting MWCNT nanoarchitectures were covalently assembled into silica nanoparticles, which exhibited specific and controllable morphologies and were used to reinforce biodegradable PLA. The tensile strength and the heat deflection temperature (HDT) of the PLA/MWCNT-grafted silica nanocomposites increased when the MWCNT-grafted silica was applied to the PLA matrix; by contrast, the surface resistivity of the PLA/MWCNT-grafted silica nanocomposites appeared to decline as the amount of MWCNT-grafted silica in the PLA matrix increased. Overall, the reinforcement of PLA using MWCNT-grafted silica nanoarchitectures was efficient and improved its mechanical properties, heat resistance, and electrical resistivity.
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24
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Xu S, Yi S, He J, Wang H, Fang Y, Wang Q. Preparation and Properties of a Novel Microcrystalline Cellulose-Filled Composites Based on Polyamide 6/High-Density Polyethylene. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10070808. [PMID: 28773169 PMCID: PMC5551851 DOI: 10.3390/ma10070808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, lithium chloride (LiCl) was utilized as a modifier to reduce the melting point of polyamide 6 (PA6), and then 15 wt % microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was compounded with low melting point PA6/high-density polyethylene (HDPE) by hot pressing. Crystallization analysis revealed that as little as 3 wt % LiCl transformed the crystallographic forms of PA6 from semi-crystalline to an amorphous state (melting point: 220 °C to none), which sharply reduced the processing temperature of the composites. LiCl improved the mechanical properties of the composites, as evidenced by the fact that the impact strength of the composites was increased by 90%. HDPE increased the impact strength of PA6/MCC composites. In addition, morphological analysis revealed that incorporation of LiCl and maleic anhydride grafted high-density polyethylene (MAPE) improved the interfacial adhesion. LiCl increased the glass transition temperature of the composites (the maximum is 72.6 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology (Ministry of Education), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Shunmin Yi
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology (Ministry of Education), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Jun He
- Nanjing Xuhua Sundi New Building Materials Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211224, China.
| | - Haigang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology (Ministry of Education), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Yiqun Fang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology (Ministry of Education), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Qingwen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology (Ministry of Education), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Zabegaeva ON, Sapozhnikov DA, Buzin MI, Krestinin AV, Kotelnikov VA, Baiminov BA, Afanasyev ES, Pashunin YM, Vygodskii YS. Nylon-6 and single-walled carbon nanotubes polyamide composites. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008316645848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Two methods for the functionalization of single-walled nanotubes were proposed, namely grafting of acyllactam groups or amine-terminated polyimides. Such modification allows for the preparation of stable nonsagging nanotubes dispersions in the melted ∊-caprolactam. These dispersions were further utilized for in situ ring-opening anionic polymerization of ∊-caprolactam with ∊-caprolactam magnesium bromide as a catalyst and N-acetyl-∊-caprolactam as an activator. Some unique features of the obtained novel nylon-6/nanotubes composites are significantly increased thermal stability ( T5% up to 400°C), enhanced compression modulus and Izod impact strength of polymer blocks (by 25% and 150%, respectively) and advanced tensile strength and elongation of polymer films. Such an improvement in the properties of the composites in comparison with neat nylon-6 was gained by the addition of as little as 0.1–0.01 wt% of modified nanotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olesya N Zabegaeva
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences (INEOS RAS), Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy A Sapozhnikov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences (INEOS RAS), Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail I Buzin
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences (INEOS RAS), Moscow, Russia
| | - Anatoliy V Krestinin
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Viktor A Kotelnikov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences (INEOS RAS), Moscow, Russia
| | - Bato A Baiminov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences (INEOS RAS), Moscow, Russia
| | - Egor S Afanasyev
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences (INEOS RAS), Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Yakov S Vygodskii
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences (INEOS RAS), Moscow, Russia
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Kelnar I, Kratochvíl J, Kaprálková L, Nevoralová M, Janata M, Fortelný I, Zhigunov A, Dybal J. Improvement of performance of a ductile/brittle polymer system by graphite nanoplatelets: effect of component coupling. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06611b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The upgrade of a PA/PS system based on the combination of reactive compatibilization of polymer components and their coupling with carbon nanoplatelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Kelnar
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Czech Academy of Science
- 162 06 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Kratochvíl
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Czech Academy of Science
- 162 06 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Kaprálková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Czech Academy of Science
- 162 06 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Martina Nevoralová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Czech Academy of Science
- 162 06 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Janata
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Czech Academy of Science
- 162 06 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Fortelný
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Czech Academy of Science
- 162 06 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Alexander Zhigunov
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Czech Academy of Science
- 162 06 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Dybal
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Czech Academy of Science
- 162 06 Prague
- Czech Republic
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27
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Rheological properties of graphene/nylon 6 nanocomposites prepared by masterbatch melt mixing. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-016-1144-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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28
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Rezanova N, Plavan V, Rezanova V, Budash Y, Bogatyrev V. Effect of nano-additives on the structure-formation in polymer mixture melts. Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.15407/polymerj.38.03.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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29
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Ye M, Zhu N, Ni Z, Dong W, Chen M. Preparation and characterization of innovative cellulose diacetate/epoxy resin blends modified by isophorone diamine. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ye
- Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Nianqing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Zhongbin Ni
- Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Weifu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Mingqing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi 214122 China
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