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Maurya AP, Brahmachari S. Association of hormonal and reproductive risk factors with breast cancer in Indian women: A systematic review of case-control studies. Indian J Cancer 2022; 0:358396. [PMID: 36861707 DOI: 10.4103/ijc.ijc_271_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of breast cancer in India has seen a rapid increase in recent years. Hormonal and reproductive risk factors for breast cancer have been affected by socioeconomic development. Studies on breast cancer risk factors in India are limited by the small sample size and specific geographical area. The current systematic review was carried out to assess the association of hormonal and reproductive risk factors with breast cancer in Indian women. A systematic review of MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane database of systematic reviews were done. Relevant case-control studies published in peer-reviewed indexed journals were analyzed for hormonal risk factors such as age at menarche, menopause, and first childbirth; breastfeeding; abortion; and oral contraceptive pills use. Younger age (<13 years) at menarche was associated with high risk (odds ratio 1.23-3.72). Other hormonal risk factors with strong association were age at first childbirth and menopause, parity, and duration of breastfeeding. Abortion and the use of contraceptive pills did not have a clear association with breast cancer. Hormonal risk factors have a higher association in premenopausal disease and estrogen receptor-positive tumors. There is a strong association between hormonal and reproductive risk factors and breast cancer in Indian women. The protective effect of breastfeeding is related to the cumulative duration of breastfeeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajeet P Maurya
- Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Swagata Brahmachari
- Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Fakhri N, Chad MA, Lahkim M, Houari A, Dehbi H, Belmouden A, El Kadmiri N. Risk factors for breast cancer in women: an update review. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:197. [PMID: 36071255 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01804-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Breast Cancer remains, according to the World Health Organization, the most complex disease cancer in 2021 in the world and the most common cause of death among women. Based on unequivocal scientific data, the establishment of an operative program for prevention could save lives of millions women suffering from breast cancer. In this update review, we highlight the major risk factors related to breast cancer investigated in women over the last 5 years. Thus, we clarify the involvement of these risk factors in the occurrence and growth of breast cancer. Investigations of 15 studies (n = 1,254,418; six case-control studies, five cohort studies, three prospective studies, and one meta-analysis) revealed that age, family history, obesity, use of oral contraceptives, status menopausal, smoking, alcohol consumption, lifestyle, and genetics factors are significantly linked to breast cancer. Additional studies are needed to corroborate these outcomes and initiate new practices aimed at preventing breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Fakhri
- Molecular Engineering, Biotechnology and Innovation Team, Geo-Bio -Environment Engineering and Innovation Laboratory, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, IBN ZOHR University, Hay El Mohammadi (Lastah) B.P: 271, 83000, Taroudannt City, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Amine Chad
- Molecular Engineering, Biotechnology and Innovation Team, Geo-Bio -Environment Engineering and Innovation Laboratory, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, IBN ZOHR University, Hay El Mohammadi (Lastah) B.P: 271, 83000, Taroudannt City, Morocco.,Regional Oncology Center, Souss Massa Region, Agadir city, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Lahkim
- Molecular Engineering, Biotechnology and Innovation Team, Geo-Bio -Environment Engineering and Innovation Laboratory, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, IBN ZOHR University, Hay El Mohammadi (Lastah) B.P: 271, 83000, Taroudannt City, Morocco.,Military Hospital of Rabat, Rabat City, Morocco
| | - Abdellah Houari
- Molecular Engineering, Biotechnology and Innovation Team, Geo-Bio -Environment Engineering and Innovation Laboratory, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, IBN ZOHR University, Hay El Mohammadi (Lastah) B.P: 271, 83000, Taroudannt City, Morocco
| | - Hind Dehbi
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Ibn Rochd University Hospital of Casablanca, Casablanca City, Morocco.,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathologies, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca City, Morocco
| | - Ahmed Belmouden
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, IBN ZOHR University, Agadir City, Morocco
| | - Nadia El Kadmiri
- Molecular Engineering, Biotechnology and Innovation Team, Geo-Bio -Environment Engineering and Innovation Laboratory, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, IBN ZOHR University, Hay El Mohammadi (Lastah) B.P: 271, 83000, Taroudannt City, Morocco.
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