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Tzora A, Voidarou C(C, Giannenas I, Bonos E, Fotou K, Nelli A, Grigoriadou K, Karamoutsios A, Basdagianni Z, Dokou S, Tsinas A, Skoufos I. Effects of Dietary Omega-3 Enrichment on the Chemical Composition and the Pathogenic Microbiota of Ovine Milk. Foods 2022; 11:foods11223736. [PMID: 36429328 PMCID: PMC9689586 DOI: 10.3390/foods11223736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The demand for ovine milk and ovine dairy products is constantly increasing due to their exceptional sensorial characteristics and their health benefits for consumers. However, dairy fat content and composition are of particular concern for consumers as well as the medical community, as there are risk factors for coronary disease, diabetes mellitus, cancer, and other serious diseases. For this reason, attempts have been made to control/regulate the fat composition of ovine milk by modifying sheep dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids. In this experimental trial, a group of sheep were fed for 30 days a diet enriched in flaxseeds and lupines, feed ingredients rich in omega-3 fatty acids, aiming to investigate the effects on fat composition and the microbiota of ovine milk. Chemical analysis of the collected milk showed that the omega-3 and omega-6 content was increased. On the opposite, the atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes decreased. Of importance was the semi-protective effect on the udder by the increased omega-3 dietary intake, as depicted by its impact on the biodiversity of the pathogenic microbiota. These findings suggest that ovine milk could be modified under specific conditions to be more appropriate for the consumption by people belonging to high-risk groups for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Tzora
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Food Hygiene and Quality, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 471 32 Arta, Greece
- Correspondence:
| | - Chrysoula (Chrysa) Voidarou
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Food Hygiene and Quality, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 471 32 Arta, Greece
| | - Ilias Giannenas
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Bonos
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Food Hygiene and Quality, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 471 32 Arta, Greece
| | - Konstantina Fotou
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Food Hygiene and Quality, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 471 32 Arta, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Nelli
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Food Hygiene and Quality, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 471 32 Arta, Greece
| | - Katerina Grigoriadou
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization—DEMETER, Thermi, 570 01 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Achilleas Karamoutsios
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Food Hygiene and Quality, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 471 32 Arta, Greece
| | - Zoitsa Basdagianni
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry, Department of Animal Production, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stella Dokou
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasios Tsinas
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Food Hygiene and Quality, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 471 32 Arta, Greece
| | - Ioannis Skoufos
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Food Hygiene and Quality, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 471 32 Arta, Greece
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Fontes AL, Pimentel LL, Simões CD, Gomes AMP, Rodríguez-Alcalá LM. Evidences and perspectives in the utilization of CLNA isomers as bioactive compounds in foods. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 57:2611-2622. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2015.1063478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana L. Fontes
- CBQF – Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina – Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lígia L. Pimentel
- CBQF – Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina – Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina D. Simões
- CBQF – Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina – Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana M. P. Gomes
- CBQF – Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina – Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís M. Rodríguez-Alcalá
- CBQF – Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina – Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad (CIRENYS), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago de Chile, Chile
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Li CP, Chang XJ, Fang L, Yao JB, Wang RW, Zhan ZJ, Ying YM, Shan WG. A New Rumenic Acid Derivative from the Roots of Cudrania tricuspidata. Chem Nat Compd 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-016-1594-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Rodríguez-Alcalá L, Alonso L, Fontecha J. Stability of fatty acid composition after thermal, high pressure, and microwave processing of cow milk as affected by polyunsaturated fatty acid concentration. J Dairy Sci 2014; 97:7307-15. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-7849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Martínez-Monteagudo SI, Saldaña MD. Modeling the retention kinetics of conjugated linoleic acid during high-pressure sterilization of milk. Food Res Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Trans-8,cis-10+cis-9,trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid mixture alters body composition in Syrian golden hamsters fed a hypercholesterolaemic diet. Br J Nutr 2010; 104:1443-9. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114510002345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) as a weight-loss nutraceutical continues to be debatable, suggesting that there may be value in exploring the physiological effects of the lesser-known isomers. The effects of the minor isomer,trans-8,cis-10 (t8,c10)-CLA, in the form of an equimolar mixture with thecis-9,trans-11 (c9,t11) isomer, on body weight and body composition, circulating glucose and lipid concentrations, and liver weights were studied in sixty male Syrian golden hamsters. Animals were randomised to receive for 28 d a semi-purified, hypercholesterolaemic diet (5 % dietary fat and 0·25 % cholesterol) supplemented at the 2 % level with either thet8,c10+c9,t11-CLA mixture,c9,t11-CLA ortrans-10,cis-12 (t10,c12)-CLA replacing lard and safflower-seed oil (control). Results show that compared with control, thet8,c10+c9,t11-CLA mixture andt10,c12-CLA-fed animals had lower (P < 0·0001) fat mass following supplementation. Animals consumingt10,c12-CLA also possessed higher lean mass compared with control andc9,t11-CLA groups (P < 0·001). However, the livers of these animals were larger (P < 0·0001) compared with those in the control and other CLA groups. Body weights of the hamsters did not differ across the experimental groups. CLA treatments had no effect on serum glucose or lipid profile, except for inducing higher (P < 0·05) non-HDL-cholesterol concentration witht10,c12-CLA compared with thec9,t11 isomer. Overall, these results indicate that in male hamsters fed a hypercholesterolaemic diet, thet8,c10+c9,t11-CLA mixture does not have an impact on blood lipid profile, but is able to effectively reduce fat mass, without incurring an accompanying liver enlargement.
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Joseph SV, Miller JR, McLeod RS, Jacques H. Effect of trans8, cis10+cis9, trans11 Conjugated Linoleic Acid Mixture on Lipid Metabolism in 3T3-L1 Cells. Lipids 2009; 44:613-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-009-3309-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2008] [Accepted: 04/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Blaško J, Kubinec R, Ostrovský I, Pavlíková E, Krupčík J, Soják L. Chemometric deconvolution of gas chromatographic unresolved conjugated linoleic acid isomers triplet in milk samples. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:2757-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2008] [Revised: 11/04/2008] [Accepted: 11/11/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Bissonauth V, Chouinard PY, Marin J, Leblanc N, Richard D, Jacques H. Altered Lipid Response in Hamsters Fed cis-9,trans-11+trans-8,cis-10 Conjugated Linoleic Acid Mixture. Lipids 2007; 43:251-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-007-3137-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2007] [Accepted: 11/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Rodríguez-Alcalá LM, Fontecha J. Hot Topic: Fatty Acid and Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) Isomer Composition of Commercial CLA-Fortified Dairy Products: Evaluation After Processing and Storage. J Dairy Sci 2007; 90:2083-90. [PMID: 17430905 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2006-693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) exerts a strong positive influence on human health but intake of these fatty acids is typically too low, and increased consumption of CLA is recommended. A good way to raise the CLA content in the diet without a radical change in eating habits seems to be the enrichment of commonly consumed food products with CLA supplements. This study analyzed the total fatty acid content and the CLA isomer composition of 6 commercially available CLA-fortified dairy products during processing and 10 wk of refrigerated storage. Research was carried out by combining gas chromatography and silver-ion HPLC. The tested samples were a CLA oil supplement, and several skim milk dairy products fortified with the supplement (milk, milk powder, fermented milk, yogurt, fresh cheese, and milk-juice blend). The CLA oil supplement was added such that the consumer received 2.4 g/d of CLA by consuming 2 servings. The predominant isomers present, C18:2 cis-9, trans-11 CLA and C18:2 cis-10, trans-12 CLA, were in at a similar ratio, which ranged from 0.97 to 1.05. These major isomers were not significantly affected by processing but a decrease in total CLA in fresh cheese samples was detected after 10 wk of refrigerated storage. Refrigerated storage and thermal treatment resulted in significant decreases or disappearance of some of the minor CLA isomers and a significant increase of trans, trans isomers from both cis, trans, trans, cis, and cis, cis isomers especially in CLA-fortified milk powder but also in fermented milk, yogurt, and milk-juice blend.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Rodríguez-Alcalá
- Department of Dairy Products, Instituto del Frío (CSIC), José Antonio Novais 10, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Luna P, Juárez M, de la Fuente MA. Conjugated linoleic acid content and isomer distribution during ripening in three varieties of cheeses protected with designation of origin. Food Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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