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Vazquez Belandria R, Denholm K, Pepler PT, Cook JG, Pinho P, Randi F, Viora L. Comparison of three reproductive management strategies for lactating dairy cows using combination of estrus detection or ovulation synchronization and Fixed-Timed Artificial Insemination. Anim Reprod Sci 2023; 257:107331. [PMID: 37717491 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the reproductive performance of lactating dairy cows submitted to first AI after combination of estrus detection and fixed timed AI (FTAI) and FTAI only. Cows were randomly assigned to receive AI at detected estrus between 50 and 70 d in milk (DIM), if not detected in estrus, were enrolled in either Ovsynch (ED-Ov, n = 485) or PRIDsynch (ED-PR, n = 505) protocols; or received FTAI at 80 DIM after Double-Ovsynch protocol (DO, n = 501). Cows were body condition scored (BCS) at calving and at 43 DIM; and evaluated for postpartum disorders within 7 d postpartum; clinical mastitis, lameness and bovine respiratory disease were recorded until first AI. Ovarian cyclicity was monitored at 43 and 50 DIM, and at 70 and 77 DIM. Pregnancy diagnoses (PD) were performed at 32 and 63 d after AI. Overall prevalence of postpartum anovulation was 7.8%. Pregnancy per AI (P/AI) did not differ between reproductive strategies at 32 d PD (ED-Ov = 43.2%; ED-PR = 41.7%; DO= 45.3%). Primiparous cows had greater P/AI than multiparous cows (53.7% vs 36.8%). Cows on farm 1 had lower P/AI compared with their counterparts on farm 2 (42.1% vs 45.4%). Cows with BCS > 2.5 at 43 DIM had greater P/AI compared with cows with BCS ≤ 2.5 (44.5% vs 34.7%). Similar P/AI for cow's receiving AI at detected estrus and FTAI, low prevalence of disease anovulation may have contributed to the similar performance of ED-Ov, ED-PR and DO.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Vazquez Belandria
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - K Denholm
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - P T Pepler
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - J G Cook
- World Wide Sires, Yew Tree House, Carleton, Carlisle, Cumbria CA1 3DP, UK
| | - P Pinho
- Ceva Sante Animale, Libourne, France
| | - F Randi
- Ceva Sante Animale, Libourne, France
| | - L Viora
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
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Hölper M, Bretzinger L, Randi F, Heuwieser W, Borchardt S. Effect of dose and frequency of prostaglandin F2α treatments during a 7-day Ovsynch protocol with an intravaginal progesterone releasing device on luteal regression and pregnancy outcomes in lactating Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci 2022; 106:755-768. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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LAKSHMIKANTAN U, VADIVOO VS, GEETHA T, MATHIVANAN R. Effect of progesterone coated nano fibre dermal patch (ProSync-NF) on cattle diagnosed with Anestrus and silent or unobserved estrus. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v91i1.113217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Transdermal Progesterone therapy for the treatment of True and False anestrus was evaluated by using the product ProSync-nano fibre (NF) dermal patch. Eighteen (N = 18) randomly selected animals from different dairy farms during the farm visit by this centre were used for the study. The animals which were reported to be not exhibiting estrus signs even after prolonged postpartum period were designated into three groups. Group I (n = 7) had no palpable ovarian structures treated with ProSync-NF alone, Group II (n = 9) had corpus luteum, treated with ProSync-NF + PGF2 and Group III (n = 2) animals were diagnosed as having cyst were also treated with ProSync-NF + PGF2. Group III animals which were diagnosed with cystic condition did not respond to ProSync-NF therapy. Out of eighteen animals totally used in this study fifteen (83.3%) animals evinced estrus after the treatment with ProSync-NF. Out of fifteen, nine (60%) and six (40%) animals showed estrus around 3 days (72 h) and 5 days (120 h) after dermal patch removal. Overall, out of the 18 animals treated with ‘ProSync–NF’ dermal patch, ten cows (55.5%) conceived which indicates fertile estrus induction at the first service. Moreover, the clinical problem like vaginitis would not occur when using dermal route Progesterone therapy. Hence it could be concluded that ‘ProSync-NF’ dermal patch could be effectively used to induce estrus in anestrus cows.
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Masello M, Ren Y, Erickson D, Giordano J. An automated controlled-release device for intravaginal hormone delivery. JDS COMMUNICATIONS 2020; 1:15-20. [PMID: 36340429 PMCID: PMC9623694 DOI: 10.3168/jdsc.2020-18816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Our objective was to develop and validate an electronically controlled hormone-delivery device for reproductive control of cattle. After development and in vitro testing of a prototype device for intravaginal (IVG) hormone release, we aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of inducing luteal regression by automated treatment with PGF2α. The IVG device comprises an outer 3D-printed plastic housing, fluid reservoirs connected to delivery pumps and tubing, a programmable circuit board, and a retention mechanism. For in vitro testing, 4 pumps were programmed to release different target volumes (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mL) in 4 replicates (n = 80). A Bland-Altman plot was constructed to assess the magnitude of disagreement between expected and delivered volumes. Observations fell within acceptable limits of agreement (1.96 standard deviations) >95% of the time, indicating overall good agreement (mean difference = -0.005 mL). To assess in vivo performance of the IVG device, lactating Holstein cows with at least 1 corpus luteum ≥15 mm in diameter were randomly allocated to 1 of 3 treatments: (1) IM-PGF (n = 6): two 25-mg intramuscular doses of PGF2α 24 h apart; (2) DEV-PGF (n = 6): four 25-mg doses of PGF2α released automatically by the IVG device at 10- or 12-h intervals; and (3) DEV-CTL (n = 4): insertion of an empty IVG device (placebo control). Blood samples were collected at 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 72 h after treatment. Data were analyzed by ANOVA with repeated measures. All devices (10/10) remained in situ until removed at 48 h. Progesterone (P4) concentrations from 0 to 72 h were affected by treatment, time, and their interaction. Concentrations of P4 did not differ at time 0 but differed from 24 to 72 h: cows in IM-PGF and DEV-PGF had lesser P4 than cows in DEV-CTL. Conversely, P4 did not differ for IM-PGF and DEV-PGF during the experiment. We conclude that the current IVG hormone-releasing device prototype can be programmed to automatically release PGF2α for successful induction of luteal regression in lactating dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Masello
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Y. Ren
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - D. Erickson
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - J.O. Giordano
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
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Yu GM, Wu Y, Wang XL, Zhao S, Maeda T, Zeng SM. Evaluation of three hormonal protocols for anovulatory lactating cows under regulations restricting the use of estrogenic compounds. Anim Sci J 2018; 89:640-647. [PMID: 29318710 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
When European Union regulations restricted the use of estrogenic compounds in food-producing animals, refined hormonal protocols were no longer applicable for anovulatory cows. However, Ovsynch and its adaptations are routinely and uniformly applied to all cows regardless of ovarian function. To evaluate their efficacy on anovulatory cows, 143, 147 and 144 anovulatory cows received Ovsynch, Presynch and G6G protocols, respectively. In comparison, 150 cyclic cows were bred without using a synchronized protocol. Results showed that cows in the Presynch group had luteolysis responding to the last prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α ) injection greater than the Ovsynch group. The serous progesterone levels at the first gonadotropin-releasing hormone of Ovsych and the last PGF2α injection was greater in the G6G group than the other two hormonal treatment groups. Concentrations of Ca2+ and total protein in cervical mucus in all three hormone-treated groups before artificial insemination (AI) were significantly different from the controls. The G6G group obtained a greater pregnancy rate compared with Ovsynch and Presynch, but significantly less than the controls. For open cows in the Ovsynch group, estrus rate within 24 days after the first AI was significantly less than the controls. In conclusion, the G6G treatment resulted to better reproductive performance in anovulatory cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Min Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Bioresource Science, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yue Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xian-Long Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuan Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Teruo Maeda
- Department of Bioresource Science, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shen-Ming Zeng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Santos V, Carvalho P, Maia C, Carneiro B, Valenza A, Crump P, Fricke P. Adding a second prostaglandin F2α treatment to but not reducing the duration of a PRID-Synch protocol increases fertility after resynchronization of ovulation in lactating Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:3869-3879. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-10557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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van Werven T, Waldeck F, Souza A, Floch S, Englebienne M. Comparison of two intravaginal progesterone releasing devices (PRID-Delta vs CIDR) in dairy cows: Blood progesterone profile and field fertility. Anim Reprod Sci 2013; 138:143-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Andringa MFA, Van Eerdenburg FJCM, Fernández E, García S, Cavestany D. Comparison between two progesterone sources and two oestradiol formulations in a Heatsynch protocol for postpartum cycling dairy cows in pasture. J Vet Sci 2013; 14:161-6. [PMID: 23628660 PMCID: PMC3694187 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2013.14.2.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To compare an injectable progesterone (MAD-4) with an intravaginal device (IPD), and natural O17 with synthetic oestradiol (OB) in a synchronisation protocol, 51 cows were divided into four groups. Each group was treated with one of the two sources of progesterone and one of the two oestradiol formulations. Oestrus behaviour, follicle diameter, and pregnancy rates were evaluated. Oestrus behaviour (p = 0.902), numbers of cows in oestrus (p = 0.917), follicle diameter (p = 0.416), and pregnancy rates (p = 0.873) were similar among the four groups. More cows in the group treated with the IPD and OB scored > 200 oestrus behaviour points compared to the other groups (p = 0.038). A longer interval between the end of treatment and oestrus was observed among cows treated with MAD-4 than cows given the IPD (p = 0.030), but no differences were found between animals receiving the two oestradiol formulations (OB and O17). While the use of MAD-4 requires further testing, similar responses to natural oestradiol observed in the present study could allow the use of this formulation in reproductive protocols because it is not associated with the potential human health risks of OB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten F A Andringa
- Department of Herd Health and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, Utrecht 80125, The Netherlands
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Fischer-Tenhagen C, von Krueger X, Heuwieser W. Short communication: Evaluation of vaginal discharge following treatment with a progesterone insert. J Dairy Sci 2012; 95:4447-51. [PMID: 22818458 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2011-5224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 04/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Yellowish discharge after application of intravaginal progesterone releasing inserts is frequently observed in cows. The objective of this study was to compare the bacteriological contamination of the vagina and uterus before and after a treatment with a progesterone insert in heifers. Forty-two Holstein heifers received a progesterone releasing insert [Eazi-Breed controlled internal drug release (CIDR) insert; Pfizer Animal Health, Berlin, Germany] for 7d. The protruding tail had been removed from half of the inserts (no tail group: n=21; tail group: n=21). Nine heifers from the tail group lost the insert within the 7-d treatment interval and were excluded. Heifers identified in estrus were artificially inseminated on d 9 or 10. Vaginal discharge was scored on a 4-point scale [vaginal discharge score (VDS) 0 to 3] and vaginal swabs were taken for bacteriological examination on d 0 and 7 and the day of artificial insemination (AI). Furthermore, cytological and bacteriological samples were obtained from the uterus on d 7 and the day of AI. On d 0, coliforms and Streptococcus spp. were found in vaginal swabs of 21 heifers (64%). On d 7, all heifers showed purulent vaginal discharge (VDS 2 to 3). The VDS was higher in the tail group compared with the no tail group. Arcanobacterium pyogenes, coliforms, and Streptococcus spp. were isolated from the vaginal swabs in 32 of 33 (96%) heifers on d 7. On the day of AI, VDS had improved to 0 or 1 in 96% of the heifers. However, A. pyogenes, coliforms, and Streptococcus spp. were still isolated in 17 of 33 (53%) heifers from the vagina and in 32 of 33 (96%) heifers from the endometrium. Endometrial cytology revealed polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) in 11 heifers (6 to 32% PMN). Five samples exceeded the threshold of 5% PMN, and 2 samples exceeded the 10% PMN threshold, indicative of subclinical endometritis. In conclusion, pyogenic bacteria were found in the vagina and uterus on d 7 and the day of AI after intravaginal progesterone treatment. The severity of the discharge was affected by the protruding tail of the insert.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fischer-Tenhagen
- Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany
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DesCôteaux L, Gnemmi G, Colloton J. Ultrasonography of the Bovine Female Genital Tract. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 2009; 25:733-52, Table of Contents. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2009.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Factors affecting the response to the specific treatment of several forms of clinical anestrus in high producing dairy cows. Theriogenology 2008; 69:1095-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2007] [Revised: 01/23/2008] [Accepted: 01/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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