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Armbruster R, Wilson N, Elliott MA, Liu F, Benyard B, Jacobs P, Swain A, Nanga RPR, Reddy R. Repeatability of Lac+ measurements in healthy human brain at 3 T. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2024:e5158. [PMID: 38584133 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.5158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE In vivo quantification of lactate has numerous applications in studying the pathology of both cerebral and musculoskeletal systems. Due to its low concentration (~0.5-1 mM), and overlap with lipid signals, traditional 1H MR spectra acquired in vivo using a small voxel and short echo time often result in an inadequate signal to detect and resolve the lactate peak, especially in healthy human volunteers. METHODS In this study, using a semi-LASER acquisition with long echo time (TE = 288 ms) and large voxel size (80 × 70 × 20 mm3), we clearly visualize the combined signal of lactate and threonine. Therefore, we call the signal at 1.33 ppm Lac+ and quantify Lac+ concentration from water suppressed spectra in healthy human brains in vivo. Four participants (22-37 years old; mean age = 28 ± 5.4; three male, one female) were scanned on four separate days, and on each day four measurements were taken. Intra-day values are calculated for each participant by comparing the four measurements on a single day. Inter-day values were calculated using the mean intra-day measurements. RESULTS The mean intra-participant Lac+ concentration, standard deviation (SD), and coefficient of variation (CV) ranged from 0.49 to 0.61 mM, 0.02 to 0.07 mM, and 4% to 13%, respectively, across four volunteers. The inter-participant Lac+ concentration, SD, and CV was 0.53 mM, ±0.06 mM, and 11%. CONCLUSION Repeatability is shown in Lac+ measurement in healthy human brain using a long echo time semi-LASER sequence with a large voxel in about 3.5 min at 3 T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Armbruster
- Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Neil Wilson
- Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mark A Elliott
- Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Blake Benyard
- Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Paul Jacobs
- Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anshuman Swain
- Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ravi Prakash Reddy Nanga
- Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ravinder Reddy
- Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Kim TH, Jun HY, Kim KJ, Lee YH, Lee MS, Choi KH, Yun KJ, Jeong YY, Jun CH, Cho EY, Yoon KH. Hepatic Alanine Differentiates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis From Simple Steatosis in Humans and Mice: A Proton MR Spectroscopy Study With Long Echo Time. J Magn Reson Imaging 2017; 46:1298-1310. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Hoon Kim
- Imaging Science Research Center; Wonkwang University; Iksan Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Young Jun
- Imaging Science Research Center; Wonkwang University; Iksan Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Jong Kim
- Department of Radiology; Wonkwang University School of Medicine; Iksan Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hwan Lee
- Imaging Science Research Center; Wonkwang University; Iksan Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology; Wonkwang University School of Medicine; Iksan Republic of Korea
| | - Myeung Su Lee
- Imaging Science Research Center; Wonkwang University; Iksan Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine; Wonkwang University School of Medicine; Iksan Republic of Korea
| | - Keum Ha Choi
- Department of Pathology; Wonkwang University School of Medicine; Iksan Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Jung Yun
- Department of Pathology; Wonkwang University School of Medicine; Iksan Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Yeon Jeong
- Department of Radiology; Chonnam National University Medical School; Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Chung Hwan Jun
- Department of Internal Medicine; Chonnam National University Hospital; Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine; Wonkwang University School of Medicine; Iksan Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon-Ha Yoon
- Imaging Science Research Center; Wonkwang University; Iksan Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology; Wonkwang University School of Medicine; Iksan Republic of Korea
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Key concepts in MR spectroscopy and practical approaches to gaining biochemical information in children. Pediatr Radiol 2016; 46:941-51. [PMID: 27233787 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-014-3204-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) provides independent biochemical information and has become an invaluable adjunct to MRI and other imaging modalities. This review introduces key concepts and presents basic methodological steps regarding the acquisition and the interpretation of proton MRS. We review major brain metabolites and discuss MRS dependence on age, location, echo time and field strength.
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