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Natural products and other inhibitors of F 1F O ATP synthase. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 207:112779. [PMID: 32942072 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
F1FO ATP synthase is responsible for the production of >95% of all ATP synthesis within the cell. Dysregulation of its expression, activity or localization is linked to various human diseases including cancer, diabetes, and Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. In addition, ATP synthase is a novel and viable drug target for the development of antimicrobials as evidenced by bedaquiline, which was approved in 2012 for the treatment of tuberculosis. Historically, natural products have been a rich source of ATP synthase inhibitors that help unravel the role of F1FO ATP synthase in cellular bioenergetics. During the last decade, new modulators of ATP synthase have been discovered through the isolation of novel natural products as well as through a ligand-based drug design process. In addition, new data has been obtained with regards to the structure and function of ATP synthase under physiological and pathological conditions. Crystal structure studies have provided a significant insight into the rotary function of the enzyme and may provide additional opportunities to design a new generation of inhibitors. This review provides an update on recently discovered ATP synthase modulators as well as an update on existing scaffolds.
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Pelegrina LT, de Los Ángeles Sanhueza M, Ramona Cáceres AR, Cuello-Carrión D, Rodriguez CE, Laconi MR. Effect of progesterone and first evidence about allopregnanolone action on the progression of epithelial human ovarian cancer cell lines. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 196:105492. [PMID: 31614205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian carcinoma is one of the most common cause of death by gynecologic cancer. Several epidemiological and in vitro studies have shown controversial data about progesterone effects in ovarian cancer. Progesterone can be converted in its active metabolite, allopregnanolone, its effects in ovarian cancer are still unknown. Previously, we demonstrated that allopregnanolone modifies ovarian morphophysiology, being able to alter critical process of tumor development such as proliferation, apoptosis and angiogenesis. Taking into account these antecedents, we investigated the effect of progesterone and allopregnanolone on proliferation, apoptosis, clonogenic capacity and migration on two epithelial human ovarian cancer cell lines, IGROV-1 and SKOV-3. To this end, IGROV-1 and SKOV-3 cells were exposed to a range of progesterone and allopregnanolone concentrations (10-11 to 10-5 M) for 72 h. Proliferation was analyzed by MTT and Ki67 expression. Apoptosis was measured by immunocytochemistry of cleaved caspase 3. Clonogenic capacity was evaluated by counting colonies. Migration was analyzed by wound assay. We found that allopregnanolone increased proliferation and Ki67 expression respect to control on IGROV-1 cells, while expression of cleaved caspase 3 did not change in any cell line studied. IGROV-1 clonogenic capacity was also increased by allopregnanolone treatment. Both steroids, progesterone and allopregnanolone, increased IGROV-1 migration in a concentration dependent manner. None of the steroids tested modified SKOV-3 biological behavior analized. This is the first evidence that allopregnanolone, a progesterone metabolite, affects critical events in tumor development of human epithelial ovarian cancer. These results could have an impact in the future in clinic diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of ovarian cancer patients. The regulation of progesterone and allopregnanolone steroideogenesis and their molecular mechanisms might be considered as potential therapeutic tool in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tatiana Pelegrina
- Laboratorio de Fisio-patología ovárica, Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental (IMBECU)- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina; Universidad Juan Agustín Maza, Mendoza, Argentina.d- Hospital de Oncología Angel Roffo. CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María de Los Ángeles Sanhueza
- Laboratorio de Fisio-patología ovárica, Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental (IMBECU)- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Antonella Rosario Ramona Cáceres
- Laboratorio de Fisio-patología ovárica, Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental (IMBECU)- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina; Universidad Juan Agustín Maza, Mendoza, Argentina.d- Hospital de Oncología Angel Roffo. CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Dario Cuello-Carrión
- Laboratorio de Fisio-patología ovárica, Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental (IMBECU)- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Cristina Elisa Rodriguez
- Universidad Juan Agustín Maza, Mendoza, Argentina.d- Hospital de Oncología Angel Roffo. CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Myriam Raquel Laconi
- Laboratorio de Fisio-patología ovárica, Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental (IMBECU)- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina.
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Qiu ZK, Liu X, Tang D, Zhang Z, Fan QH, Pan YY, Chen YY, Huang MY, Zhu T, Wang YL, Cheng XF, Chen JS. Cytoprotective effects of paeoniflorin are associated with translocator protein 18 kDa. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:19-23. [PMID: 30075369 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Paeoniflorin (PF) is one of the important active components in peony that are known to produce the neuroprotective effects. However, the involved cytoprotective factors on brain astrocytes are remain unclear. Translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) and its downstream neurosteroids biosynthesis play a significant role in cytoprotection. Based on these, the role of TSPO and neurosteroids biosynthesis in the cytoprotective effects of PF is evaluated. The astrocyte cells were cultured and AC-5216 (TSPO ligand) was selected as the positive control drug. The cytoprotective effects of PF and the levels of neurosteroids were quantified by water-soluble tetrazolium assay and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The cytoprotective activities of PF were relevant to neurosteroids (e.g. progsterone and allopregnanolone) biosynthesis, while these effects were totally blocked by PK11195, trilostane and finasteride, respectively. In summary, the cytoprotective effects of PF maybe mediated by TSPO and neurosteroids biosynthesis. The findings may provide the new insights into the cytoprotective effects of PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Kun Qiu
- Pharmaceutical Department of The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Clinical Pharmacy Department of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Xu Liu
- Pharmacy Department of General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Dan Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Qing-Hong Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Yun-Yun Pan
- Pharmaceutical Department of The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Clinical Pharmacy Department of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Ying-Yu Chen
- Pharmaceutical Department of The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Clinical Pharmacy Department of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Mei-Yan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Pharmaceutical Department of The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Clinical Pharmacy Department of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Yu-Lu Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, PR China
| | - Xiao-Fang Cheng
- Tuina and Pain Management Department, Shenzhen LongGang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Shenzhen Hospital), Shenzhen 518172, PR China.
| | - Ji-Sheng Chen
- Pharmaceutical Department of The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Clinical Pharmacy Department of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.
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Derivatives of the pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine acetamide DPA-713 as translocator protein (TSPO) ligands and pro-apoptotic agents in human glioblastoma. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 96:186-192. [PMID: 27658888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The 18kDa translocator protein (TSPO) is a target for novel glioblastoma therapies due to its upregulation in this cancer and relatively low levels of expression in the healthy cortex. The pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine acetamides, exemplified by DPA-713 and DPA-714, are a class of high affinity TSPO ligands with selectivity over the central benzodiazepine receptor. In this study we have explored the potential anti-glioblastoma activity of a library of DPA-713 and DPA-714 analogues, and investigated the effect of amending the alkyl ether chain on TSPO affinity and functional potential. All ligands demonstrated nanomolar affinity for TSPO, but showed diverse functional activity, for example DPA-713 and DPA-714 did not affect the proliferation or viability of human T98G glioblastoma cells, while the hexyl ether and benzyl ether derivatives decreased proliferation of T98G cells without affecting proliferation in human fetal glial SVGp12 cells. These ligands also induced apoptosis and dissipated T98G mitochondrial membrane potential. This suggests that the nature of the alkyl ether chain of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine acetamides has little influence on TSPO affinity but is important for functional activity of this class of TSPO ligands.
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