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Yu J, Chen W, Xie W, Chen R, Lin D, You W, Ye W, Zhang H, Lin D, Xu J. Silencing of the CrkL gene reverses the doxorubicin resistance of K562/ADR cells through regulating PI3K/Akt/MRP1 signaling. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23817. [PMID: 34114685 PMCID: PMC8373353 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin is a first-line chemotherapy agent on human myelogenous leukemia clinical treatment, but the development of chemoresistance has largely limited curative effect. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the biological function and molecular mechanisms of CrkL to Doxorubicin resistance. METHODS Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) assay was performed to examine the expression of CrkL in K562 and K562/ADR cells. The expression of CrkL was silenced through RNA interference technology. MTT assay and flow cytometry were performed to detect the proliferation inhibition and apoptosis rate after CrkL siRNA transfection. The protein expression changes of PI3K/AKT/MRP1 pathway induced by CrkL siRNA were observed by Western Blot assay. Xenograft tumor model was carried out to observe tumor growth in vivo. RESULTS We observed that silencing of CrkL could effectively increase apoptosis rate induced by doxorubicin and dramatically reversed doxorubicin resistance in K562/ADR cells. Further studies revealed knockdown CrkL expression suppressed PI3K/Akt/MRP1 signaling, which indicated CrkL siRNA reversed doxorubicin effect through regulating PI3K/Akt/MRP1 pathway. In addition, overexpression of MRP1 could evidently reduce apoptosis rate and reversed the inhibitory effects of doxorubicin resistance caused by CrkL siRNA on K562/ADR cells. Finally, in vivo experiments revealed that CrkL silencing acted a tumor-suppressing role in myelogenous leukemia via regulating PI3K/Akt/MRP1 signaling. CONCLUSION Together, we indicated that CrkL is up-regulated in myelogenous leukemia cells and silencing of CrkL could reverse Doxorubicin resistance effectively. These results show a potential novel strategy for intervention chemoresistance in myelogenous leukemia during chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Yu
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryFuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Wen‐XU Chen
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryFuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Wen‐Jing Xie
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryFuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Rong‐Wei Chen
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryFuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Dan‐Qi Lin
- Department of Pharmacy clinical PharmacyFuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Wei‐Wei You
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryFuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Wei‐Lin Ye
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryFuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Hong‐Qin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy clinical PharmacyFuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Dong‐Hong Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory MedicineFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Jian‐Ping Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory MedicineFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
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Liu X, Hu Y, Yu B, Peng K, Gan X. CRKL is a critical target of Hh-GLI2 pathway in lung adenocarcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:6280-6288. [PMID: 34076957 PMCID: PMC8256351 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the important components of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and leads to many deaths every year. During the initiation and progression of the LUAD, the Hh-GLI2 pathway plays critical roles. Several components of this pathway have been shown to be amplified or overexpressed in LUAD, providing this pathway as an attractive target for therapeutics. However, a gap in our understanding of the Hh-GLI2 pathway is the identity of transcriptional targets of GLI2 that drive LUAD tumorigenesis. Here, we show that the oncogene CRKL is a direct target of GLI2. GLI2 turns on CRKL transcription through binding its second intron. Furthermore, CRKL is an essential mediator for GLI2-driven proliferation and migration of LUAD cells. Depletion of CRKL blunts Hh-GLI2 pathway-mediated cell proliferation and invasion. Lastly, we find that CRKL knockout cells are more sensitive to EGFR-TKI and chemotherapeutics. Taken together, our work here identifies a specific target for Hh-related malignancies and provides CRKL as a promising therapeutic target for LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Bentong Yu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Kai Peng
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Xin Gan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical CareThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
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Kostrzewska-Poczekaj M, Bednarek K, Jarmuz-Szymczak M, Bodnar M, Filas V, Marszalek A, Bartochowska A, Grenman R, Kiwerska K, Szyfter K, Giefing M. Copy number gains of the putative CRKL oncogene in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma result in strong nuclear expression of the protein and influence cell proliferation and migration. Sci Rep 2020; 10:24. [PMID: 31913340 PMCID: PMC6949282 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56870-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma is a major medical problem worldwide. Although our understanding of genetic changes and their consequences in laryngeal cancer has opened new therapeutic pathways over the years, the diagnostic as well as treatment options still need to be improved. In our previous study, we identified CRKL (22q11) as a novel putative oncogene overexpressed and amplified in a subset of LSCC tumors and cell lines. Here we analyze to what extent CRKL DNA copy number gains correlate with the higher expression of CRKL protein by performing IHC staining of the respective protein in LSCC cell lines (n = 3) and primary tumors (n = 40). Moreover, the importance of CRKL gene in regard to proliferation and motility of LSCC cells was analyzed with the application of RNA interference (siRNA). Beside the physiological cytoplasmic expression, the analysis of LSCC tumor samples revealed also nuclear expression of CRKL protein in 10/40 (25%) cases, of which three (7.5%), presented moderate or strong nuclear expression. Similarly, we observed a shift towards aberrantly strong nuclear abundance of the CRKL protein in LSCC cell lines with gene copy number amplifications. Moreover, siRNA mediated silencing of CRKL gene in the cell lines showing its overexpression, significantly reduced proliferation (p < 0.01) as well as cell migration (p < 0.05) rates. Altogether, these results show that the aberrantly strong nuclear localization of CRKL is a seldom but recurrent phenomenon in LSCC resulting from the increased DNA copy number and overexpression of the gene. Moreover, functional analyses suggest that proliferation and migration of the tumor cells depend on CRKL expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kinga Bednarek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Jarmuz-Szymczak
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland.,Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Bodnar
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland.,Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Violeta Filas
- Department of Oncologic Pathology and Prophylaxis, Poznan University of Medical Sciences & Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Marszalek
- Department of Oncologic Pathology and Prophylaxis, Poznan University of Medical Sciences & Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Bartochowska
- Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Reidar Grenman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Turku University Central Hospital and Turku University, Turku, Finland
| | - Katarzyna Kiwerska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland.,Department of Tumor Pathology, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznan, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Szyfter
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Giefing
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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