Development of experimental microfluidic device and methodology for assessing microrheological properties of blood

Impact of different severity hyperglycemia on erythrocyte rheological properties1

BACKGROUND

The triad "insulin resistance, prediabetes, diabetes" is three independent neologies with characteristic features and development. In addition, each are characterized by progression and the possibility of transition from one form to other. Due to the fact that diabetes is one of the common diseases associated with high rates of disability, it is necessary to improve diagnostic methods and educational regimens for successful prevention and treatment of the disease.

OBJECTIVE

We investigated Band 3 protein (B3p) level, osmotic resistance of erythrocytes, the total antioxidant activity (TAA) of blood serum, level of HbA1 in group patients with insulin resistance (IR), prediabetes, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and comparative with health control group.

METHODS

We used original, accurate research methods that measure the essence of the studied quantities.

RESULTS

Disruptions of glucose and insulin homeostasis ay lead to the initiation of oxidative stress (in our study demonstrated by a decrease of TAA of blood serum) increased redox-sensitive PTP activity and aberrant band 3 phosphorylation, potentially leading to reduced erythrocyte deformability. At the same time glycation of Hb during T2DM may affect its cross-link with membrane proteins, in particular with B3p, and although appears to limit its cross-linking and decrease its clusterization ability, induces alterations in the cytoskeletal matrix, and thereby decrease erythrocytes' osmotic resistance making them more susceptible to hemolysis.

CONCLUSIONS

The osmotic resistance of the erythrocytes can be used as a sensitive marker for the detection of the early stages of hyperglycemia (prediabetes). This set of clinical trials will make it possible to identify diseases that make up the triad at an early stage. Early detection of disorders and continued research in this direction will help in the development of a diagnostic scheme for the prevention of such patients. Based on our data, research into anti-oxidation drugs is very important. With the help of the array of studies described in the article and antioxidant treatment, the likelihood of successful treatment will increase.

Investigation of hemorheological parameters in patients with major depressive disorder

BACKGROUND

Hemorheological parameters have been reported to be altered in cardiovascular disease. Major depression has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

OBJECTIVE

Our hypothesis is that hemorheological parameters are disturbed in major depressive disorder.

METHODS

Major depressive disorder and control groups consisted of 50 subjects. Plasma viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation, erythrocyte deformability, hematological parameters and hematological parameters were examined.

RESULTS

Plasma viscosity was statistically significantly higher, erythrocyte elongation index at 0.53 Pa and 0.95 Pa was lower, and MCV, MCH, and MCHC values were also lower in the major depression group (P <  0.05). Elongation index and plasma viscosity were correlated with depressive symptomatology.

CONCLUSIONS

The increased plasma viscosity and decreased elongation index of erythrocytes indicate an unfavorable hemorheological situation in patients with major depressive disorder compared with healthy controls. The results of this study confirm the findings of studies finding a potential threat to cardiovascular health from major depressive disorder. Increased plasma viscosity and decreased erythrocyte elongation index in depressed patients may be risk factors for cardiovascular events and provide data on the causality of the association between depression and cardiovascular disease.

The effects of large-volume leukapheresis on hemoglobin, platelet and coagulation in patients with hyperleukocytic leukemia

INTRODUCTION

This study retrospectively analyzed a total of 86 leukapheresis treatments in 55 patients with hyperleukocytic leukemia (HLL).

METHODS

In the leukapheresis treatments, the monitoring collection (MNC) program in COBE spectra continuous flow centrifuge (CFC) for blood component separator was used.

RESULTS

In this study, the white blood cell (WBC) suspension volume collected in leukapheresis treatment were 870.72±208.40 mL, and significantly larger than that reported in previous study. Compared with before leukapheresis, there were no difference in patient with HLL on the peripheral blood platelet (PLT) count and hemoglobin (HGB) levels. The index plasma fibrinogen (FIB) concentration was slightly reduced by leukapheresis, however, it did not affect a lot the maintenance of normal hemostatic function in patients with HLL.

DISCUSSION

Our data provided evidences that large-volume leukapheresis had no obvious effects on HGB level and coagulation functions in patient with HLL. So large-volume leukapheresis by CFC could be widely used in clinic.