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De Simone MS, Lombardi MG, De Tollis M, Perri R, Fadda L, Caltagirone C, Carlesimo GA. Forgetting rate for the familiarity and recollection components of recognition in amnestic mild cognitive impairment: A longitudinal study. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2024; 31:1411-1423. [PMID: 36264763 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2135441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Here we aimed to investigate the rate of forgetting of the familiarity and recollection components of recognition in patients at the onset of medial temporal lobe (MTL) pathology and destined to convert to Alzheimer's disease (AD). For this purpose, we conducted a longitudinal study of 13 patients who were diagnosed with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (a-MCI) at the first assessment and followed-up for 3 years. During this time, five patients converted to AD and eight remained in a stable condition of cognitive impairment. A group of 15 healthy subjects were enrolled as the control group (HC). In order to separately quantify the contribution of recollection and familiarity to recognition memory performance, the experimental sample was submitted to a modified version of Huppert and Piercy's procedure that included a Remember/Know paradigm. Data demonstrated that both stable and converter a-MCI patients forgot memory traces relative to the familiarity components of recognition at the same rate as HC. Conversely, converter a-MCI patients showed accelerated long-term forgetting specifically for the recollection component of recognition compared to stable a-MCI and HC. This is the first empirical demonstration that familiarity and recollection components of declarative memory are subject to different rates of forgetting in a-MCI patients as a function of their longitudinal clinical outcome. Our finding of accelerated long-term forgetting of the recollection component of recognition disclosed by converter a-MCI patients suggests that atrophy in the MTL not only interferes with the storage aspects but also disrupts the consolidation of memory traces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Stefania De Simone
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology of Memory, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Lombardi
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology of Memory, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo De Tollis
- Technology and Training Methods for Disability Care Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Perri
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology of Memory, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Fadda
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology of Memory, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Caltagirone
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology of Memory, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Technology and Training Methods for Disability Care Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Augusto Carlesimo
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology of Memory, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
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Yuan M, Rong M, Long X, Lian S, Fang Y. Trajectories of cognitive decline in different domains prior to AD onset in persons with mild cognitive impairment. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 122:105375. [PMID: 38431989 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2024.105375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the trajectories and the change-points of global and five domain-specific cognitive functions before the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS Data was retrieved from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative with follow-up from 2005 to 2022. Participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) at baseline and those who progressed to AD during follow-up were included. The time of AD onset was defined as the visit time when participant was first diagnosed as AD during follow-up. Global and five domain-specific cognitive functions (immediate memory, visuospatial ability, language, processing speed and executive function) were assessed by Mini-Mental State Examination, Immediate recalling trials of Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Clock Drawing Test, Animal Fluency Test, Part A and B of Trail Making Test, respectively. Their trajectories and change-points before AD onset were explored by generalized additive mixed models and piecewise linear regression models, respectively. RESULTS 349 participants were diagnosed as MCI at baseline and converted to AD during follow-up, who were included in this study. They had been visited on an average of 4.6 times (SD = 2.1, range = 2.0-13.0), with a total of 1593 visits. Their mean baseline age and AD onset age were 74.4 (SD = 6.4, range = 60.0-88.4) and 77.0 (SD = 6.8, range = 60.5-94.7) years, respectively. Baseline age and educational year were significantly associated with global cognitive, immediate memory, language and executive function. Men presented better global cognitive function (β = 0.54, p < 0.05) but poorer immediate memory (β = -1.72, p < 0.05) than women. Immediate memory and visuospatial ability showed the earliest change-points at 4 years before the onset of AD (Note as T-4years), followed by language (T-3.5years), executive function (T-2.5 years), processing speed (T-2.0 years), and finally the global cognitive function (T-1.5years). CONCLUSIONS The trajectories of the six neuropsychological scores were non-linear and showed deterioration in functions over time. Immediate memory and visuospatial ability showed the earliest change-points prior to AD onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manqiong Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, China
| | - Meng Rong
- Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, China
| | - Xianxian Long
- Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, China
| | - Shuli Lian
- Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, China
| | - Ya Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, China.
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Jauregi Zinkunegi A, Bruno D, Betthauser TJ, Koscik RL, Asthana S, Chin NA, Hermann BP, Johnson SC, Mueller KD. A comparison of story-recall metrics to predict hippocampal volume in older adults with and without cognitive impairment. Clin Neuropsychol 2024; 38:453-470. [PMID: 37349970 PMCID: PMC10739621 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2023.2223389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Process-based scores of episodic memory tests, such as the recency ratio (Rr), have been found to compare favourably to, or to be better than, most conventional or "traditional" scores employed to estimate memory ability in older individuals (Bock et al., 2021; Bruno et al., 2019). We explored the relationship between process-based scores and hippocampal volume in older adults, while comparing process-based to traditional story recall-derived scores, to examine potential differences in their predictive abilities. Methods: We analysed data from 355 participants extracted from the WRAP and WADRC databases, who were classified as cognitively unimpaired, or exhibited mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia. Story Recall was measured with the Logical Memory Test (LMT) from the Weschler Memory Scale Revised, collected within twelve months of the magnetic resonance imaging scan. Linear regression analyses were conducted with left or right hippocampal volume (HV) as outcomes separately, and with Rr, Total ratio, Immediate LMT, or Delayed LMT scores as predictors, along with covariates. Results: Higher Rr and Tr scores significantly predicted lower left and right HV, while Tr showed the best model fit of all, as indicated by AIC. Traditional scores, Immediate LMT and Delayed LMT, were significantly associated with left and right HV, but were outperformed by both process-based scores for left HV, and by Tr for right HV. Conclusions: Current findings show the direct relationship between hippocampal volume and all the LMT scores examined here, and that process-based scores outperform traditional scores as markers of hippocampal volume.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Davide Bruno
- School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, UK
| | - Tobey J. Betthauser
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Rebecca Langhough Koscik
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sanjay Asthana
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nathaniel A. Chin
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Bruce P. Hermann
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sterling C. Johnson
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kimberly D. Mueller
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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De Simone MS, Spalletta G, Vecchio D, Bassi A, Carlesimo GA, Piras F. The Role of the Anterior Thalamic Nuclei in the Genesis of Memory Disorders in Alzheimer's Disease: An Exploratory Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:507-519. [PMID: 38189755 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence is demonstrating that degeneration of specific thalamic nuclei, in addition to the hippocampus, may occur in Alzheimer's disease (AD) from the prodromal stage (mild cognitive impairment - MCI) and contribute to memory impairment. OBJECTIVE Here, we evaluated the presence of macro and micro structural alterations at the level of the anterior thalamic nuclei (ATN) and medio-dorsal thalamic nuclei (MDTN) in AD and amnestic MCI (aMCI) and the possible relationship between such changes and the severity of memory impairment. METHODS For this purpose, a sample of 50 patients with aMCI, 50 with AD, and 50 age- and education-matched healthy controls (HC) were submitted to a 3-T MRI protocol with whole-brain T1-weighted and diffusion tensor imaging and a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment. RESULTS At macro-structural level, both the ATN and MDTN were found significantly smaller in patients with aMCI and AD when compared to HC subjects. At micro-structural level, instead, diffusion alterations that significantly differentiated aMCI and AD patients from HC subjects were found only in the ATN, but not in the MDTN. Moreover, diffusion values of the ATN were significantly associated with poor episodic memory in the overall patients' group. CONCLUSIONS These findings represent the first in vivo evidence of a relevant involvement of ATN in the AD-related neurodegeneration and memory profile and strengthen the importance to look beyond the hippocampus when considering neurological conditions characterized by memory decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Stefania De Simone
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, Laboratory of Neuropsychology of Memory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Niccolò Cusano University, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Vecchio
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Bassi
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Augusto Carlesimo
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, Laboratory of Neuropsychology of Memory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
- Senior Authors
| | - Fabrizio Piras
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Senior Authors
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Bussè C, Zorzi G, Pettenuzzo I, Mozzetta S, Cagnin A. Episodic Memory in Amnestic Behavioral Frontotemporal Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2023; 7:605-612. [PMID: 37483325 PMCID: PMC10357122 DOI: 10.3233/adr-230015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Behavioral frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) may present with episodic memory deficits. In 38 patients with bvFTD and 61 with Alzheimer's disease (AD) specific measures of verbal memory (learning curves and serial position effects) were studied through the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning test. Forty-two percent of bvFTD showed deficits of delayed recall memory similar to that found in AD including the serial position effects. Amnestic bvFTD had more severe atrophy in the left mesial temporal lobe than non-amnestic bvFTD. AD-like memory deficits are not infrequent in bvFTD and may be in part related to mesial temporal lobe atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Bussè
- Department of Neurosciences (DNS), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zorzi
- Department of Neurosciences (DNS), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Pettenuzzo
- Department of Neurosciences (DNS), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Mozzetta
- Department of Neurosciences (DNS), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Annachiara Cagnin
- Department of Neurosciences (DNS), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Bruno D, Jauregi Zinkunegi A, Kollmorgen G, Suridjan I, Wild N, Carlsson C, Bendlin B, Okonkwo O, Chin N, Hermann BP, Asthana S, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Langhough R, Johnson SC, Mueller KD. The recency ratio assessed by story recall is associated with cerebrospinal fluid levels of neurodegeneration biomarkers. Cortex 2023; 159:167-174. [PMID: 36630749 PMCID: PMC9931664 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Recency refers to the information learned at the end of a study list or task. Recency forgetting, as tracked by the ratio between recency recall in immediate and delayed conditions, i.e., the recency ratio (Rr), has been applied to list-learning tasks, demonstrating its efficacy in predicting cognitive decline, conversion to mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of neurodegeneration. However, little is known as to whether Rr can be effectively applied to story recall tasks. To address this question, data were extracted from the database of the Alzheimer's Disease Research Center at the University of Wisconsin - Madison. A total of 212 participants were included in the study. CSF biomarkers were amyloid-beta (Aβ) 40 and 42, phosphorylated (p) and total (t) tau, neurofilament light (NFL), neurogranin (Ng), and α-synuclein (a-syn). Story Recall was measured with the Logical Memory Test (LMT). We carried out Bayesian regression analyses with Rr, and other LMT scores as predictors; and CSF biomarkers (including the Aβ42/40 and p-tau/Aβ42 ratios) as outcomes. Results showed that models including Rr consistently provided best fits with the data, with few exceptions. These findings demonstrate the applicability of Rr to story recall and its sensitivity to CSF biomarkers of neurodegeneration, and encourage its inclusion when evaluating risk of neurodegeneration with story recall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Bruno
- School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | - Cynthia Carlsson
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Barbara Bendlin
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ozioma Okonkwo
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nathaniel Chin
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Bruce P Hermann
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sanjay Asthana
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK; Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Rebecca Langhough
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sterling C Johnson
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kimberly D Mueller
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Rodini M, De Simone MS, Caltagirone C, Carlesimo GA. Accelerated long-term forgetting in neurodegenerative disorders: A systematic review of the literature. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 141:104815. [PMID: 35961382 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Accelerated Long-term Forgetting (ALF) is a memory deficit characterised by normal retention up to relatively short intervals (e.g., minutes, hours) with increased forgetting over longer periods (e.g., days, weeks). ALF is often underestimated due to a lack of common memory assessments beyond 30-60 min. The purpose of this review was to provide an overview of ALF occurrence in neurodegenerative disorders, evaluating whether it can be considered a cognitive deficit useful for diagnosing and monitoring patients. We included 19 experimental studies that investigated ALF in neurodegenerative disorders. Most papers were focused on Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia and related forms of cognitive decline (Mild Cognitive Impairment, Subjective Cognitive decline, Pre-symptomatic subjects at risk of AD dementia). The major finding of the present work concerns the presence of ALF in very early forms of cognitive decline related to AD. These findings, supporting the hypothesis that ALF is a subtle and undetected hallmark of pre-clinical AD, highlights the importance of investigating forgetting over a longer period and devising standardised measures to be included in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Rodini
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology of Memory, Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Stefania De Simone
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology of Memory, Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Caltagirone
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology of Memory, Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Augusto Carlesimo
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology of Memory, Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
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Bruno D, Jauregi Zinkunegi A, Pomara N, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Koscik RL, Carlsson C, Bendlin B, Okonkwo O, Hermann BP, Johnson SC, Mueller KD. Cross-sectional associations of CSF tau levels with Rey's AVLT: A recency ratio study. Neuropsychology 2022. [PMID: 35604714 DOI: 10.1037/neu0000821.advanceonlinepublication] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The preeminent in vivo cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are amyloid β 1-42 (Aβ42), phosphorylated Tau (p-tau), and total Tau (t-tau). The goal of this study was to examine how well traditional (total and delayed recall) and process-based (recency ratio [Rr]) measures derived from Rey's Auditory Verbal Learning test (AVLT) were associated with these biomarkers. METHOD Data from 235 participants (Mage = 65.5, SD = 6.9), who ranged from cognitively unimpaired to mild cognitive impairment, and for whom CSF values were available, were extracted from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention. Bayesian regression analyses were carried out using CSF scores as outcomes, AVLT scores as predictors, and controlling for demographic data and diagnosis. RESULTS We found moderate evidence that Rr was associated with both CSF p-tau (Bayesian factor [BFM] = 5.55) and t-tau (BFM = 7.28), above and beyond the control variables, while it did not correlate with CSF Aβ42 levels. In contrast, total and delayed recall scores were not linked with any of the AD biomarkers, in separate analyses. When comparing all memory predictors in a single regression, Rr remained the strongest predictor of CSF t-tau levels (BFM = 3.57). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that Rr may be a better cognitive measure than commonly used AVLT scores to assess CSF levels of p-tau and t-tau in nondemented individuals. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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