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Wang SS, Peng Y, Fan PL, Ye JR, Ma WY, Wu QL, Wang HY, Tian YJ, He WB, Yan X, Zhang Z, Chu SF, Chen NH. Ginsenoside Rg1 ameliorates stress-exacerbated Parkinson's disease in mice by eliminating RTP801 and α-synuclein autophagic degradation obstacle. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024:10.1038/s41401-024-01374-w. [PMID: 39227736 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01374-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence shows that psychological stress promotes the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD) and the onset of dyskinesia in non-PD individuals, highlighting a potential avenue for therapeutic intervention. We previously reported that chronic restraint-induced psychological stress precipitated the onset of parkinsonism in 10-month-old transgenic mice expressing mutant human α-synuclein (αSyn) (hαSyn A53T). We refer to these as chronic stress-genetic susceptibility (CSGS) PD model mice. In this study we investigated whether ginsenoside Rg1, a principal compound in ginseng notable for soothing the mind, could alleviate PD deterioration induced by psychological stress. Ten-month-old transgenic hαSyn A53T mice were subjected to 4 weeks' restraint stress to simulate chronic stress conditions that worsen PD, meanwhile the mice were treated with Rg1 (40 mg· kg-1 ·d-1, i.g.), and followed by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and a variety of neurobehavioral tests. We showed that treatment with Rg1 significantly alleviated both motor and non-motor symptoms associated with PD. Functional MRI revealed that Rg1 treatment enhanced connectivity between brain regions implicated in PD, and in vivo multi-channel electrophysiological assay showed improvements in dyskinesia-related electrical activity. In addition, Rg1 treatment significantly attenuated the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and reduced the pathological aggregation of αSyn in the striatum and SNc. We revealed that Rg1 treatment selectively reduced the level of the stress-sensitive protein RTP801 in SNc under chronic stress conditions, without impacting the acute stress response. HPLC-MS/MS analysis coupled with site-directed mutation showed that Rg1 promoted the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of RTP801 at residues K188 and K218, a process mediated by the Parkin RING2 domain. Utilizing αSyn A53T+; RTP801-/- mice, we confirmed the critical role of RTP801 in stress-aggravated PD and its necessity for Rg1's protective effects. Moreover, Rg1 alleviated obstacles in αSyn autophagic degradation by ameliorating the RTP801-TXNIP-mediated deficiency of ATP13A2. Collectively, our results suggest that ginsenoside Rg1 holds promise as a therapeutic choice for treating PD-sensitive individuals who especially experience high levels of stress and self-imposed expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha-Sha Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Ye Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ping-Long Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Jun-Rui Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wen-Yu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Qing-Lin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Hong-Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ya-Juan Tian
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Encephalopathy, National International Joint Research Center for Molecular Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Wen-Bin He
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Encephalopathy, National International Joint Research Center for Molecular Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Xu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Shi-Feng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Nai-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
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Online Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for People with Parkinson’s Disease and Their Caregivers: a Pilot Study. JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY IN BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2022; 7:381-395. [PMID: 35527798 PMCID: PMC9059916 DOI: 10.1007/s41347-022-00261-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety and depression are common non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Caregivers of people with PD may experience severe caregiver burden. This study explored the feasibility and potential benefits of an online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) intervention for improving anxiety and depressive symptoms in people with PD and their caregivers (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04469049, 7/8/2020). People with PD or parkinsonism and anxiety and/or depressive symptoms and caregivers of people with PD participated in one of three online MBCT groups. Demographic variables, pre- and post-MBCT behavioral measures (GAD-7, PHQ-9, Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire — FFMQ-15, Caregiver Self-Assessment Questionnaire — CSAQ), and satisfaction surveys were collected. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data. Pre- and post-MBCT behavioral scores were compared using mixed-effect models. Fifty-six potential participants were assessed for eligibility. Twenty-eight entered MBCT groups; all but one completed the intervention. The overall sample analyzed (22 people with PD, 4 caregivers) showed significant GAD-7 and PHQ-9 score reductions and FFMQ-15 total and observing and non-reactivity subscale score increases (all p’s < 0.05). Participants with PD and anxiety symptoms (n = 14) had a significant GAD-7 score reduction; those with PD and depressive symptoms (n = 12) had a significant PHQ-9 score reduction (both p’s < 0.05). Participants with PD also had a significant FFMQ-15 observing subscale score increase (p < 0.05). The caregiver sample was too small to be analyzed separately. Online MBCT is feasible (as measured by high attendance, completion rate, and participant satisfaction) and may be effective in improving anxiety and depressive symptoms in people with PD.
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Foley JA, Chan E, van Harskamp N, Cipolotti L. Comfort Always: The Importance of Providing Psychological Support to Neurology Staff, Patients, and Families During COVID-19. Front Psychol 2020; 11:573296. [PMID: 33192869 PMCID: PMC7642603 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.573296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the impact of COVID-19 disruption on healthcare staff is increasingly understood, there has been no discussion of how it affects neurological patients and their families. This study sought to understand the impact of COVID-19 on staff, patients and families. METHODS The Department of Neuropsychology at the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery established three new support services for staff, patients and families. Semi-structured interviews elicited concerns and if these were affected by COVID-19. Staff members were asked to complete the General Health Questionnaire-12. RESULTS Few staff members presented for support, but nearly all indicated significant distress, reflecting increased anxiety and reduced social support. Patients described exacerbated emotional, cognitive and physical concerns, and greater vulnerability to isolation and economic hardship. Families and carers reported increased distress arising from hospital lockdown. CONCLUSION COVID-19 disruption affects staff, patients and families. Patients and families described additional challenges, which emphasize the importance of providing psychological support during these extraordinary times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A. Foley
- Department of Neuropsychology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
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