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Umucu E, Lee B, Bezyak J. Measuring COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among college students with disabilities: Sociodemographic and psychological correlates of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:1208-1214. [PMID: 35613333 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2071619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of the study was to explore characteristics of vaccine hesitancy and behaviors among college students with disabilities. Participants and Methods: Participants consisted of 105 college students with disabilities (Mage=26.82, SD = 8.42), and a majority of participants were female (69.5%) and Hispanic (85%). Results: No demographic differences were observed in vaccine hesitancy scores in this sample. Those who do not know where to get reliable information about COVID-19 vaccination had higher scores on vaccine hesitancy than those who know how to obtain reliable information; and participants who had a negative experience with a previous vaccination also had higher scores of vaccine hesitancy. Additionally, findings demonstrated COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy scores were negatively associated with openness to experience personality trait and COVID-19-related perceived stress. Conclusions: Implications provide additional insight into factors associated with vaccine hesitancy among college students with disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Umucu
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Beatrice Lee
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Jill Bezyak
- The University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, Colorado, USA
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2
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Han KM, Lee SM, Hong M, Kim SJ, Sohn S, Choi YK, Hyun J, Kim H, Lee JS, Lee SH, Lee YR, Paik JW. COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Job Loss Impacts on Mental Health in South Korea. Psychiatry Investig 2023; 20:730-739. [PMID: 37559449 PMCID: PMC10460973 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2022.0361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The economic hardship brought by the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-2019) pandemic has caused mental health problems among people of different socioeconomic status (SES). As social support helps to buffer these problems, we investigated the association between job loss related to COVID-19 and depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts; the differences in the effects according to SES; and the mediating effects of social support. METHODS The effects of COVID-19-related job loss on depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts among 1,364 people were investigated through semi-structured and self-administered questionnaires: Patient Health Questionnaire-9, General Anxiety Disorder-7, and the Functional Social Support Questionnaire. Logistic regression and subgroup analyses were performed to assess the association between job loss and mental health status, and the moderating effects of income and educational levels. Moreover, the mediating effects of perceived social support on the association between job loss and depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts were analyzed. RESULTS COVID-19-related job loss increased the risk of depression and suicidal thoughts. Adults with lower income and education level were at higher risk of depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts; perceived social support level had significant mediating effects on the association between job loss and depression/anxiety; and income level had significant moderating effects on this mediating pathway. CONCLUSION COVID-19-related job loss were likely to be significantly associated with negative mental health outcomes, especially among individuals with low income and education levels. As social support had buffering effects on such outcomes, related government policies in cooperation with the governance of communities and stakeholders must be prepared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Man Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Min Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minha Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Republic of Korea
- UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Seok-Joo Kim
- Department of Social Welfare, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunju Sohn
- Department of Social Welfare, College of Humanities & Social Sciences, Cheongju University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Kyeung Choi
- Department of Psychology, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhee Hyun
- Department of Social Welfare, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeguk Kim
- Department of Social Welfare, Sangji University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sun Lee
- Department of Psychology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - So Hee Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Ri Lee
- Department of Social Welfare, Nambu University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Woo Paik
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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3
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Tsai J, Umucu E, Fish K. Job Automation and Concerns During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Middle and Low-Income US Adults. J Occup Environ Med 2023; 65:113-118. [PMID: 36240751 PMCID: PMC9897120 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined job automation and concerns about job automation during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Data from a national sample of 6607 middle- and low-income US adults in May to June 2020 were analyzed. RESULTS Among recently employed participants, 19.1% reported partial or complete job automation during the pandemic. Male sex, racial/ethnic minorities, students, higher education, full-time employment, and any history of psychiatric disorder were associated with job automation. In the total sample, 57.5% had concerns about job automation, which were associated with younger age, male, racial/ethnic minorities, students, veterans, more minors in the household, Northeast residence, any history of psychiatric diagnosis, COVID-19 infection, and any recent job changes. CONCLUSIONS Job automation is impacting the lives of middle- and low-income US adults, and particular groups are vulnerable to ongoing changes in the nature of work.
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Buono FD, Polonsky M, Marks A, Larkin K, Sprong ME. Work readiness and barriers to employment during COVID-19 for individuals with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1). Work 2023; 76:1265-1273. [PMID: 37355921 DOI: 10.3233/wor-220259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global COVID-19 pandemic has directly impacted individuals with rare diseases who are attempting to maintain or obtain employment. Individuals with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 are especially at risk due to their disease. OBJECTIVE The current study compared the impact that generalized anxiety and quality of life had on work readiness and potential barriers that individuals with NF1 had in gaining and maintaining employment during the COVID-19 pandemic to a sample of healthy individuals using a moderating mediation analysis. METHODS A total of 213 individuals (105 NF1; 108 Healthy individuals) were recruited to complete a cross-sectional study in which a series of work-related assessments were completed. RESULTS Generalized anxiety had an indirect effect on work readiness, fully mediated by barriers, with higher anxiety associated with more barriers, in turn negatively correlating with work readiness; quality of life partially mediated the effect of barriers on work readiness and was negatively associated with the former and positively with the latter. CONCLUSION Quality of life was a mediator of the relationship between perceived employment barriers and work readiness for the healthy individuals group only. The results imply that anxiety and quality of life are significant mediators and require consideration in terms of evaluation and facilitation of employment maintenance and acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank D Buono
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Asher Marks
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Larkin
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Matthew E Sprong
- School of Public Management and Policy, University of Illinois Springfield, Springfield, IL, USA
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5
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Hanafy S, Colantonio A, Mollayeva T, Munce S, Lindsay S. Employment and accommodation needs and the effect of COVID-19 on men and women with traumatic brain injury. Work 2022; 75:41-58. [PMID: 36591690 DOI: 10.3233/wor-220437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) impacts an individual's workforce involvement post-injury. Support services and workplace accommodations that can help with work re-integration post-TBI may differ based on a person's sex and gender. The added impact of COVID-19 remains under-explored. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the support services and workplace accommodation needs and the impact of COVID-19 on work and mental health for persons with TBI, considering sex and gender. METHODS A cross-sectional online survey was distributed. Descriptive and regression analyses were applied to uncover sex and gender differences, along with content analysis for open-ended responses. RESULTS Thirty-two persons with TBI (62% women, 38% men) participated. Physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and counselling services were indicated as the most needed services by women and men. Modified hours/days and modified/different duties were the most needed workplace accommodations. Mental challenges impacting well-being was a highlighted concern for both men and women. Women scored poorer on the daily activity domain of the Quality of Life after Brain Injury - Overall Scale (p = 0.02). Assistance with daily activities was highlighted by women for a successful transition to work, including housekeeping and caregiving. Men were more likely than women to experience change in employment status because of COVID-19 (p = 0.02). Further, a higher percentage of men expressed concern about the inability to pay for living accommodations, losing their job, and not having future job prospects. CONCLUSION Findings reveal important differences between men and women when transitioning to work post-TBI and emphasize the need for sex and gender considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Hanafy
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Angela Colantonio
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tatyana Mollayeva
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah Munce
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sally Lindsay
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Umucu E, Castruita Rios Y, Lo C, Wang A, Grenawalt T, Yasuoka M, Brooks J. Service-Connected Disability and Happiness in Student Veterans: A Parallel Mediation Study of PERMA. REHABILITATION COUNSELING BULLETIN 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/00343552221139880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The student veteran population has been growing in higher education, along with the attention to their happiness and well-being. Seligman developed the positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment (PERMA) model to help understand an individual’s happiness, including five pillars: Positive emotion, Engagement, Relationship, Meaning, and Accomplishment. In this study, we aim at evaluating the role of the PERMA model’s five pillars in explaining the relationship between service-connected disability and happiness. Data were collected from 205 student veterans. The result demonstrated that positive emotion and accomplishment mediated the relationship between service-connected disability and happiness. The findings of this study suggest utilizing positive psychology to help student veterans improve happiness, as well as engage in more activities that could potentially increase an individual’s positive emotion and accomplishment, and eventually increase the level of happiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Umucu
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
| | | | | | - Anni Wang
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
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Sprong ME, Hollender H, Pechek AA, Forziat-Pytel K, Buono FD. Effects of VHA Policy Directive 1163 on Acceptance and Employment Rates for Veterans with Substance Use Disorders Referred to VHA Vocational Rehabilitation. Subst Abuse 2022; 16:11782218221132397. [PMID: 36452410 PMCID: PMC9703520 DOI: 10.1177/11782218221132397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Research has shown that Veterans with Substance/Alcohol Use Disorders (SUDs/AUDs) are at a greater risk for employment-related issues (eg, lower labor force participation rates), and interventions such as Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) have been used as a tool to reduce employment obtainment and maintenance. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate acceptance rates and employment rates at closure for Veterans with SUDs/AUDs prior to the implementation of VHA Policy Directive 1163 (mandated that Veterans are not refused services based on prior or current SUD/AUDs). SUD/AUDs were coded to reflect DSM 5-TR criteria of active use and in-remission. METHODS Data from a VHA Vocational Rehabilitation program in the Veterans Integrated Service Network 12 network were obtained for the purpose of the current study. RESULTS Findings showed that Veterans with AUDs were less likely to be accepted for VR services prior and after implementation of VHA Policy Directive 1163. CONCLUSIONS When examining active and inactive SUDs/AUDs, findings showed that implementation of VHA Policy Directive 1163 was not effective for Veterans with AUDs. One factor that was not explored but could explain disparities in program acceptance rates is duration of program entry. If a Veteran has a consult placed for VHA Vocational Rehabilitation services, and their program entry date (date accepted) is a significant duration, then perhaps Veterans with active AUDs start drinking again given that they are waiting for vocational assistance. Thus, it would be important to assist Veterans with active AUDs into services in a timely manner (perhaps prior them being discharged from SUD treatment).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E Sprong
- Department of Veteran Affairs – VA Illiana Health Care System, Danville, IL, USA
- VA Edwards Hines Jr. Health Care System, Hines, IL, USA
- University of Illinois Springfield, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Heaven Hollender
- Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ashley A Pechek
- Commonwealth University of Pennsylvania (Lock Haven), Lock Haven, PA, USA
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8
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Fuentes K, Lindsay S. Workplace accommodations during the COVID-19 pandemic: A scoping review of the impacts and implications for people with disabilities. Work 2022; 74:381-406. [PMID: 36314186 DOI: 10.3233/wor-220129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has led to widespread changes in the way people work. Some of these changes represent the same kinds of work modifications or adjustments that have often been requested as workplace accommodations, and which may improve labour market and employment outcomes for people with disabilities. OBJECTIVE The aim of this scoping review was to examine the literature on workplace accommodations in the pandemic and their impacts and implications for people with disabilities. METHODS Following a search of six international databases, articles were selected by two reviewers, and data were abstracted in accordance with scoping review methodology. A thematic analysis was used to report the relevant findings. RESULTS Thirty-seven articles met the inclusion criteria, and three main themes were identified: positive impacts of pandemic-related workplace accommodations on people with disabilities (e.g., improved accessibility, reduced stigma around workplace accommodations, rapid implementation of workplace accommodations, opportunities for advocacy); negative impacts (e.g., worsened physical and mental health, new accommodation needs); and action needed and recommendations (e.g., revisit legislation and policy on accommodations, ensure representation of people with disabilities). Overall, our review identified a mixed assessment of the impacts of pandemic-related accommodations on people with disabilities. However, there was a broader consensus regarding the importance of learning from the experiences of the pandemic to improve workplace accommodation policies in the future. CONCLUSIONS The pandemic may present opportunities for improving workplace accommodation policies, but our review also highlights the need for more research examining how workplace changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic have impacted people with disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Fuentes
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sally Lindsay
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Thimbriel R, Urkmez B, Lee B, Umucu E. COVID-19 stress, resilience, and job loss concerns in people with chronic conditions and disabilities. JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/jvr-221211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: People experience higher levels of psychological distress during times of crisis, such as the current COVID-19 pandemic. Resilience is a psychological resource that helps people to recover from adverse events. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of resilience on COVID-19-related stress and worry about job loss in people with chronic conditions and disabilities (PwCID). METHODS: The Perceived Stress Questionnaire -8 (PSQ-8) and the Brief Resilience Scale were used to measure COVID-19-related stress and resilience, respectively. Demographics were also assessed. A two-step hierarchical regression and binary regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS: A moderate amount of perceived stress and resilience with mean scores of 2.45 (SD = 0.69; range 1-4) and 3.17 (SD = 0.98; range 1-5), respectively, were found among the 269 participants. Resilience (β=-0.44, p < 0.001) was significantly associated withCOVID-19-related stress after controlling for demographic variables. Results also revealed that those with higher resilience scores had lower probability to worry about job loss. CONCLUSION: PwCID who have higher scores on resilience reported lower levels of COVID-19-related stress. Resilience can be cultivated among PwCID for better psychological outcomes during times of crisis. Vocational rehabilitation counselors can implement strategies to improve resilience in PwCID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Thimbriel
- Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Bilal Urkmez
- Department of Counseling and Higher Education, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Beatrice Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Special Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Emre Umucu
- Department of Rehabilitation Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Special Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Rumrill P, Sheppard-Jones K, Collett JW, McCurry S. RETAIN Kentucky: A return-to-work and stay-at-work program for people with disabilities grounded in the conservation of resources theory. Work 2022; 72:3-8. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-223633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This article, the first in the Return-to-Work (RTW) Corner series, summarizes a comprehensive RTW and Stay-at-Work (SAW) program in Kentucky, which is funded by the United States Department of Labor. The program, Retaining Employment and Talent After Injury/Illness Network: Kentucky (RETAIN Kentucky), focuses on RTW and SAW strategies, depending upon participants’ employment status at the time of enrollment in the project. RETAIN Kentucky services are implemented by RTW Coordinators (RTWCs) who help people with non-work-related injuries and illnesses continue in the workforce. The first Phase of RETAIN Kentucky, which lasted for nearly 3 years, is now informing the Phase 2 intervention, which began in October 2021 and will enroll participants for 30 months. In this article, we outline the employment retention problem that RETAIN Kentucky addresses, describe the key features and services of the program, summarize our findings so far, and present future directions for Phase 2.
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Umucu E, Reyes A, Nay A, Elbogen E, Tsai J. Associations between mental health and job loss among middle‐ and low‐income veterans and civilians during the COVID‐19 pandemic: An exploratory study. Stress Health 2022; 38:410-416. [PMID: 34541784 PMCID: PMC8646322 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between job loss and mental health during the pandemic among a nationally representative sample of middle- and low-income military veterans and civilians. Participants were recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk in May-June 2020. Our sample was comparable to the U.S. population with respect to key demographics (i.e., sex, race, ethnicity, and geographic region). More veterans were male (36.9% civilians vs. 74.1% veterans), and on average they were older than civilians (Mcivilians = 47.86 vs. Mveterans = 52.64). After controlling for sociodemographic factors, probable anxiety (adjusted odds ratio for veterans = 1.96, 95% [1.22-3.15]) was significantly associated with job loss among veterans, whereas among civilians, probable anxiety (adjusted odds ratio for civilians [AORc ] = 1.48, 95% [1.21-1.81]), probable COVID-19 era-related stress (AORc = 1.73, 95% [1.45-2.07]), and loneliness (AORc = 1.09, 95% [1.04-1.13]) were associated with job loss. Results demonstrated that veteran sample's effect sizes were larger than civilian sample's effect sizes; however, our moderation analyses results revealed that veteran status did not moderate the relationships between mental health and job loss. The findings in this study support a relationship between job loss and poorer mental health, suggesting that increased mental health services may be important to address ongoing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Umucu
- Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology & Special EducationMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
| | - Antonio Reyes
- Division of Special Education and CounselingCalifornia State UniversityLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Andrew Nay
- Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology & Special EducationMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
| | - Eric Elbogen
- U.S. Department of Veterans AffairsNational Center on Homelessness Among VeteransWashingtonDCUSA,Department of PsychiatryDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Jack Tsai
- U.S. Department of Veterans AffairsNational Center on Homelessness Among VeteransWashingtonDCUSA,School of Public HealthUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA,Department of PsychiatryYale UniversitySchool of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
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12
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Umucu E, Rumrill P, Chiu CY, Ghosh A. Functional Limitations, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, and College Adjustment in Student Veterans: A Mediation Analysis Study. REHABILITATION RESEARCH, POLICY, AND EDUCATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1891/re-21-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine whether functional limitations mediate the relation between PTSD symptoms and college life adjustment in student veterans with PTSD symptoms.MethodsA total of 232 student veterans with PTSD symptoms were recruited for this study. Participants were predominantly male (84.5%; females = 15.5%). Participants’ ages ranged from 18 to 54 years (M = 28.43, SD = 5.42). Correlational analyses were conducted to calculate the relationships among study variables. We also conducted a mediation analysis to examine whether functional limitations mediate the relationship between PTSD symptoms and college life adjustment.ResultsThe mediation analysis indicated that the effect of PTSD symptoms on college adjustment can be partially explained by functional limitations.ConclusionOur results have potentially important implications for rehabilitation counseling researchers and clinicians in the COVID-19 era.
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Rumrill PD, Zhang H, Li J, Leslie M, McMahon BT, Bishop M, Rios YC. Workplace discrimination allegations and outcomes involving Caucasian Americans, African Americans, and Hispanic/Latinx Americans with multiple sclerosis: A causal comparative analysis. JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/jvr-211175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although African Americans and Hispanic/Latinx Americans with multiple sclerosis (MS) frequently cite workplace discrimination as a major concern, the specific nature of this discrimination is not yet well understood. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate racial/ethnic differences in allegations of workplace discrimination by Caucasian, African American, and Hispanic/Latinx American individuals with MS. METHODS: The United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) Integrated Mission System (IMS) database was used to describe and compare the frequency and characteristics of discrimination allegations filed by people with MS in the three race/ethnicity groups. Quantitative analyses, including a one-way analysis of variance and Chi-square tests, were used to examine 2009–2016 Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments Act (ADAAA) Title I complaints. These complaints were received by the EEOC from people with MS who identified themselves as Caucasian, African American, and Hispanic/Latinx American (N = 3,770). RESULTS: Both African Americans and Hispanic/Latinx Americans tended to encounter discrimination at a younger age than Caucasian Americans. African American and Hispanic/Latinx American charging parties were more likely to be women than were Caucasian charging parties. The size and location of employers against whom allegations were filed varied significantly among the three racial/ethnic groups. The EEOC was more likely to resolve allegations in the charging parties’ favor when the allegations were filed by Caucasians. CONCLUSION: The present study revealed modest but significant differences in the workplace discrimination experiences of the three groups under study. More research is needed to determine why racial/ethnic status bears on the discrimination experiences of Americans with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Han Zhang
- University of Wisconsin-Parkside, Kenosha, WI, USA
| | - Jian Li
- Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
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14
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Umucu E, Lee B, Genova HM, Chopik WJ, Sung C, Yasuoka M, Niemiec RM. Character Strengths Across Disabilities: An International Exploratory Study and Implications for Positive Psychiatry and Psychology. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:863977. [PMID: 35280155 PMCID: PMC8914428 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.863977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in character strengths for people with disabilities by using an international dataset by the VIA Institiute on Character. Specifically, we aimed to explore (a) the top and bottom five character strengths reported by different disability groups and all people with disabilities more broadly, and (b) group differences in each character strength and total character strengths. The investigator contacted the VIA Institute on Character (http://www.viacharacter.org/) for obtaining the dataset for the current study. After data cleaning, our sample size resulted in 11,699 people with disabilities. Among most people with disabilities, the top five character strengths scores were love of learning, honesty, appreciation of beauty and excellence, kindness, and fairness. The bottom five character strengths scores were self-regulation, perseverance, zest, spirituality, and prudence. Knowing that there is heterogeneity in character strengths across groups gives us a better understanding of the areas that people with different disabilities and conditions might thrive and provides clinicians and practitioners with a more nuanced understanding for how to possibly intervene with their clients. Positive psychiatry and psychology implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Umucu
- Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Special Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Beatrice Lee
- Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Special Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Helen M Genova
- Center for Neuropsychology and Neuroscience Research, Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, United States
| | - William J Chopik
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Connie Sung
- Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Special Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Mizuka Yasuoka
- Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Special Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Ryan M Niemiec
- Education Director of the VIA Institute, VIA Institute on Character, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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Holm ME, Sainio P, Parikka S, Koskinen S. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychosocial well-being of people with disabilities. Disabil Health J 2021; 15:101224. [PMID: 34690076 PMCID: PMC8542066 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2021.101224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Before the COVID-19 pandemic, people with mobility, vision, hearing, and cognitive disabilities were at a higher risk of lower psychosocial well-being than people without disabilities. It is, therefore, of great importance to investigate whether the pandemic has exacerbated this difference. Objective This study examines whether people with disabilities (categorized as mobility, vision, hearing, cognitive, and any disabilities) report more COVID-19-related negative effects on psychosocial well-being (loneliness, decreased social contact, decreased hope for the future, concerns about being infected) than people without disabilities. Methods We analyzed population-based data from the Finnish Health, Welfare, and Services (FinSote) survey carried out in 2020–2021 (N = 22 165, age 20+). Logistic regression models were applied, controlling for the effects of age, sex, partnership, living alone, and education. Results All disability groups, except those with vision disabilities, reported significantly more often that the pandemic increased loneliness than people without disabilities. There were no significant differences between the disability groups and people without disabilities in decreased social contacts. People with only mobility and cognitive disabilities reported significantly more often that the pandemic decreased their hope for the future than those without disabilities. All disability groups were more often concerned about being infected than people without disabilities, but this effect was not significant among people 75 or older. Conclusion The psychosocial well-being of people with specific types of disabilities should receive special attention during crises like the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marja Eliisa Holm
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Päivi Sainio
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Suvi Parikka
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Seppo Koskinen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland.
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