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Zhang Y, Xiao A, Zheng T, Xiao H, Huang R. The Relationship between Sleeping Position and Sleep Quality: A Flexible Sensor-Based Study. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:6220. [PMID: 36015983 PMCID: PMC9416198 DOI: 10.3390/s22166220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of flexible wearable sensors to monitor the impact of sleeping position and turning frequency on sleep and to study sleep patterns can help bedridden patients heal and recover. The flexible wearable sleeping-position monitoring device was designed and developed using a flexible angle sensor and a six-axis motion sensor to measure the dynamic changes in body posture during sleep. Based on the changes in the output parameters of the flexible angle sensor and the six-axis motion sensor, we determined the change in the subject's lying position, verifying and analyzing the relationship between lying position preference, turning frequency, and sleep quality in healthy subjects. The sleeping-position monitoring device was worn by 13 subjects (7 males and 6 females) without sleep disorders before the sleep experiment. They performed more than 50 sleeping-position changes to ensure the accuracy of the monitoring device. Subjects slept in their beds for 8 h per night for 15 nights. During that time, they wore the sleeping-position monitoring device and a wristband sleep-monitoring bracelet on their left hand, and gathered the subjective sleep data using questionnaires. The results show that the most critical influencing factors are sleeping-position preference and frequency of turning. Data analysis reveals that subjects with a preference for right-sided lying and a lower frequency of turning had better sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Aiping Xiao
- School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tianhao Zheng
- School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Huafei Xiao
- School of Modern Equipment Manufacturing, Chenzhou Vocational Technical College, Chenzhou 423000, China
| | - Ruiyan Huang
- School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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Caggiari G, Talesa GR, Toro G, Jannelli E, Monteleone G, Puddu L. What type of mattress should be chosen to avoid back pain and improve sleep quality? Review of the literature. J Orthop Traumatol 2021; 22:51. [PMID: 34878594 PMCID: PMC8655046 DOI: 10.1186/s10195-021-00616-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Energy spent during daily activities is recuperated by humans through sleep, ensuring optimal performance on the following day. Sleep disturbances are common: a meta-analysis on sleep quality showed that 15–30% of adults report sleep disorders, such as sleep onset latency (SOL), insufficient duration of sleep and frequently waking up at night. Low back pain (LBP) has been identified as one of the main causes of poor sleep quality. Literature findings are discordant on the type of mattress that might prevent onset of back pain, resulting in an improved quality of sleep. We conducted a systematic literature review of articles published until 2019, investigating the association of different mattresses with sleep quality and low back pain. Based on examined studies, mattresses were classified according to the European Committee for Standardization (2000) as: soft, medium-firm, extra-firm or mattresses customized for patients affected by supine decubitus. A total of 39 qualified articles have been included in the current systematic review. Results of this systematic review show that a medium-firm mattress promotes comfort, sleep quality and rachis alignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianfilippo Caggiari
- Orthopaedic and Traumatology Department, Università degli Studi di Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Rocco Talesa
- Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic, University of Perugia, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, 06129, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Eugenio Jannelli
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Fondazione Policlinico IRCCS San Matteo, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gaetano Monteleone
- Orthopaedic, Trauma and Spine Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, School of Medicine, AOU Policlinico Consorziale, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70100, Bari, Italy
| | - Leonardo Puddu
- Orthopaedic and Traumatology Department, Rovereto - Arco Hospital, 38068, Rovereto, Italy
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Cary D, Collinson R, Sterling M, Briffa K. Examining the validity and reliability of a portable sleep posture assessment protocol, using infrared cameras, under a variety of light and bed cover situations in the home environment. Work 2019; 63:291-298. [PMID: 31156210 DOI: 10.3233/wor-192930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal symptoms of pain and stiffness on waking have been linked to sleep posture. Sleep posture is commonly classified as supine, side lying and prone. It is clinically postulated that sleeping postures with sustained end of range rotation and extension may influence pain sensitive spinal tissues. However, the lack of a valid and reliable method of assessing sleep posture, means clinicians are unable to provide corrective advice based upon evidenced based research. OBJECTIVE To determine the validity and reliability of a sleep posture recording protocol in the home environment. METHOD Twenty health professionals viewed a pre-recorded video recording of randomised sleep postures under natural and infrared light situations, with a variety of bed coverings, to represent the habitual environment. Sleep postures were classified into six categories including two intermediate postures (supported side lying and provocative side lying). Viewing was repeated after two days. RESULTS Intra-and inter-rater reliability were excellent; Cohen's Kappa = .93 (95% CI 0.80 to 1.0) and Fleiss Kappa = 0.83 (95% CI 0.82 to 0.84) respectively. Validity, determined as concordance between the health professionals' classifications and the known postures, was also excellent Cohen's Kappa = .91 (95% CI 0.77 to 1.0). CONCLUSIONS Reliable and valid assessment of sleep posture, including intermediate postures, could be achieved using low cost, portable, infrared video recording equipment, under a variety of lighting conditions and a variety of bed cover situations typical of the home environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doug Cary
- Esperance Physiotherapy, Esperance, WA, Australia.,School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Roger Collinson
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Michele Sterling
- Recover Injury Research Centre, NHMRC CRE in Road Traffic Injury, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Kathryn Briffa
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Wong DWC, Wang Y, Lin J, Tan Q, Chen TLW, Zhang M. Sleeping mattress determinants and evaluation: a biomechanical review and critique. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6364. [PMID: 30701143 PMCID: PMC6348954 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sleeping mattress parameters significantly influence sleeping comfort and health, as reflected by the extensive investigations of sleeping support biomechanics to prevent sleep-related musculoskeletal problems. Methodology Herein, we review the current trends, research methodologies, and determinants of mattress biomechanics research, summarizing evidence published since 2008. In particular, we scrutinize 18 articles dealing with the development of new designs, recommendation criteria, instruments/methods of spine alignment evaluation, and comparative evaluation of different designs. Results The review demonstrated that mattress designs have strived for customization, regional features, and real-time active control to adapt to the biomechanical features of different body builds and postures. However, the suggested threshold or target values for desirable spine alignment and body pressure distribution during sleep cannot yet be justified in view of the lack of sufficient evidence. Conclusions It is necessary to formulate standard objectives and protocols for carrying out mattress evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Wai-Chi Wong
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jin Lin
- Product Development-R&D Life Nurturing Products, Infinitus (China) Company Limited, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qitao Tan
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tony Lin-Wei Chen
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Esquirol Caussa J, Palmero Cantariño C, Bayo Tallón V, Cos Morera MÀ, Escalera S, Sánchez D, Sánchez Padilla M, Serrano Domínguez N, Relats Vilageliu M. Automatic RBG-depth-pressure anthropometric analysis and individualised sleep solution prescription. J Med Eng Technol 2017; 41:486-497. [PMID: 28730864 DOI: 10.1080/03091902.2017.1350761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sleep surfaces must adapt to individual somatotypic features to maintain a comfortable, convenient and healthy sleep, preventing diseases and injuries. Individually determining the most adequate rest surface can often be a complex and subjective question. OBJECTIVES To design and validate an automatic multimodal somatotype determination model to automatically recommend an individually designed mattress-topper-pillow combination. METHODS Design and validation of an automated prescription model for an individualised sleep system is performed through a single-image 2 D-3 D analysis and body pressure distribution, to objectively determine optimal individual sleep surfaces combining five different mattress densities, three different toppers and three cervical pillows. RESULTS A final study (n = 151) and re-analysis (n = 117) defined and validated the model, showing high correlations between calculated and real data (>85% in height and body circumferences, 89.9% in weight, 80.4% in body mass index and more than 70% in morphotype categorisation). CONCLUSIONS Somatotype determination model can accurately prescribe an individualised sleep solution. This can be useful for healthy people and for health centres that need to adapt sleep surfaces to people with special needs. Next steps will increase model's accuracy and analise, if this prescribed individualised sleep solution can improve sleep quantity and quality; additionally, future studies will adapt the model to mattresses with technological improvements, tailor-made production and will define interfaces for people with special needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Esquirol Caussa
- a Servei Universitari de Recerca en Fisioteràpia (S.U.R.F) , Escola Universitària Gimbernat , Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona , Spain.,b Centro Médico Teknon , Barcelona
| | | | - Vanessa Bayo Tallón
- a Servei Universitari de Recerca en Fisioteràpia (S.U.R.F) , Escola Universitària Gimbernat , Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona , Spain
| | - Miquel Àngel Cos Morera
- a Servei Universitari de Recerca en Fisioteràpia (S.U.R.F) , Escola Universitària Gimbernat , Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona , Spain.,d Centre d'Alt Rendiment Esportiu , Sant Cugat del Vallès , Barcelona
| | - Sergio Escalera
- e Computer Vision Center and University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - David Sánchez
- f Dormity.com® , Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona , Spain
| | - Maider Sánchez Padilla
- a Servei Universitari de Recerca en Fisioteràpia (S.U.R.F) , Escola Universitària Gimbernat , Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona , Spain
| | - Noelia Serrano Domínguez
- a Servei Universitari de Recerca en Fisioteràpia (S.U.R.F) , Escola Universitària Gimbernat , Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona , Spain
| | - Mireia Relats Vilageliu
- a Servei Universitari de Recerca en Fisioteràpia (S.U.R.F) , Escola Universitària Gimbernat , Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona , Spain
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Salvaggio A, Lo Bue A, Isidoro SI, Romano S, Marrone O, Insalaco G. Gel pillow designed specifically for obstructive sleep apnea treatment with continuous positive airway pressure. J Bras Pneumol 2017; 42:362-366. [PMID: 27812636 PMCID: PMC5094873 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-37562016000000015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To determine whether the use of a gel pillow with side cutouts designed to accommodate a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) mask and reduce head temperature improves the efficacy of and adherence to auto-CPAP therapy. Methods: Twenty-three consecutive CPAP-naïve patients with obstructive sleep apnea were enrolled in the study. Patients were given an auto-CPAP machine with an appropriate CPAP mask and were instructed to use CPAP for 15 nights. They were instructed to sleep with their own pillow (the control pillow) from nights 1 to 5 and with either a foam pillow or a gel pillow, both of which had side cutouts, for 5 consecutive nights each, in random order. After night 15, auto-CPAP machine data were downloaded and patients rated their satisfaction with each pillow on a visual analog scale. Results: Twenty-two patients completed the protocol. The pressures administered, residual apnea-hypopnea index, air leaks, and mean duration of CPAP use did not differ among the periods during which each pillow was used. Patients were significantly more satisfied with the gel pillow than with the control pillow and the foam pillow (p = 0.022 and p = 0.004, respectively), their level of satisfaction with the gel pillow correlating significantly with excessive daytime sleepiness (r2 = 0.19; p = 0.0443). Conclusions: Among obstructive sleep apnea patients treated with nasal CPAP, the use of a gel pillow with side cutouts appears to have no impact on treatment effectiveness. Nevertheless, such patients seem to prefer a gel pillow over other types of pillows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Salvaggio
- . Consiglio Nationale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina ed Immunologia Moleculare "Alberto Monroy", Palermo, Italia
| | - Anna Lo Bue
- . Consiglio Nationale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina ed Immunologia Moleculare "Alberto Monroy", Palermo, Italia
| | - Serena Iacono Isidoro
- . Consiglio Nationale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina ed Immunologia Moleculare "Alberto Monroy", Palermo, Italia
| | - Salvatore Romano
- . Consiglio Nationale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina ed Immunologia Moleculare "Alberto Monroy", Palermo, Italia
| | - Oreste Marrone
- . Consiglio Nationale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina ed Immunologia Moleculare "Alberto Monroy", Palermo, Italia
| | - Giuseppe Insalaco
- . Consiglio Nationale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina ed Immunologia Moleculare "Alberto Monroy", Palermo, Italia
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