1
|
Munir R, Zahoor AF, Javed S, Parveen B, Mansha A, Irfan A, Khan SG, Irfan A, Kotwica-Mojzych K, Mojzych M. Simmons-Smith Cyclopropanation: A Multifaceted Synthetic Protocol toward the Synthesis of Natural Products and Drugs: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:5651. [PMID: 37570621 PMCID: PMC10420228 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation is a widely used reaction in organic synthesis for stereospecific conversion of alkenes into cyclopropane. The utility of this reaction can be realized by the fact that the cyclopropane motif is a privileged synthetic intermediate and a core structural unit of many biologically active natural compounds such as terpenoids, alkaloids, nucleosides, amino acids, fatty acids, polyketides and drugs. The modified form of Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation involves the employment of Et2Zn and CH2I2 (Furukawa reagent) toward the total synthesis of a variety of structurally complex natural products that possess broad range of biological activities including anticancer, antimicrobial and antiviral activities. This review aims to provide an intriguing glimpse of the Furukawa-modified Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation, within the year range of 2005 to 2022.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramsha Munir
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (R.M.); (B.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.K.); (A.I.)
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (R.M.); (B.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.K.); (A.I.)
| | - Sadia Javed
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Bushra Parveen
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (R.M.); (B.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.K.); (A.I.)
| | - Asim Mansha
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (R.M.); (B.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.K.); (A.I.)
| | - Ahmad Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Samreen Gul Khan
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (R.M.); (B.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.K.); (A.I.)
| | - Ali Irfan
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (R.M.); (B.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.K.); (A.I.)
| | - Katarzyna Kotwica-Mojzych
- Laboratory of Experimental Cytology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Mojzych
- Department of Chemistry, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 3-go Maja 54, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mayer S, Keglevich P, Keglevich A, Hazai L. New Anticancer Vinca Alkaloids in the Last Decade - A Mini-Review. CURR ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272825666210216123256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The chemistry and pharmacology of the important Vinca alkaloids such as vinblastine
and vincristine used in anticancer therapy are still investigated widely. Several new
derivatives, e.g., vinflunine, vinorelbine, and vindesine, have been synthesized and become
successful medicines in anti-cancer therapy. In 2012, we published a paper that reviewed the
Vinca derivatives. Nevertheless, the interest in the preparation of new modified structures is
not decreasing either in recent years. In this review, the vinblastine-type molecules with several
substituents, e.g., amide, nitrile, hydrazide, substituted side chains, etc. in different positions
of catharanthine and/or vindoline cores are presented. An important part of the review is
the derivatization of the monomer alkaloid vindoline, which possesses no antitumor effect.
Additionally, new hybrid molecules of these alkaloids are also discussed in this mini-review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Szabolcs Mayer
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary, H-1111 Budapest, Gellert ter 4,Hungary
| | - Péter Keglevich
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary, H-1111 Budapest, Gellert ter 4,Hungary
| | - András Keglevich
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary, H-1111 Budapest, Gellert ter 4,Hungary
| | - László Hazai
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary, H-1111 Budapest, Gellert ter 4,Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Results in Chemistry of Natural Organic Compounds. Synthesis of New Anticancer Vinca Alkaloids and Flavone Alkaloids. CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry2030046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The antitumor indole–indoline alkaloids of the evergreen Catharanthus roseus—namely vinblastine and vincristine—are widely used in chemotherapy of cancer. Many efforts were made to synthesize more efficient derivatives with less side-effect. The 14,15-cyclopropane derivative of vinblastine was synthesized successfully by a five-step procedure starting from vindoline. Vincristine, vinorelbine and several derivatives condensed with a cyclopropane ring were synthesized. Various hybrid molecules were prepared by the coupling reaction of vindoline and methyl ester of tryptophan, which were conjugated by carrier peptides of octaarginine. Studying the halogenation reactions of vindoline and catharanthine some fluorine derivatives were obtained which showed promising antitumor activity on various tumor types. The synthesis of the Aspidospermane alkaloid bannucine and 5′-epibannucine were carried out using N-acyliminium intermediates. The same intermediate was also applied in the first synthesis of sessiline. The research group have synthesized of flavonoid alkaloids: dracocephins A and B. Further three flavonoid alkaloids, namely 8-(2”-pyrrolidinon-5′′-yl)quercetin, 6-(2′′-pyrrolidinon-5′′-yl)-(−)- and 8-(2′′-pyrrolidinon-5′′-yl)-(−)-epicatechin were prepared by acid-catalyzed regioselective Mannich reaction starting from the corresponding flavonoid precursor. Vindoline was also coupled to synthetic pharmacophores, such as triphenylphosphine and various N-heterocycles. Some of these hybrid molecules showed significant antitumor activity. Furthermore, 7-OH and 7-NH modified flavonoid derivatives were synthesized by a regioselective alkylation followed by Smiles rearrangement and hydrolysis.
Collapse
|
4
|
Keglevich A, Mayer S, Pápai R, Szigetvári Á, Sánta Z, Dékány M, Szántay C, Keglevich P, Hazai L. Attempted Synthesis of Vinca Alkaloids Condensed with Three-Membered Rings. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102574. [PMID: 30304796 PMCID: PMC6222653 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Our successful work for the synthesis of cyclopropanated vinblastine and its derivatives by the Simmons⁻Smith reaction was followed to build up further three-membered rings into the 14,15-position of the vindoline part of the dimer alkaloid. Halogenated 14,15-cyclopropanovindoline was prepared by reactions with iodoform and bromoform, respectively, in the presence of diethylzinc. Reactions of dichlorocarbene with vindoline resulted in the 10-formyl derivative. Unexpectedly, in the case of the dimer alkaloids vinblastine and vincristine, the rearranged products containing an oxirane ring in the catharanthine part were isolated from the reactions. The attempted epoxidation of vindoline and catharanthine also led to anomalous rearranged products. In the epoxidation reaction of vindoline, an o-quinonoid derivative was obtained, in the course of the epoxidation of catharanthine, a hydroxyindolenine type product and a spiro derivative formed by ring contraction reaction, were isolated. The coupling reaction of vindoline and the spiro derivative obtained in the epoxidation of catharanthine did not result in a bisindole alkaloid. Instead, two surprising vindoline trimers were discovered and characterized by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- András Keglevich
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary, H-1111 Budapest, Gellért tér 4., Hungary.
| | - Szabolcs Mayer
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary, H-1111 Budapest, Gellért tér 4., Hungary.
| | - Réka Pápai
- ComInnex, Inc., Graphisoft Park (Building D), H-1031 Budapest, Záhony u. 7., Hungary.
| | - Áron Szigetvári
- Spectroscopic Research Department, Gedeon Richter Plc., H-1475 Budapest 10, P. O. Box 27, Hungary.
| | - Zsuzsanna Sánta
- Spectroscopic Research Department, Gedeon Richter Plc., H-1475 Budapest 10, P. O. Box 27, Hungary.
| | - Miklós Dékány
- Spectroscopic Research Department, Gedeon Richter Plc., H-1475 Budapest 10, P. O. Box 27, Hungary.
| | - Csaba Szántay
- Spectroscopic Research Department, Gedeon Richter Plc., H-1475 Budapest 10, P. O. Box 27, Hungary.
| | - Péter Keglevich
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary, H-1111 Budapest, Gellért tér 4., Hungary.
| | - László Hazai
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary, H-1111 Budapest, Gellért tér 4., Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|