1
|
Kakafika MG, Lyta AA, Gavriilidis GI, Tsiftsoglou SA, Miliotou AN, Pappas IS, Vizirianakis IS, Papadopoulou LC, Tsiftsoglou AS. Targeting mitochondrial bioenergetics by combination treatment with imatinib and dichloroacetate in human erythroleukemic K‑562 and colorectal HCT‑116 cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2024; 64:42. [PMID: 38426621 PMCID: PMC10919756 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor malignant cells are characterized by dysregulation of mitochondrial bioenergetics due to the 'Warburg effect'. In the present study, this metabolic imbalance was explored as a potential target for novel cancer chemotherapy. Imatinib (IM) downregulates the expression levels of SCΟ2 and FRATAXIN (FXN) genes involved in the heme‑dependent cytochrome c oxidase biosynthesis and assembly pathway in human erythroleukemic IM‑sensitive K‑562 chronic myeloid leukemia cells (K‑562). In the present study, it was investigated whether the treatment of cancer cells with IM (an inhibitor of oxidative phosphorylation) separately, or together with dichloroacetate (DCA) (an inhibitor of glycolysis), can inhibit cell proliferation or cause death. Human K‑562 and IM‑chemoresistant K‑562 chronic myeloid leukemia cells (K‑562R), as well as human colorectal carcinoma cells HCT‑116 (+/+p53) and (‑/‑p53, with double TP53 knock-in disruptions), were employed. Treatments of these cells with either IM (1 or 2 µM) and/or DCA (4 mΜ) were also assessed for the levels of several process biomarkers including SCO2, FXN, lactate dehydrogenase A, glyceraldehyde‑3‑phosphate dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase M2, hypoxia inducing factor‑1a, heme oxygenase‑1, NF‑κB, stem cell factor and vascular endothelial growth factor via western blot analysis. Computational network biology models were also applied to reveal the connections between the ten proteins examined. Combination treatment of IM with DCA caused extensive cell death (>75%) in K‑562 and considerable (>45%) in HCT‑116 (+/+p53) cultures, but less in K‑562R and HCT‑116 (‑/‑p53), with the latter deficient in full length p53 protein. Such treatment, markedly reduced reactive oxygen species levels, as measured by flow‑cytometry, in K‑562 cells and affected the oxidative phosphorylation and glycolytic biomarkers in all lines examined. These findings indicated, that targeting of cancer mitochondrial bioenergetics with such a combination treatment was very effective, although chemoresistance to IM in leukemia and the absence of a full length p53 in colorectal cells affected its impact.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate/pharmacology
- Imatinib Mesylate/therapeutic use
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
- Apoptosis
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Energy Metabolism
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute
- Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- K562 Cells
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Cell Proliferation
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria G. Kakafika
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Areti A. Lyta
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - George I. Gavriilidis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
| | - Stefanos A. Tsiftsoglou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Androulla N. Miliotou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
- Department of Health Sciences, KES College, Nicosia 1055, Cyprus
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
| | - Ioannis S. Pappas
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Karditsa 43100, Greece
| | - Ioannis S. Vizirianakis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
| | - Lefkothea C. Papadopoulou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Asterios S. Tsiftsoglou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fuselli A, de Los Milagros Bürgi M, Kratje R, Prieto C. Generation and functional evaluation of novel monoclonal antibodies targeting glycosylated human stem cell factor. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:8121-8137. [PMID: 36401641 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12282-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Human stem cell factor (hSCF) is an early-acting growth factor that promotes proliferation, differentiation, migration, and survival in several tissues. It plays a crucial role in hematopoiesis, gametogenesis, melanogenesis, intestinal motility, and in development and recovery of nervous and cardiovascular systems. Potential therapeutic applications comprise anemia treatment, mobilization of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells to peripheral blood, and increasing gene transduction efficiency for gene therapy. Developing new tools to characterize recombinant hSCF in most native-like form as possible is crucial to understand the complexity of its in vivo functions and for improving its biotechnological applications. The soluble domain of hSCF was expressed in HEK293 cells. Highly purified rhSCF showed great molecular mass variability due to the presence of N- and O-linked carbohydrates, and it presented a 2.5-fold increase on proliferative activity compared to bacteria-derived hSCF. Three hybridoma clones producing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with high specificity for the glycoprotein were obtained. 1C4 and 2D3 mAbs were able to detect bacteria-derived and glycosylated rhSCF and demonstrated to be excellent candidates to develop a sandwich ELISA assay for rhSCF quantification, with detection limits of 0.18 and 0.07 ng/ml, respectively. Interestingly, 1A10 mAb only recognized glycosylated rhSCF, suggesting that sugar moieties might be involved in epitope recognition. 1A10 mAb showed the highest binding affinity, and it constituted the best candidate for immunodetection of the entire set rhSCF glycoforms in western blot assays, and for intracellular cytokine staining. Our work shows that combining glycosylated rhSCF expression with hybridoma technology is a powerful strategy to obtain specific suitable immunochemical assays and thus improve glycoprotein-producing bioprocesses. KEY POINTS: • Soluble glycosylated human SCF exerted improved proliferative activity on UT-7 cells. • Three mAbs with high specificity targeting glycosylated human SCF were obtained. • mAbs applications comprise sandwich ELISA, western blot, and immunofluorescence assays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonela Fuselli
- UNL, CONICET, FBCB (School of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences), CBL (Biotechnological Center of Litoral), Cell Culture Laboratory, Ciudad Universitaria, Ruta Nacional 168, Km 472.4, C.C. 242 (S3000ZAA), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María de Los Milagros Bürgi
- UNL, CONICET, FBCB (School of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences), CBL (Biotechnological Center of Litoral), Cell Culture Laboratory, Ciudad Universitaria, Ruta Nacional 168, Km 472.4, C.C. 242 (S3000ZAA), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Ricardo Kratje
- UNL, CONICET, FBCB (School of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences), CBL (Biotechnological Center of Litoral), Cell Culture Laboratory, Ciudad Universitaria, Ruta Nacional 168, Km 472.4, C.C. 242 (S3000ZAA), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Claudio Prieto
- UNL, FBCB (School of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences), CBL (Biotechnological Center of Litoral), Biotechnological Development Laboratory, Ciudad Universitaria, Ruta Nacional 168, Km 472.4, C.C. 242 (S3000ZAA), Santa Fe, Argentina.
- Cellargen Biotech S.R.L., Antonia Godoy 6369 (S3000ZAA), Santa Fe, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang Y, Zou J, Li Y, Jiao X, Wang Y, Zhuo N, Gao M, Gong J, Li J, Zhang X, Wang X, Peng Z, Qi C, Wang Z, Li J, Li Y, Shen L, Zhang H, Lu Z. Serological biomarkers predict immune-related adverse events and clinical benefit in patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancers. Front Immunol 2022; 13:987568. [PMID: 36159840 PMCID: PMC9492966 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.987568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have dramatically improved survival in advanced gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients, but also resulted in immune-related adverse events (irAEs). This study aimed to evaluate serological biomarkers of irAEs and treatment response in GI cancer patients.Patients and methodsMetastatic GI cancer patients were enrolled between August 1, 2015, and July 31, 2017. Serum samples were collected at baseline, and a panel of 59 serum biomarkers was tested. The occurrence of irAEs was analyzed, and serological biomarker expression was correlated with irAE incidence and prognosis.ResultsFifty-one patients were enrolled, of whom 47.1% (24/51) were diagnosed with irAEs, including 4 patients (7.8%) with grade 3-5 irAEs. The most common irAE was thyroiditis (9/51, 17.6%), followed by colitis (7/51, 13.7%). The expression of CD28 (P = 0.042), IL-4 (P = 0.033), IL-15 (P = 0.024) and PD-L1 (P = 0.018) was significantly elevated in patients with grade 3-5 irAEs. For organ-specific irAEs, IL-6 levels were higher in patients with thyroiditis and colitis, while IL-22 and SCF levels were higher in patients with colitis. Increased IL-1α, IL-21, LIF, and PIGF-1 levels were significantly associated with myositis incidence, while the serum levels of six cytokines (BTLA, GM-CSF, IL-4, PD-1, PD-L1 and TIM-3) were higher in patients with rash. Prognostic analysis showed that patients with irAEs had better tumor response (P = 0.029), improved PFS (median survival: undefined vs. 2.1 months, P = 0.002), and extended OS (median survival: undefined vs. 4.3 months, P = 0.003). The prognostic value of irAEs was only significant in patients who received anti-PD-1 inhibitors, but not in those who received anti-PD-L1 inhibitors. Besides, elevated BTLA (median OS: not reached vs. 7 months; P = 0.0168) and PD-1 (median OS: not reached vs. 7 months; P = 0.0223) concentrations were associated with longer OS.ConclusionsSerological proteins are promising markers for predicting immune-related toxicity and prognosis in GI cancer patients. Organ-specific irAEs have various cytokine profiles. Although further validation is needed before clinical application, this study provided a direction for identifying patients at risk for irAEs, and guiding patient selection for ICI therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jianling Zou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Medical Affairs, Genecast Precision Medicine Technology Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Jiao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yujiao Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Na Zhuo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Mengting Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jifang Gong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xicheng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Peng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Changsong Qi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenghang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhihao Lu, ; Henghui Zhang, ; Lin Shen,
| | - Henghui Zhang
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhihao Lu, ; Henghui Zhang, ; Lin Shen,
| | - Zhihao Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhihao Lu, ; Henghui Zhang, ; Lin Shen,
| |
Collapse
|