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Li Q, Zhou S, Liu W, Zhai Z, Pan Y, Liu C, Chern M, Wang H, Huang M, Zhang Z, Tang J, Du H. A chlorophyll a oxygenase 1 gene ZmCAO1 contributes to grain yield and waterlogging tolerance in maize. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:3155-3167. [PMID: 33571996 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophylls function in photosynthesis, and are critical to plant developmental processes and responses to environmental stimuli. Chlorophyll b is synthesized from chlorophyll a by chlorophyll a oxygenase (CAO). Here, we characterize a yellow-green leaf (ygl) mutant and identify the causal gene which encodes a chlorophyll a oxygenase in maize (ZmCAO1). A 51 bp Popin transposon insertion in ZmCAO1 strongly disrupts its transcription. Low enzyme activity of ZmCAO1 leads to reduced concentrations of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, resulting in the yellow-green leaf phenotype of the ygl mutant. The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate are decreased in the ygl mutant, while concentrations of δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), porphobilinogen (PBG) and protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) are increased. In addition, a ZmCAO1 mutation results in down-regulation of key photosynthetic genes, limits photosynthetic assimilation, and reduces plant height, ear size, kernel weight, and grain yield. Furthermore, the zmcao1 mutant shows enhanced reactive oxygen species production leading to sensitivity to waterlogging. These results demonstrate the pleiotropy of ZmCAO1 function in photosynthesis, grain yield, and waterlogging tolerance in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Li
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, P.R.China
| | - Shuangzhen Zhou
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, P.R.China
| | - Wenyu Liu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, P.R.China
| | - Zhensheng Zhai
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, P.R.China
| | - Yitian Pan
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, P.R.China
| | - Changchang Liu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, P.R.China
| | - Mawsheng Chern
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616,USA
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Crops, Yangzte University, Jingzhou 434025, P.R. China
| | - Min Huang
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, P.R.China
| | - Zuxin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070,P.R.China
| | - Jihua Tang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046,P.R.China
| | - Hewei Du
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, P.R.China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Crops, Yangzte University, Jingzhou 434025, P.R. China
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Du H, Zhu J, Su H, Huang M, Wang H, Ding S, Zhang B, Luo A, Wei S, Tian X, Xu Y. Bulked Segregant RNA-seq Reveals Differential Expression and SNPs of Candidate Genes Associated with Waterlogging Tolerance in Maize. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1022. [PMID: 28659961 PMCID: PMC5470080 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Waterlogging has increasingly become one of the major constraints to maize productivity in some maize production zones because it causes serious yield loss. Bulked segregant RNA-seq (BSR-seq) has been widely applied to profile candidate genes and map associated Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers in many species. In this study, 10 waterlogging sensitive and eight tolerant inbred lines were selected from 60 maize inbred lines with waterlogging response determined and preselected by the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) from over 400 tropical maize inbred lines. BSR-seq was performed to identify differentially expressed genes and SNPs associated with waterlogging tolerance. Upon waterlogging stress, 354 and 1094 genes were differentially expressed in the tolerant and sensitive pools, respectively, compared to untreated controls. When tolerant and sensitive pools were compared, 593 genes were differentially expressed under untreated and 431 genes under waterlogged conditions, of which 122 genes overlapped. To validate the BSR-seq results, the expression levels of six genes were determined by qRT-PCR. The qRT-PCR results were consistent with BSR-seq results. Comparison of allelic polymorphism in mRNA sequences between tolerant and sensitive pools revealed 165 (normal condition) and 128 (waterlogged condition) high-probability SNPs. We found 18 overlapping SNPs with genomic positions mapped. Eighteen SNPs were contained in 18 genes, and eight and nine of 18 genes were responsive to waterlogging stress in tolerant and sensitive lines, respectively. Six alleles of the 18 originated from tolerant pool were significantly up-regulated under waterlogging, but not those from sensitive pool. Importantly, one allele (GRMZM2G055704) of the six genes was mapped between umc1619 and umc1948 on chromosome 1 where a QTL associated with waterlogging tolerance was identified in a previous research, strongly indicating that GRMZM2G055704 is a candidate gene responsive to waterlogging. Our research contributes to the knowledge of the molecular mechanism for waterlogging tolerance in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hewei Du
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze UniversityJingzhou, China
- College of Life Science, Yangtze UniversityJingzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze UniversityJingzhou, China
| | - Jianxiong Zhu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze UniversityJingzhou, China
| | - Hang Su
- College of Life Science, Yangtze UniversityJingzhou, China
| | - Ming Huang
- College of Life Science, Yangtze UniversityJingzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze UniversityJingzhou, China
| | - Shuangcheng Ding
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze UniversityJingzhou, China
| | - Binglin Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze UniversityJingzhou, China
| | - An Luo
- College of Life Science, Yangtze UniversityJingzhou, China
| | - Shudong Wei
- College of Life Science, Yangtze UniversityJingzhou, China
| | - Xiaohai Tian
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze UniversityJingzhou, China
| | - Yunbi Xu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze UniversityJingzhou, China
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)Texcoco, Mexico
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
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