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Fujimoto K, Koyama F, Kuge H, Obara S, Iwasa Y, Takei T, Takagi T, Sadamitsu T, Harada S, Uchiyama T, Ohbayashi C, Nishiofuku H, Tanaka T, Sho M. Liver metastases of a neuroendocrine tumor arising from a tailgut cyst treated with interventional locoregional therapies: a case report and review of the literature on recurrent cases. Int Cancer Conf J 2023; 12:93-99. [PMID: 36896206 PMCID: PMC9989112 DOI: 10.1007/s13691-022-00587-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A tailgut cyst is a rare, developmental cyst occurring in the presacral space. Although primarily benign, malignant transformation is a possible complication. Herein, we report a case of liver metastases after resection of a neuroendocrine tumor (NET) arising from a tailgut cyst. A 53-year-old woman underwent surgery for a presacral cystic lesion with nodules in the cyst wall. The tumor was diagnosed as a Grade 2 NET arising from a tailgut cyst. Thirty-eight months after surgery, multiple liver metastases were identified. The liver metastases were controlled with transcatheter arterial embolization and ablation therapy. The patient has survived for 51 months after the recurrence. Several NETs derived from tailgut cysts have been previously reported. According to our literature review, the proportion of Grade 2 tumors in NETs derived from tailgut cysts was 38.5%, and four of the 5 cases of Grade 2 NETs (80%) relapsed, while all eight cases of Grade 1 NETs did not relapse. Grade 2 NET may be a high-risk group for recurrence in NETs arising from tailgut cysts. The percentage of Grade 2 NETs in tailgut cysts was higher than that of rectal NETs, but lower than that of midgut NETs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of liver metastases of a neuroendocrine tumor arising from a tailgut cyst that was treated with interventional locoregional therapies, and the first report to describe about the degree of malignancy of neuroendocrine tumors originating from tailgut cysts in terms of the percentage of Grade 2 NETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Fujimoto
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522 Japan
| | - Fumikazu Koyama
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522 Japan
- Division of Endoscopy, Nara Medical University Hospital, Nara, 634-8522 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kuge
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522 Japan
| | - Shinsaku Obara
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522 Japan
- Division of Endoscopy, Nara Medical University Hospital, Nara, 634-8522 Japan
| | - Yosuke Iwasa
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522 Japan
| | - Takeshi Takei
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522 Japan
| | - Tadataka Takagi
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522 Japan
| | - Tomomi Sadamitsu
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522 Japan
| | - Suzuka Harada
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522 Japan
| | - Tomoko Uchiyama
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, 634-8522 Japan
| | - Chiho Ohbayashi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, 634-8522 Japan
| | - Hideyuki Nishiofuku
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Nara Medical University, Nara, 634-8522 Japan
| | - Toshihiro Tanaka
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Nara Medical University, Nara, 634-8522 Japan
| | - Masayuki Sho
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522 Japan
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Balci B, Yildiz A, Leventoğlu S, Mentes B. Retrorectal tumors: A challenge for the surgeons. World J Gastrointest Surg 2021; 13:1327-1337. [PMID: 34950423 PMCID: PMC8649566 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v13.i11.1327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Retrorectal or presacral tumors are rare lesions located in the presacral area and considered as being derived from multiple embryological remnants. These tumors are classified as congenital, neurogenic, osseous, inflammatory, or miscellaneous. The most common among these are congenital benign lesions that present with non-specific symptoms, such as lower back pain and change in bowel habit. Although congenital and developmental tumors occur in younger patients, the median age of presentation is reported to be 45 years. Magnetic resonance imaging plays a crucial role in treatment management through accurate diagnosis of the lesion, the evaluation of invasion to adjacent structures, and the decision of appropriate surgical approach. The usefulness of preoperative biopsy is still debated; currently, it is only indicated for solid or heterogeneous tumors if it will alter the treatment management. Surgical resection with clear margins is considered the optimal treatment; described approaches are transabdominal, perineal, combined abdominoperineal, and minimally invasive. Benign retrorectal tumors have favorable long-term outcomes with a low incidence of recurrence, whereas malignant tumors have a potential for distant organ metastasis in addition to local recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bengi Balci
- Department of General Surgery, Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Ankara 06060, Turkey
| | - Alp Yildiz
- Department of General Surgery, Ankara Yenimahalle Training and Research Hospital, Ankara 06370, Turkey
| | - Sezai Leventoğlu
- Department of Surgery, Gazi University Medical School, Ankara 06530, Turkey
| | - Bulent Mentes
- Department of General Surgery, Memorial Ankara Hospital, Ankara 06060, Turkey
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Matrood S, Apostolidis L, Schrader J, Krug S, Lahner H, Ramaswamy A, Librizzi D, Kender Z, Kröcher A, Kreutzfeldt S, Gress TM, Rinke A. Multicenter Analysis of Presacral Neuroendocrine Neoplasms-Clinicopathological Characterization and Treatment Outcomes of a Rare Disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:709256. [PMID: 34690926 PMCID: PMC8527170 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.709256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) of the presacral space are an extremely rare disease entity with largely unknown outcome and no established standard of care treatment. Therefore, we wanted to analyze clinical presentation, histopathological findings, treatment outcomes, and prognosis in a multicentric patient cohort. Methods We searched local databases of six German NEN centers for patients with presacral NEN. Retrospective descriptive analyses of age, sex, stage at diagnosis, symptoms, grade, immunohistochemical investigations, biomarkers, treatment, and treatment outcome were performed. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to determine median overall survival. Results We identified 17 patients (11 female, 6 male) with a median age of 50 years (range, 35-66) at diagnosis. Twelve cases presented initially with distant metastases including bone metastases in nine cases. On pathological review the majority of patients had well-differentiated G2 tumors. Immunohistochemical profile resembled rectal NENs. All but one patient had non-functioning tumors. Somatostatin receptor imaging was positive in 14 of 15 investigated cases. Eight patients were treated surgically including palliative resections; 14 patients received somatostatin analogs with limited efficacy. With 14 PRRTs completed, 79% showed clinical benefit, whereas only one patient with neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) responded to chemotherapy. Treatment with everolimus in three patients was not successful, whereas cabozantinib resulted in a disease stabilization in a heavily pretreated patient. During a median observation period of 44.5 months, 6 patients died. Median overall survival was not reached. Conclusion Presacral NEN are histopathologically similar to rectal NENs. Presacral NEN should be considered as possible primary in NEN of unknown primary. The majority of tumors is non-functioning and somatostatin receptor positive. PRRT demonstrated promising activity; tyrosine kinase inhibitors warrant further investigations. Further molecular characterization and prospective evaluation of this rare tumor entity are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Matrood
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, UKGM Marburg and Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Leonidas Apostolidis
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jörg Schrader
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Krug
- Clinic for Internal Medicine I, Martin-Luther University Halle/Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Harald Lahner
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Annette Ramaswamy
- Institute of Pathology, UKGM Marburg and Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Damiano Librizzi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, UKGM Marburg and Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Zoltan Kender
- Department of Internal Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anke Kröcher
- Clinic for Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Simon Kreutzfeldt
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Matthias Gress
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, UKGM Marburg and Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Anja Rinke
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, UKGM Marburg and Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
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Kodera K, Eto S, Fukasawa N, Kai W, Matsumoto T, Hirabayashi T, Kawahara H, Omura N. Laparoscopic resection of a neuroendocrine tumor that almost fully replaced tailgut cysts: a case report. Surg Case Rep 2020; 6:269. [PMID: 33068200 PMCID: PMC7568731 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-020-01044-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) originate from neuroendocrine cells, which are found throughout the body. NETs occur principally in the gastrointestinal tract (approximately 65%) and bronchopulmonary tract (approximately 25%) but rarely occur in the presacral space. Aside from primary and metastatic lesions, there have been reports of NETs occurring in the presacral space arising from tailgut cysts, teratomas, and imperforate anus. We herein report a rare case of laparoscopic resection of a NET in the presacral space, which almost fully replaced tailgut cysts. Case presentation A 68-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for surgery of a right inguinal hernia, but preoperative computed tomography revealed an asymptomatic 43-mm mass in the presacral space. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a multilocular solid mass with clear boundaries and a slightly high signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted images. Positron emission tomography showed 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake. Thus, we suspected a malignant tumor and performed laparoscopic resection to obtain a definitive diagnosis. Macroscopically, the tumor was 43 mm in size with clear boundaries, and the cut surface was a gray-white solid component. Histopathological findings revealed that the tumor was composed of relatively uniform cells with fine chromatin, with round to oval nuclei arranged in solid, trabecular, or rosette-like growth patterns. Small cysts lined with stratified squamous epithelium and columnar epithelium were observed along with solid components of the tumor, which is a feature of tailgut cysts. Therefore, the final diagnosis was NET Grade 1 arising from tailgut cysts. No recurrence was observed within 1 year after surgery. Conclusions We performed en bloc laparoscopic resection of a NET arising from tailgut cysts in the presacral space without injury. In cases of a solid lesion in the presacral space, not only the primary disease but also the pathological condition with tissue transformation and replacement should be considered, as in this case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Kodera
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Nishisaitama-Chuo National Hospital, Wakasa 2-1671,, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama, 359-1151, Japan.
| | - Seiichiro Eto
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Nishisaitama-Chuo National Hospital, Wakasa 2-1671,, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama, 359-1151, Japan
| | - Nei Fukasawa
- Department of Pathology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0003, Japan
| | - Wataru Kai
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Nishisaitama-Chuo National Hospital, Wakasa 2-1671,, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama, 359-1151, Japan
| | - Tomo Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Nishisaitama-Chuo National Hospital, Wakasa 2-1671,, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama, 359-1151, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Hirabayashi
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Nishisaitama-Chuo National Hospital, Wakasa 2-1671,, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama, 359-1151, Japan
| | - Hidejiro Kawahara
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Nishisaitama-Chuo National Hospital, Wakasa 2-1671,, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama, 359-1151, Japan
| | - Nobuo Omura
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Nishisaitama-Chuo National Hospital, Wakasa 2-1671,, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama, 359-1151, Japan
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Currarino triad: A case report of a 48-year-old patient with a neuroendocrine tumor. Radiol Case Rep 2020; 15:1555-1561. [PMID: 32670459 PMCID: PMC7341113 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2020.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Currarino triad is a rare syndrome, with less than 250 cases reported, and it includes a combination of sacrococcigeal bony abnormalities, anorectal malformations and the presence of a presacral mass. Here we present a case of a 48-year-old male patient with history of severe chronic constipation, who was incidentally diagnosed with a presacral during imagiological investigation, which was histologically proven to be a neurendocrine tumor.
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Liang F, Li J, Yu K, Zhang K, Liu T, Li J. Tailgut Cysts with Malignant Transformation: Features, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e919803. [PMID: 31926113 PMCID: PMC6977638 DOI: 10.12659/msm.919803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A tailgut cyst is a type of benign congenital disease that mainly develops in the retro-rectal space. However, malignant transition can occur in some cases of tailgut cysts. Early and precise diagnosis, and proper treatment, are vital for patients with tailgut cysts with malignant transformation. In this review, we aim to summarize the similarities and differences in the diagnosis and treatment methods among the 3 most frequently reported types of tailgut cysts with malignant transformation. In our study, PubMed and Web of Science databases were used to search for the studies and the key words were “tailgut cysts” and “malignancy”. We found 176 articles and selected 75 articles in our survey, with 9 reviews, 35 case reports, and 31 case reports and reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Ke Yu
- Operating Theater and Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Tongjun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Jiannan Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
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Neuroendocrine tumour developing within a long-standing tailgut cyst: case report and review of the literature. Clin J Gastroenterol 2019; 12:539-551. [PMID: 31147970 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-019-00998-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A tailgut cyst is a rare congenital lesion that can develop in the presacral space from the remnants of an embryonic hindgut. It is unusual for malignant change to occur in a tailgut cyst. We report a case of a large long-standing tailgut cyst, which was removed during a laparotomy. Histopathology showed a well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumour (primary carcinoid tumour) arising in a tailgut cyst. We reviewed the English literature for all adult cases with this condition. All original articles were reviewed, and data were compiled and tabulated. Including this report, 29 cases of NET developing in a tailgut cyst were found in the English literature. Tailgut cysts have been reported as more common in females, with a mean age of presentation in the fifth decade (Devine, in: Zbar A, Wexner S (eds) Coloproctology. Springer specialist surgery series, Springer, London, 2010; Hjermstad and Helwig in Am J Clin Pathol 89:139-147, 1988). Tailgut cysts may undergo malignant change including adenocarcinoma, sarcoma, and NET (Mathis et al. Br J Surg 97:575-579, 2010; Messick in Dis Colon Rectum 61:151-153, 2018; Patsouras et al. in Colorectal Dis 17:724-729, 2015; Chereau et al in Colorectal Dis 15:e476-e482, 2013). It is difficult to estimate the true incidence of malignant change in a tailgut cyst, with the literature reports only limited to case reports and small-case series. Although rare, our case confirms need to consider the possibility of a malignant component, even in a benign process such as a tailgut cyst. This prompts consideration for upfront definitive management.
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Erdrich J, Schaberg KB, Khodadoust MS, Zhou L, Shelton AA, Visser BC, Ford JM, Alizadeh AA, Quake SR, Kunz PL, Beausang JF. Surgical and molecular characterization of primary and metastatic disease in a neuroendocrine tumor arising in a tailgut cyst. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2018; 4:mcs.a003004. [PMID: 30087100 PMCID: PMC6169824 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a003004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) arising from tailgut cysts are a rare but increasingly reported entity with gene expression profiles that may be indicative of the gastrointestinal cell of origin. We present a case report describing the unique pathological and genomic characteristics of a tailgut cyst NET that metastasized to liver. The histologic and immunohistochemical findings were consistent with a well-differentiated NET. Genomic testing indicates a germline frameshift in BRCA1 and a few somatic mutations of unknown significance. Transcriptomic analysis suggests an enteroendocrine L cell in the tailgut as a putative cell of origin. Genomic profiling of a rare NET and metastasis provides insight into its origin, development, and potential therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Erdrich
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Kurt B Schaberg
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Michael S Khodadoust
- Department of Medicine/Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Li Zhou
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Andrew A Shelton
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Brendan C Visser
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - James M Ford
- Department of Medicine/Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.,Department of Genetics; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Ash A Alizadeh
- Department of Medicine/Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Stephen R Quake
- Department of Bioengineering and Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University and Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Pamela L Kunz
- Department of Medicine/Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - John F Beausang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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Al Khaldi M, Mesbah A, Dubé P, Isler M, Mitchell A, Doyon J, Sideris L. Neuroendocrine carcinoma arising in a tailgut cyst. Int J Surg Case Rep 2018; 49:91-95. [PMID: 29966957 PMCID: PMC6039892 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2018.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A tailgut cyst, also called retrorectal cystic hamartoma, is a rare congenital lesion that forms most commonly in the retrorectal space. It is presumed to arise from remnants of early embryogenesis. PRESENTATION OF CASE The following report describes a unique case of a retrorectal cystic hamartoma in a 53 year-old French Canadian man with a history of low back pain. The tumour underwent malignant transformation into a well-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma three years after the beginning of symptoms. DISCUSSION This condition can be found at any age, but occurs especially among middle-aged women. Not only is it frequently misdiagnosed, but also several complications associated to the cyst have been reported such as infection and malignant transformation. This is why complete surgical excision of the tailgut cyst is currently recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maher Al Khaldi
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgical Oncology, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosement, University of Montreal, Canada.
| | - Amanda Mesbah
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgical Oncology, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosement, University of Montreal, Canada
| | - Pierre Dubé
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgical Oncology, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosement, University of Montreal, Canada
| | - Marc Isler
- Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosement, University of Montreal, Canada
| | - Andrew Mitchell
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosement, University of Montreal, Canada
| | - Josée Doyon
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosement, University of Montreal, Canada
| | - Lucas Sideris
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgical Oncology, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosement, University of Montreal, Canada
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[Retrorectal space-occupying lesion: a rare differential diagnosis]. Chirurg 2016; 87:785-789. [PMID: 26960335 DOI: 10.1007/s00104-016-0161-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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