1
|
Rios SA, Oyervides S, Uribe D, Reyes AM, Fanniel V, Vazquez J, Keniry M. Emerging Therapies for Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1485. [PMID: 38672566 PMCID: PMC11048459 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is most commonly a primary brain tumor and the utmost malignant one, with a survival rate of approximately 12-18 months. Glioblastoma is highly heterogeneous, demonstrating that different types of cells from the same tumor can manifest distinct gene expression patterns and biological behaviors. Conventional therapies such as temozolomide, radiation, and surgery have limitations. As of now, there is no cure for glioblastoma. Alternative treatment methods to eradicate glioblastoma are discussed in this review, including targeted therapies to PI3K, NFKβ, JAK-STAT, CK2, WNT, NOTCH, Hedgehog, and TGFβ pathways. The highly novel application of oncolytic viruses and nanomaterials in combating glioblastoma are also discussed. Despite scores of clinical trials for glioblastoma, the prognosis remains poor. Progress in breaching the blood-brain barrier with nanomaterials and novel avenues for targeted and combination treatments hold promise for the future development of efficacious glioblastoma therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Megan Keniry
- School of Integrative Biological and Chemical Sciences, College of Sciences, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA; (S.A.R.); (D.U.); (A.M.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Munquad S, Das AB. Uncovering the subtype-specific disease module and the development of drug response prediction models for glioma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27190. [PMID: 38468932 PMCID: PMC10926146 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The poor prognosis of glioma patients brought attention to the need for effective therapeutic approaches for precision therapy. Here, we deployed algorithms relying on network medicine and artificial intelligence to design the framework for subtype-specific target identification and drug response prediction in glioma. We identified the driver mutations that were differentially expressed in each subtype of lower-grade glioma and glioblastoma multiforme and were linked to cancer-specific processes. Driver mutations that were differentially expressed were also subjected to subtype-specific disease module identification. The drugs from the drug bank database were retrieved to target these disease modules. However, the efficacy of anticancer drugs depends on the molecular profile of the cancer and varies among cancer patients due to intratumor heterogeneity. Hence, we developed a deep-learning-based drug response prediction framework using the experimental drug screening data. Models for 30 drugs that can target the disease module were developed, where drug response measured by IC50 was considered a response and gene expression and mutation data were considered predictor variables. The model construction consists of three steps: feature selection, data integration, and classification. We observed the consistent performance of the models in training, test, and validation datasets. Drug responses were predicted for particular cell lines derived from distinct subtypes of gliomas. We found that subtypes of gliomas respond differently to the drug, highlighting the importance of subtype-specific drug response prediction. Therefore, the development of personalized therapy by integrating network medicine and a deep learning-based approach can lead to cancer-specific treatment and improved patient care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sana Munquad
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, 506004, Telangana, India
| | - Asim Bikas Das
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, 506004, Telangana, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Frumento D, Grossi G, Falesiedi M, Musumeci F, Carbone A, Schenone S. Small Molecule Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) for Glioblastoma Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1398. [PMID: 38338677 PMCID: PMC10855061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, many small molecules, usually characterized by heterocyclic scaffolds, have been designed and synthesized as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Among them, several compounds have been tested at preclinical and clinical levels to treat glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). GBM is the most common and aggressive type of cancer originating in the brain and has an unfavorable prognosis, with a median survival of 15-16 months and a 5-year survival rate of 5%. Despite recent advances in treating GBM, it represents an incurable disease associated with treatment resistance and high recurrence rates. For these reasons, there is an urgent need for the development of new pharmacological agents to fight this malignancy. In this review, we reported the compounds published in the last five years, which showed promising activity in GBM preclinical models acting as TKIs. We grouped the compounds based on the targeted kinase: first, we reported receptor TKIs and then, cytoplasmic and peculiar kinase inhibitors. For each small molecule, we included the chemical structure, and we schematized the interaction with the target for some representative compounds with the aim of elucidating the mechanism of action. Finally, we cited the most relevant clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Francesca Musumeci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (D.F.); (G.G.); (M.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Anna Carbone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (D.F.); (G.G.); (M.F.); (S.S.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hu P, Wang T, Yan H, Huang Y, Zhao Y, Gao Y. Crucial role of hsa-mir-503, hsa-mir-1247, and their validation in prostate cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:12966-12981. [PMID: 37980162 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PC) is a common urinary system malignancy, and advanced PC patients had a poor prognosis due to recurrence or distant metastasis. Therefore, it's imperative to reveal more details in tumorigenesis and prognosis of PC patients. METHODS The miRNA and mRNA expression profile data of 485 PC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The univariate Cox regression was applied to screen miRNAs relating to prognosis of PC. Then miRTarBase was used to predict target mRNAs of miRNAs. The hsa-mir-503/hsa-mir-1247 knockdown in 22RV1 cells was established to evaluate the effect of these two miRNAs on tumor cell migration and invasion ability. Flow cytometry was used to detect the effect of hsa-mir-503/hsa-mir-1247 knockdown on 22RV1 apoptosis rate. RESULTS Univariate Cox regression analysis identified hsa-mir-503 as a poor and hsa-mir-1247 as a favorable prognostic marker. Totally 649 target mRNAs were screened, among which DUSP19, FGF2, and SLC2A5 had a negative correlation with hsa-mir-503, while FGF2 and VSTM4 had a positive correlation with hsa-mir-1247. In 22RV1 cells, hsa-mir-503 was up-regulated, and hsa-mir-1247 was down-regulated. hsa-mir-503 knockdown attenuated the migration and invasion of 22RV1 cells, while hsa-mir-1247 knockdown exhibited the opposite effect. In addition, hsa-mir-503 knockdown promoted 22RV1 cell apoptosis. hsa-mir-1247 overexpression significantly inhibited the tumor growth of PC in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Herein, we demonstrated that hsa-mir-503 and hsa-mir-1247 could serve as new prognostic markers of PC, and hsa-mir-1247 had great potential to inhibit PC progression by suppressing the migration and invasion ability in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Hu
- The First Department of Medical Oncology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, P.R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- The Second Department of Surgical Oncology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, P.R. China
| | - Hui Yan
- The Second Department of Medicine Oncology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, P.R. China
| | - Ying Huang
- The Third Department of Medicine Oncology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, P.R. China
| | - Yanjiao Zhao
- The Third Department of Medicine Oncology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Gao
- The Third Department of Medicine Oncology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nafe R, Hattingen E. The Spectrum of Molecular Pathways in Gliomas-An Up-to-Date Review. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2281. [PMID: 37626776 PMCID: PMC10452344 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last 20 years, molecular alterations have gained increasing significance in the diagnosis and biological assessment of tumors. Gliomas represent the largest group of tumors of the central nervous system, and the main aim of this review is to present the current knowledge on molecular pathways and their alterations in gliomas. A wide range of new insights has been gained, including evidence for the involvement of the WNT pathway or the hippo pathway in the pathobiology of gliomas, indicating a broad involvement of different pathways formerly not considered to play a central role in gliomas. Even new aspects of angiogenic, apoptotic, and metabolic pathways are presented, as well as the rapidly growing field of epigenetic processes, including non-coding RNAs. The two major conclusions drawn from the present review are the distinct interconnectivity of the whole spectrum of molecular pathways and the prominent role of non-coding RNAs, especially circular RNAs, in the regulation of specific targets. All these new insights are discussed, even considering the topic of the resistance to therapy of gliomas, along with aspects that are still incompletely understood, like the role of hydroxymethylation, or even ferroptosis, in the pathobiology of gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reinhold Nafe
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinics of Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Schleusenweg 2-16, D-60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Song Y, Li X, He X, Zhou F, Du F, Wang Z, Chen S, Wu D. Dose-escalating ruxolitinib for refractory hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1211655. [PMID: 37457729 PMCID: PMC10339381 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1211655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a severe disorder characterized by excessive secretion of cytokines. Even with the recommended HLH-94/2004 regimen, over 30% of patients remain refractory to frontline therapy or relapse after an initial response, leading to poor clinical outcomes. Ruxolitinib, a JAK1/2 inhibitor targets key cytokines in HLH, has shown promising therapeutic effects. However, there has been little attention given to patients who do not respond to ruxolitinib and whether an escalating dose can provide a resolution. Methods This study analyzed eight HLH patients who received dose-escalating ruxolitinib who had previously failed to respond to the general dose. The efficacy and safety were mainly analyzed. Results Overall, four out of eight (50%) patients achieved better remission after dose escalation. Two patients who only showed improvement with the general dose achieved complete remission (CR) after dose escalation, and the other two patients also achieved CR after dose escalation when they did not respond to the general dose. The median time to achieve the best overall response was 18.5 days (IQR 13.25-23.75 days). There was no correlation of treatment outcome with blood count, liver function, LDH, cytokines, ferritin levels, NK cell activity, or the time to initiation of ruxolitinib and maximum dosage. The etiology of HLH (p=0.029) and level of sCD25 (p=0.021) correlated with treatment response to dose-escalating ruxolitinib. The area of sCD25 under the ROC curve was 0.8125 (95% CI 0.5921 to 1.033, p=0.035) when using 10,000 pg/ml as the cut-off value for predicting therapeutic effects. After a median follow-up of 159 days, two patients died, and the estimated 2-month overall survival rate was 75%. Adverse effects possibly related to the dose-escalating of ruxolitinib included two cases of extremity pain and one of aminotransferase increased. No grade 3 or higher adverse events were reported. Conclusion This is the first comprehensive study on the use of dose-escalating ruxolitinib in HLH. Ruxolitinib at an escalated dose represent a viable and relatively safe solution for managing refractory HLH. The levels of sCD25 (with a cut-off of 10000pg/ml) can serve as an indicator for early consideration of chemotherapy during treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Song
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Department of Hematology, Soochow Hopes Hematonosis Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuefeng He
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Feng Du
- Department of Hematology, Soochow Hopes Hematonosis Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziyan Wang
- Department of Hematology, Soochow Hopes Hematonosis Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Suning Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Depei Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang Z, Dai Z, Zhang H, Liang X, Zhang X, Wen Z, Luo P, Zhang J, Liu Z, Zhang M, Cheng Q. Tumor-secreted lactate contributes to an immunosuppressive microenvironment and affects CD8 T-cell infiltration in glioblastoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:894853. [PMID: 37122693 PMCID: PMC10130393 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.894853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Glioblastoma is a malignant brain tumor with poor prognosis. Lactate is the main product of tumor cells, and its secretion may relate to immunocytes' activation. However, its role in glioblastoma is poorly understood. Methods This work performed bulk RNA-seq analysis and single cell RNA-seq analysis to explore the role of lactate in glioblastoma progression. Over 1400 glioblastoma samples were grouped into different clusters according to their expression and the results were validated with our own data, the xiangya cohort. Immunocytes infiltration analysis, immunogram and the map of immune checkpoint genes' expression were applied to analyze the potential connection between the lactate level with tumor immune microenvironment. Furthermore, machine learning algorithms and cell-cell interaction algorithm were introduced to reveal the connection of tumor cells with immunocytes. By co-culturing CD8 T cells with tumor cells, and performing immunohistochemistry on Xiangya cohort samples further validated results from previous analysis. Discussion In this work, lactate is proved that contributes to glioblastoma immune suppressive microenvironment. High level of lactate in tumor microenvironment can affect CD8 T cells' migration and infiltration ratio in glioblastoma. To step further, potential compounds that targets to samples from different groups were also predicted for future exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ziyu Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xisong Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhipeng Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Diagnosis and Therapy Center for Gliomas of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Diagnosis and Therapy Center for Gliomas of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bahlmann LC, Xue C, Chin AA, Skirzynska A, Lu J, Thériault B, Uehling D, Yerofeyeva Y, Peters R, Liu K, Chen J, Martel AL, Yaffe M, Al-Awar R, Goswami RS, Ylanko J, Andrews DW, Kuruvilla J, Laister RC, Shoichet MS. Targeting tumour-associated macrophages in hodgkin lymphoma using engineered extracellular matrix-mimicking cryogels. Biomaterials 2023; 297:122121. [PMID: 37075613 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Tumour-associated macrophages are linked with poor prognosis and resistance to therapy in Hodgkin lymphoma; however, there are no suitable preclinical models to identify macrophage-targeting therapeutics. We used primary human tumours to guide the development of a mimetic cryogel, wherein Hodgkin (but not Non-Hodgkin) lymphoma cells promoted primary human macrophage invasion. In an invasion inhibitor screen, we identified five drug hits that significantly reduced tumour-associated macrophage invasion: marimastat, batimastat, AS1517499, ruxolitinib, and PD-169316. Importantly, ruxolitinib has demonstrated recent success in Hodgkin lymphoma clinical trials. Both ruxolitinib and PD-169316 (a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) inhibitor) decreased the percent of M2-like macrophages; however, only PD-169316 enhanced the percentage of M1-like macrophages. We validated p38 MAPK as an anti-invasion drug target with five additional drugs using a high-content imaging platform. With our biomimetic cryogel, we modeled macrophage invasion in Hodgkin lymphoma and then used it for target discovery and drug screening, ultimately identifying potential future therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Bahlmann
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada; The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, 160 College St, Ontario, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Chang Xue
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada; The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, 160 College St, Ontario, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Allysia A Chin
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, 160 College St, Ontario, M5S 3E1, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Arianna Skirzynska
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada; The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, 160 College St, Ontario, M5S 3E1, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Joy Lu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada; The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, 160 College St, Ontario, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Brigitte Thériault
- Drug Discovery Program, Ontario Institute of Cancer Research, 661 University Ave Suite 510, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - David Uehling
- Drug Discovery Program, Ontario Institute of Cancer Research, 661 University Ave Suite 510, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Yulia Yerofeyeva
- Biomarker Imaging Research Laboratory, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Rachel Peters
- Biomarker Imaging Research Laboratory, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Kela Liu
- Biomarker Imaging Research Laboratory, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Jianan Chen
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College St Suite 15-701, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Anne L Martel
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College St Suite 15-701, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada; Physical Sciences, Odette Cancer Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Martin Yaffe
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College St Suite 15-701, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada; Physical Sciences, Odette Cancer Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Rima Al-Awar
- Drug Discovery Program, Ontario Institute of Cancer Research, 661 University Ave Suite 510, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A3, Canada; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Rashmi S Goswami
- Biological Sciences, Odette Cancer Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jarkko Ylanko
- Biological Sciences, Odette Cancer Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - David W Andrews
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College St Suite 15-701, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada; Biological Sciences, Odette Cancer Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - John Kuruvilla
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 610 University Ave, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Rob C Laister
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 610 University Ave, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C1, Canada.
| | - Molly S Shoichet
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada; The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, 160 College St, Ontario, M5S 3E1, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bărăian AI, Iacob BC, Sorițău O, Tomuță I, Tefas LR, Barbu-Tudoran L, Șușman S, Bodoki E. Ruxolitinib-Loaded Imprinted Polymeric Drug Reservoir for the Local Management of Post-Surgical Residual Glioblastoma Cells. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15040965. [PMID: 36850247 PMCID: PMC9962605 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The current limitations of glioblastoma (GBM) chemotherapy were addressed by developing a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-based drug reservoir designed for the localized and sustained release of ruxolitinib (RUX) within the tumor post-resection cavity, targeting residual infiltrative cancerous cells, with minimum toxic effects toward normal tissue. (2) Methods: MIP reservoirs were synthesized by precipitation polymerization using acrylamide, trifluoromethacrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and styrene as monomers. Drug release profiles were evaluated by real-time and accelerated release studies in phosphate-buffered solution as a release medium. The cytotoxicity of polymers and free monomers was evaluated in vitro on GBM C6 cells using the Alamar Blue assay, optical microscopy, and CCK8 cell viability assay. (3) Results: Among the four synthesized MIPs, trifluoromethacrylic acid-based polymer (MIP 2) was superior in terms of loading capacity (69.9 μg RUX/mg MIP), drug release, and efficacy on GBM cells. Accelerated drug release studies showed that, after 96 h, MIP 2 released 42% of the loaded drug at pH = 7.4, with its kinetics fitted to the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. The cell viability assay proved that all studied imprinted polymers provided high efficacy on GBM cells. (4) Conclusions: Four different drug-loaded MIPs were developed and characterized within this study, with the purpose of obtaining a drug delivery system (DDS) embedded in a fibrin-based hydrogel for the local, post-surgical administration of RUX in GBM in animal models. MIP 2 emerged as superior to the others, making it more suitable and promising for further in vivo testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra-Iulia Bărăian
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bogdan-Cezar Iacob
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Olga Sorițău
- Institute of Oncology “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuță”, Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology and Radiobiology, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioan Tomuță
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lucia Ruxandra Tefas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | - Sergiu Șușman
- Department of Morphological Sciences, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Pathology, IMOGEN Research Centre, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ede Bodoki
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zaim Ö, Doğanlar O, Banu Doğanlar Z, Özcan H, Zreigh MM, Kurtdere K. Novel synthesis naringenin-benzyl piperazine derivatives prevent glioblastoma invasion by inhibiting the hypoxia-induced IL6/JAK2/STAT3 axis and activating caspase-dependent apoptosis. Bioorg Chem 2022; 129:106209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
11
|
Li G, Cheng Y, Han C, Song C, Huang N, Du Y. Pyrazole-containing pharmaceuticals: target, pharmacological activity, and their SAR studies. RSC Med Chem 2022; 13:1300-1321. [PMID: 36439976 PMCID: PMC9667768 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00206j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrazole is a five-membered heterocycle bearing two adjacent nitrogen atoms. Both pharmaceutical agents and natural products with pyrazole as a nucleus have exhibited a broad spectrum of biological activities. In the last few decades, more than 40 pyrazole-containing drugs have been approved by the FDA for the treatment of a broad range of clinical conditions including celecoxib (anti-inflammatory), CDPPB (antipsychotic), difenamizole (analgesic), etc. Owing to the unique physicochemical properties of the pyrazole core, pyrazole-containing drugs may exert better pharmacokinetics and pharmacological effects compared with drugs containing similar heterocyclic rings. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of all the existing drugs bearing a pyrazole nucleus that have been approved or in clinical trials, involving their pharmacological activities and SAR studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangchen Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Yifu Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Chi Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Chun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University Qing Dao City Shandong Province 266237 China
| | - Niu Huang
- National Institution of Biological Sciences Beijing, No. 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park Beijing 102206 China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University Beijing 102206 China
| | - Yunfei Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wu H, Wei M, Li Y, Ma Q, Zhang H. Research Progress on the Regulation Mechanism of Key Signal Pathways Affecting the Prognosis of Glioma. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2022.910543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
As is known to all, glioma, a global difficult problem, has a high malignant degree, high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. We analyzed and summarized signal pathway of the Hippo/YAP, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, miRNA, WNT/β-catenin, Notch, Hedgehog, TGF-β, TCS/mTORC1 signal pathway, JAK/STAT signal pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, the relationship between BBB and signal pathways and the mechanism of key enzymes in glioma. It is concluded that Yap1 inhibitor may become an effective target for the treatment of glioma in the near future through efforts of generation after generation. Inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Shh, Wnt/β-Catenin, and HIF-1α can reduce the migration ability and drug resistance of tumor cells to improve the prognosis of glioma. The analysis shows that Notch1 and Sox2 have a positive feedback regulation mechanism, and Notch4 predicts the malignant degree of glioma. In this way, notch cannot only be treated for glioma stem cells in clinic, but also be used as an evaluation index to evaluate the prognosis, and provide an exploratory attempt for the direction of glioma treatment. MiRNA plays an important role in diagnosis, and in the treatment of glioma, VPS25, KCNQ1OT1, KB-1460A1.5, and CKAP4 are promising prognostic indicators and a potential therapeutic targets for glioma, meanwhile, Rheb is also a potent activator of Signaling cross-talk etc. It is believed that these studies will help us to have a deeper understanding of glioma, so that we will find new and better treatment schemes to gradually conquer the problem of glioma.
Collapse
|
13
|
Wu H, Wei M, Li Y, Ma Q, Zhang H. Research Progress on the Regulation Mechanism of Key Signal Pathways Affecting the Prognosis of Glioma. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:910543. [PMID: 35935338 PMCID: PMC9354928 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.910543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As is known to all, glioma, a global difficult problem, has a high malignant degree, high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. We analyzed and summarized signal pathway of the Hippo/YAP, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, miRNA, WNT/β-catenin, Notch, Hedgehog, TGF-β, TCS/mTORC1 signal pathway, JAK/STAT signal pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, the relationship between BBB and signal pathways and the mechanism of key enzymes in glioma. It is concluded that Yap1 inhibitor may become an effective target for the treatment of glioma in the near future through efforts of generation after generation. Inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Shh, Wnt/β-Catenin, and HIF-1α can reduce the migration ability and drug resistance of tumor cells to improve the prognosis of glioma. The analysis shows that Notch1 and Sox2 have a positive feedback regulation mechanism, and Notch4 predicts the malignant degree of glioma. In this way, notch cannot only be treated for glioma stem cells in clinic, but also be used as an evaluation index to evaluate the prognosis, and provide an exploratory attempt for the direction of glioma treatment. MiRNA plays an important role in diagnosis, and in the treatment of glioma, VPS25, KCNQ1OT1, KB-1460A1.5, and CKAP4 are promising prognostic indicators and a potential therapeutic targets for glioma, meanwhile, Rheb is also a potent activator of Signaling cross-talk etc. It is believed that these studies will help us to have a deeper understanding of glioma, so that we will find new and better treatment schemes to gradually conquer the problem of glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Yangzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Min Wei
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Yangzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuping Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Yangzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Yangzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hengzhu Zhang
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Yangzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Hengzhu Zhang,
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bi Y, Wu ZH, Cao F. Prognostic value and immune relevancy of a combined autophagy-, apoptosis- and necrosis-related gene signature in glioblastoma. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:233. [PMID: 35241019 PMCID: PMC8892733 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09328-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is considered the most malignant and devastating intracranial tumor without effective treatment. Autophagy, apoptosis, and necrosis, three classically known cell death pathways, can provide novel clinical and immunological insights, which may assist in designing personalized therapeutics. In this study, we developed and validated an effective signature based on autophagy-, apoptosis- and necrosis-related genes for prognostic implications in GBM patients. Methods Variations in the expression of genes involved in autophagy, apoptosis and necrosis were explored in 518 GBM patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Univariate Cox analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis, and multivariate Cox analysis were performed to construct a combined prognostic signature. Kaplan–Meier survival, receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Cox regression analyses based on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were conducted to estimate the independent prognostic performance of the gene signature. The Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) dataset was used for external validation. Finally, we investigated the differences in the immune microenvironment between different prognostic groups and predicted potential compounds targeting each group. Results A 16-gene cell death index (CDI) was established. Patients were clustered into either the high risk or the low risk groups according to the CDI score, and those in the low risk group presented significantly longer OS and PFS than the high CDI group. ROC curves demonstrated outstanding performance of the gene signature in both the training and validation groups. Furthermore, immune cell analysis identified higher infiltration of neutrophils, macrophages, Treg, T helper cells, and aDCs, and lower infiltration of B cells in the high CDI group. Interestingly, this group also showed lower expression levels of immune checkpoint molecules PDCD1 and CD200, and higher expression levels of PDCD1LG2, CD86, CD48 and IDO1. Conclusion Our study proposes that the CDI signature can be utilized as a prognostic predictor and may guide patients’ selection for preferential use of immunotherapy in GBM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09328-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Bi
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zeng-Hong Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Fei Cao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Qian ZY, Kong RY, Zhang S, Wang BY, Chang J, Cao J, Wu CQ, Huang ZY, Duan A, Li HJ, Yang L, Cao XJ. Ruxolitinib attenuates secondary injury after traumatic spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:2029-2035. [PMID: 35142693 PMCID: PMC8848590 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.335165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive inflammation post-traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) induces microglial activation, which leads to prolonged neurological dysfunction. However, the mechanism underlying microglial activation-induced neuroinflammation remains poorly understood. Ruxolitinib (RUX), a selective inhibitor of JAK1/2, was recently reported to inhibit inflammatory storms caused by SARS-CoV-2 in the lung. However, its role in disrupting inflammation post-SCI has not been confirmed. In this study, microglia were treated with RUX for 24 hours and then activated with interferon-γ for 6 hours. The results showed that interferon-γ-induced phosphorylation of JAK and STAT in microglia was inhibited, and the mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and cell proliferation marker Ki67 were reduced. In further in vivo experiments, a mouse model of spinal cord injury was treated intragastrically with RUX for 3 successive days, and the findings suggest that RUX can inhibit microglial proliferation by inhibiting the interferon-γ/JAK/STAT pathway. Moreover, microglia treated with RUX centripetally migrated toward injured foci, remaining limited and compacted within the glial scar, which resulted in axon preservation and less demyelination. Moreover, the protein expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 were reduced. The neuromotor function of SCI mice also recovered. These findings suggest that RUX can inhibit neuroinflammation through inhibiting the interferon-γ/JAK/STAT pathway, thereby reducing secondary injury after SCI and producing neuroprotective effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Yang Qian
- Spine Center, Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University; Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ren-Yi Kong
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin-Yu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiang Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chao-Qin Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zi-Yan Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ao Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hai-Jun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Hospital Affiliated 5 to Nantong University (Taizhou People's Hospital); Taizhou Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Hospital Affiliated 5 to Nantong University (Taizhou People's Hospital); Taizhou Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Jian Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gao AH, Hu YR, Zhu WP. IFN-γ inhibits ovarian cancer progression via SOCS1/JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 24:57-65. [PMID: 34275119 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02668-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ovarian cancer (OC) is a common malignancy, and IFN-γ, a multifunctional cytokine, is unveiled to impede the multiplication and enhance apoptosis in diverse tumor cells in previous research. Nonetheless, its function and mechanism in OC are blurred. METHODS OC cell lines SKOV3 and OVCAR3 were dealt with different concentrations (0-40 ng/ml) of IFN-γ. CCK-8 experiment was utilized to examine cell multiplication; Flow cytometry was executed to detect apoptosis and cell cycle; Wound healing assay was utilized to detect cell migration; and Transwell experiment was implemented to examine cell invasion. qRT-PCR analysis was applied to detect STAT5, STAT3, JAK2 and JAK3 mRNA expression in OC cell lines. Western blot experiment was applied to detect the protein and phosphorylation levels of SOCS1, STAT5 and STAT3. RESULTS IFN-γ suppressed OC cell multiplication in a concentration-dependent manner. Relative to the control group, IFN-γ restrained OC cell migration, invasion, enhanced apoptosis and prevented cell transformation from G0/G1 to S phase. Further analysis revealed that IFN-γ up-modulated SOCS1 expression and impeded STAT5 and STAT3 protein phosphorylation levels, and knockdown of SOCS1 partially counteracted the inhibitory effect of IFN-γ on STAT5 and STAT3 protein phosphorylation levels. CONCLUSION IFN-γ represses OC progression by facilitating SOCS1 to suppress STAT3 and STAT5 protein phosphorylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A H Gao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.1055 sanxiang road, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Y R Hu
- Department of Scientific Research Management, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University), Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China.
| | - W P Zhu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.1055 sanxiang road, Suzhou, 215004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Vazquez N, Lopez A, Cuello V, Persans M, Schuenzel E, Innis-Whitehouse W, Keniry M. NVP-BEZ235 or JAKi Treatment leads to decreased survival of examined GBM and BBC cells. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2021; 27:100340. [PMID: 33636591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2021.100340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells almost universally harbor constitutively active Phosphatidylinositol-3 Kinase (PI3K) Pathway activity via mutation of key signaling components and/or epigenetic mechanisms. Scores of PI3K Pathway inhibitors are currently under investigation as putative chemotherapeutics. However, feedback and stem cell mechanisms induced by PI3K Pathway inhibition can lead to reduced treatment efficacy. To address therapeutic barriers, we examined whether JAKi would reduce stem gene expression in a setting of PI3K Pathway inhibition in order to improve treatment efficacy. We targeted the PI3K Pathway with NVP-BEZ235 (dual PI3K and mTOR inhibitor) in combination with the Janus Kinase inhibitor JAKi in glioblastoma (GBM) and basal-like breast cancer (BBC) cell lines. We examined growth, gene expression, and apoptosis in cells treated with NVP-BEZ235 and/or JAKi. Growth and recovery assays showed no significant impact of dual treatment with NVP-BEZ235/JAKi compared to NVP-BEZ235 treatment alone. Gene expression and flow cytometry revealed that single and dual treatments induced apoptosis. Stem gene expression was retained in dual NVP-BEZ235/JAKi treatment samples. Future in vivo studies may give further insight into the impact of combined NVP-BEZ235/JAKi treatment in GBM and BBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neftali Vazquez
- Department of Biology, University of Texas- Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W. University Dr., Edinburg, TX 78539, United States
| | - Alma Lopez
- Department of Biology, University of Texas- Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W. University Dr., Edinburg, TX 78539, United States
| | - Victoria Cuello
- Department of Biology, University of Texas- Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W. University Dr., Edinburg, TX 78539, United States
| | - Michael Persans
- Department of Biology, University of Texas- Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W. University Dr., Edinburg, TX 78539, United States
| | - Erin Schuenzel
- Department of Biology, University of Texas- Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W. University Dr., Edinburg, TX 78539, United States
| | - Wendy Innis-Whitehouse
- School of Medicine, University of Texas- Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W. University Dr., Edinburg, TX 78539, United States
| | - Megan Keniry
- Department of Biology, University of Texas- Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W. University Dr., Edinburg, TX 78539, United States.
| |
Collapse
|