Effect of 0.1% Bromfenac for Preventing Macular Edema after Cataract Surgery in Patients with Diabetes

Purpose

To investigate the effect of 0.1% bromfenac sodium hydrate ophthalmic solution for prevention of macular edema after cataract surgery in patients with diabetes.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of 75 patients with diabetes who underwent cataract surgery was performed. Thirty-eight patients (52 eyes) were instilled with 0.1% bromfenac solution (bromfenac group) and 37 patients (46 eyes) were not (control group).

Results

There were no significant preoperative between-group differences. Compared to the control group, at 1 month after surgery, the bromfenac group showed slightly better best-corrected visual acuity (0.12 ± 0.12 vs. 0.32 ± 0.42, p = 0.142), lower central macular thickness (265.58 ± 31.28 vs. 314.15 ± 76.11 µm, p < 0.001), and lower macular volume (8.46 ± 0.60 vs. 9.14 ± 1.53 mm³, p = 0.022). There were no significant differences between the two groups at 4 and 6 months postoperatively (p > 0.05). Mean changes in central macular thickness showed significant differences at 1 and 4 months postoperatively (−1.44 ± 11.72 and 10.44 ± 22.48 µm in bromfenac group vs. 47.19 ± 70.24 and 31.69 ± 48.04 µm in control group, p < 0.001 and p = 0.016) and mean changes in macular volume showed a significant difference at 1 month postoperatively (−0.08 ± 0.47 mm³ in bromfenac group vs. 0.58 ± 1.28 mm³ in control group, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences thereafter (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

Treatment with 0.1% bromfenac sodium hydrate ophthalmic solution showed good efficacy for preventing cystoid macular edema early after cataract surgery in patients with diabetes.

Comparison of ketorolac 0.45% versus diclofenac 0.1% for macular thickness and volume after uncomplicated cataract surgery

PURPOSE

To compare the effects of ketorolac 0.45% and diclofenac 0.1% on macular thickness and volume after uncomplicated cataract surgery.

METHODS

A total of 76 eyes of 76 patients who underwent uncomplicated cataract surgery were included. Patients were treated with either diclofenac 0.1% (38 eyes) or ketorolac 0.45% (38 eyes) after surgery. The macular thickness and volume were obtained with optical coherence tomography (OCT). Central subfield thickness (CST, OCT 1 mm zone), total foveal thickness (TFT, OCT 3 mm zone), total macular thickness (TMT, OCT 6 mm zone), average macular thickness (AMT) and total macular volume (TMV) were compared between the two study groups.

RESULTS

No significant differences between groups were found in macular thickness or volume 1 month after cataract surgery. Two months after surgery, the ketorolac group had significantly lower CST, TFT, TMT and AMT than the diclofenac group (p < 0.05 for all). Additionally, 1 and 2 months after surgery, changes from preoperative values in CST (both p = 0.04), AMT (p = 0.02 and p < 0.01, respectively) and TMV (both p = 0.04) were significantly less in the ketorolac group than in the diclofenac group.

CONCLUSIONS

Following uncomplicated cataract surgery, topical ketorolac 0.45% was more effective than diclofenac 0.1% in preventing increases in macular thickness and volume.

Effect of a topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (0.1 % pranoprofen) on acute central serous chorioretinopathy

PURPOSE

To investigate the effects of topical pranoprofen 0.1 % on acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

METHODS

The medical records of 52 cases (52 patients) of CSC were retrospectively reviewed. Twenty-six patients were treated with topical pranoprofen 0.1 % (treatment group) and 26 patients did not receive treatment (control group). Baseline and follow-up values for visual acuity, subfoveal choroidal thickness (SCT), subretinal fluid (SRF) maximum height, and central macular thickness (CMT) were examined and compared between groups.

RESULTS

In the treatment group, mean SCT decreased from 365.5 ± 52.9 μm at baseline to 288.9 ± 36.1 μm at 6 months after initiation of treatment (p = 0.005). Both SRF maximum height and CMT were also decreased from baseline at 1 month (SRF maximum height, baseline: 221.5 ± 108.4, 1 month: 97.7 ± 54.3 μm, p = 0.002; CMT, baseline: 403.9 ± 114.6, 1 month: 270.1 ± 37.9 μm, p = 0.003). In the control group, SCT decreased throughout the follow-up period, but the change was not significant. Subretinal fluid maximum height and CMT were significantly decreased after 3 months in the control group (SRF, baseline: 265.4 ± 112.4 μm, 6 months: 64.8 ± 116.9 μm, p = 0.005; CMT, baseline: 459.1 ± 104.9 μm, 6 months: 304.6 ± 92.8 μm, p < 0.001). Visual acuity was improved from baseline in both groups after 6 months, but the improvement was only significant in the treatment group (p = 0.002). The rate of disease recurrence was lower in the treatment group (23 %) than in the control group (38 %), but this difference between groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.229, chi-square test).

CONCLUSIONS

Topical pranoprofen 0.1 % was effective in treating acute CSC, as demonstrated by an increase in visual acuity and a decrease in SRF, SCT, and CMT after treatment. These results suggest that topical pranoprofen 0.1 % may be useful in treating patients with acute CSC.