1
|
Optimization of polycaprolactone - based nanofiber matrices for the cultivation of corneal endothelial cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18858. [PMID: 34552187 PMCID: PMC8458296 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98426-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Posterior lamellar transplantation of the eye’ s cornea (DSAEK, DMEK) currently is the gold standard for treating patients with corneal endothelial cell and back surface pathologies resulting in functional impairment. An artificial biomimetic graft carrying human corneal endothelium could minimize the dependency on human donor corneas giving access to this vision-restoring surgery to large numbers of patients, thus reducing current long waiting lists. In this study, four groups of electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds were compared: polycaprolactone (PCL), PCL/collagen, PCL/gelatin and PCL/chitosan. Each of the scaffolds were tissue-engineered with human corneal endothelial cells (HCEC-B4G12) and analyzed with regard to their potential application as artificial posterior lamellar grafts. Staining with ZO-1 and Na+/K+-ATPase antibodies revealed intact cell functionalities. It could be shown, that blending leads to decreasing contact angle, whereby a heterogeneous blend morphology could be revealed. Scaffold cytocompatibility could be confirmed for all groups via live/dead staining, whereby a significant higher cell viability could be observed for the collagen and gelatine blended matrices with 97 ± 3% and 98 ± 2% living cells respectively. TEM images show the superficial anchoring of the HCECs onto the scaffolds. This work emphasizes the benefit of blended PCL nanofibrous scaffolds for corneal endothelial keratoplasty.
Collapse
|
2
|
Arras W, Vercammen H, Ní Dhubhghaill S, Koppen C, Van den Bogerd B. Proliferation Increasing Genetic Engineering in Human Corneal Endothelial Cells: A Literature Review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:688223. [PMID: 34268324 PMCID: PMC8275833 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.688223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The corneal endothelium is the inner layer of the cornea. Despite comprising only a monolayer of cells, dysfunction of this layer renders millions of people visually impaired worldwide. Currently, corneal endothelial transplantation is the only viable means of restoring vision for these patients. However, because the supply of corneal endothelial grafts does not meet the demand, many patients remain on waiting lists, or are not treated at all. Possible alternative treatment strategies include intracameral injection of human corneal endothelial cells (HCEnCs), biomedical engineering of endothelial grafts and increasing the HCEnC density on grafts that would otherwise have been unsuitable for transplantation. Unfortunately, the limited proliferative capacity of HCEnCs proves to be a major bottleneck to make these alternatives beneficial. To tackle this constraint, proliferation enhancing genetic engineering is being investigated. This review presents the diverse array of genes that have been targeted by different genetic engineering strategies to increase the proliferative capacity of HCEnCs and their relevance for clinical and research applications. Together these proliferation-related genes form the basis to obtain a stable and safe supply of HCEnCs that can tackle the corneal endothelial donor shortage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wout Arras
- Antwerp Research Group for Ocular Science (ARGOS), Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Hendrik Vercammen
- Antwerp Research Group for Ocular Science (ARGOS), Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Sorcha Ní Dhubhghaill
- Antwerp Research Group for Ocular Science (ARGOS), Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.,Department of Ophthalmology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.,Netherlands Institute for Innovative Ocular Surgery (NIIOS), Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Carina Koppen
- Antwerp Research Group for Ocular Science (ARGOS), Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.,Department of Ophthalmology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Bert Van den Bogerd
- Antwerp Research Group for Ocular Science (ARGOS), Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Radhakrishnan S, Trentz OA, Martin CA, Reddy MS, Rela M, Chinnarasu M, Kalkura N, Sellathamby S. Effect of passaging on the stemness of infrapatellar fat pad‑derived stem cells and potential role of nucleostemin as a prognostic marker of impaired stemness. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:813-829. [PMID: 31115526 PMCID: PMC6579983 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infrapatellar fat pad‑derived stem cells (IFPSCs) are emerging as an alternative to adipose tissue‑derived stem cells (ADSCs) from other sources. They are a reliable source of autologous stem cells obtained from medical waste that are suitable for use in cell‑based therapy, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Such clinical applications require a vast number of high‑quality IFPSCs. Unlike embryonic stem cells (ESCs), ADSCs and IFPSCs have limited population doubling capacity; however, in vitro expansion of primary IFPSCs through multiple passages (referred to as P) is a crucial step to acquire the desired population of cells. The present study investigated the effect of multiple passages on the stemness of IFPSCs during expansion and the possibility of predicting the loss of stemness using certain markers. IFPSCs were isolated from infrapatellar fat pad tissue resected during knee arthroplasty performed on aged patients (>65 years old). These cells from the stromal vascular fraction were serially passaged to at least to P7, and their stemness characteristics were examined at each passage. It was observed that IFPSCs maintained their spindle‑shaped morphology, self‑renewability and homogeneity at P2‑4. Furthermore, immunostaining revealed that these cells expressed mesenchymal stem cell (CD166, CD90 and CD105) and ESC markers [Sox2, Nanog, Oct4 and nucleostemin (NS)], whereas the hematopoietic stem cell marker CD45 was absent. These cells were also able to differentiate into the three germ layer cell types, thus confirming their ability to generate clinical grade cells. The findings indicated that prolonged culture of IFPSCs (P>6) led to the loss of the stem cell proliferative marker NS, with an increased population doubling time and progression toward neuronal differentiation, acquiring a neurogenic phenotype. Additionally, IFPSCs demonstrated an inherent ability to secrete neurotrophic factors and express receptors for these factors, which is the cause of neuronal differentiation at later passages. Therefore, these findings validated NS as a prognostic indicator for impaired stemness and identified IFPSCs as a promising source for cell‑based therapy, particularly for neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subathra Radhakrishnan
- National Foundation for Liver Research, Cell Laboratory, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai 600100, India
- Department of Biomedical Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
| | - Omana Anna Trentz
- MIOT Institute of Research, MIOT International, Chennai 600089, India
| | - Catherine Ann Martin
- National Foundation for Liver Research, Cell Laboratory, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai 600100, India
- Crystal Growth Centre, Anna University, Chennai 600025, India
| | - Mettu Srinivas Reddy
- National Foundation for Liver Research, Cell Laboratory, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai 600100, India
- Institute of Liver Disease and Transplantation, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai 600100, India
| | - Mohamed Rela
- National Foundation for Liver Research, Cell Laboratory, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai 600100, India
- Institute of Liver Disease and Transplantation, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai 600100, India
| | - Marimuthu Chinnarasu
- Institute of Liver Disease and Transplantation, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai 600100, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
MacDougall M, Mamaeva O, Lu C, Chen S. Establishment and characterization of immortalized mouse ameloblast‐like cell lines. Orthod Craniofac Res 2019; 22 Suppl 1:134-141. [DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary MacDougall
- Faculty of Dentistry University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Olga Mamaeva
- Institute of Oral Health Research University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Dentistry Birmingham Alabama
| | - Changming Lu
- Institute of Oral Health Research University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Dentistry Birmingham Alabama
| | - Shuo Chen
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio Dental School San Antonio Texas
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Harkin DG, Dunphy SE, Shadforth AMA, Dawson RA, Walshe J, Zakaria N. Mounting of Biomaterials for Use in Ophthalmic Cell Therapies. Cell Transplant 2018; 26:1717-1732. [PMID: 29338382 PMCID: PMC5784520 DOI: 10.1177/0963689717723638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
When used as scaffolds for cell therapies, biomaterials often present basic handling and logistical problems for scientists and surgeons alike. The quest for an appropriate mounting device for biomaterials is therefore a significant and common problem. In this review, we provide a detailed overview of the factors to consider when choosing an appropriate mounting device including those experienced during cell culture, quality assurance, and surgery. By way of example, we draw upon our combined experience in developing epithelial cell therapies for the treatment of eye diseases. We discuss commercially available options for achieving required goals and provide a detailed analysis of 4 experimental designs developed within our respective laboratories in Australia, the United Kingdom, and Belgium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damien G Harkin
- 1 School of Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,2 Queensland Eye Institute, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Siobhan E Dunphy
- 3 Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.,4 Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Audra M A Shadforth
- 1 School of Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,2 Queensland Eye Institute, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rebecca A Dawson
- 1 School of Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,2 Queensland Eye Institute, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jennifer Walshe
- 2 Queensland Eye Institute, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nadia Zakaria
- 5 Division of Ophthalmology, Center for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium.,6 Department of Ophthalmology, Visual Optics and Visual Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Corneal endothelial cells (CECs) are terminally differentiated cells, specialized in regulating corneal hydration and transparency. They are highly polarized flat cells that separate the cornea from the aqueous humor. Their apical surface, in contact with aqueous humor is hexagonal, whereas their basal surface is irregular. We characterized the structure of human CECs in 3D using confocal microscopy of immunostained whole corneas in which cells and their interrelationships remain intact. Hexagonality of the apical surface was maintained by the interaction between tight junctions and a submembraneous network of actomyosin, braced like a drum. Lateral membranes, which support enzymatic pumps, presented complex expansions resembling interdigitated foot processes at the basal surface. Using computer-aided design and drafting software, we obtained a first simplified 3D model of CECs. By comparing their expression with those in epithelial, stromal and trabecular corneal cells, we selected 9 structural or functional proteins for which 3D patterns were specific to CECs. This first 3D map aids our understanding of the morphologic and functional specificity of CECs and could be used as a reference for characterizing future cell therapy products destined to treat endothelial dysfunctions.
Collapse
|
7
|
Navaratnam J, Utheim TP, Rajasekhar VK, Shahdadfar A. Substrates for Expansion of Corneal Endothelial Cells towards Bioengineering of Human Corneal Endothelium. J Funct Biomater 2015; 6:917-45. [PMID: 26378588 PMCID: PMC4598685 DOI: 10.3390/jfb6030917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal endothelium is a single layer of specialized cells that lines the posterior surface of cornea and maintains corneal hydration and corneal transparency essential for vision. Currently, transplantation is the only therapeutic option for diseases affecting the corneal endothelium. Transplantation of corneal endothelium, called endothelial keratoplasty, is widely used for corneal endothelial diseases. However, corneal transplantation is limited by global donor shortage. Therefore, there is a need to overcome the deficiency of sufficient donor corneal tissue. New approaches are being explored to engineer corneal tissues such that sufficient amount of corneal endothelium becomes available to offset the present shortage of functional cornea. Although human corneal endothelial cells have limited proliferative capacity in vivo, several laboratories have been successful in in vitro expansion of human corneal endothelial cells. Here we provide a comprehensive analysis of different substrates employed for in vitro cultivation of human corneal endothelial cells. Advances and emerging challenges with ex vivo cultured corneal endothelial layer for the ultimate goal of therapeutic replacement of dysfunctional corneal endothelium in humans with functional corneal endothelium are also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesintha Navaratnam
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Postbox 4950 Nydalen, Oslo 0424, Norway.
| | - Tor P Utheim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Postbox 4950 Nydalen, Oslo 0424, Norway.
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Postbox 1052, Blindern, Oslo 0316, Norway.
| | - Vinagolu K Rajasekhar
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Rockefeller Research Building, Room 1163, 430 East 67th Street/1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Aboulghassem Shahdadfar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Postbox 4950 Nydalen, Oslo 0424, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Frausto RF, Le DJ, Aldave AJ. Transcriptomic Analysis of Cultured Corneal Endothelial Cells as a Validation for Their Use in Cell Replacement Therapy. Cell Transplant 2015; 25:1159-76. [PMID: 26337789 DOI: 10.3727/096368915x688948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The corneal endothelium plays a primary role in maintaining corneal homeostasis and clarity and must be surgically replaced with allogenic donor corneal endothelium in the event of visually significant dysfunction. However, a worldwide shortage of donor corneal tissue has led to a search for alternative sources of transplantable tissue. Cultured human corneal endothelial cells (HCEnC) have been shown to restore corneal clarity in experimental models of corneal endothelial dysfunction in animal models, but characterization of cultured HCEnC remains incomplete. To this end, we utilized next-generation RNA sequencing technology to compare the transcriptomic profile of ex vivo human corneal endothelial cells (evHCEnC) with that of primary HCEnC (pHCEnC) and HCEnC lines and to determine the utility of cultured and immortalized corneal endothelial cells as models of in vivo corneal endothelium. Multidimensional analyses of the transcriptome data sets demonstrated that primary HCEnC have a closer relationship to evHCEnC than do immortalized HCEnC. Subsequent analyses showed that the majority of the genes specifically expressed in HCEnC (not expressed in ex vivo corneal epithelium or fibroblasts) demonstrated a marked variability of expression in cultured cells compared with evHCEnC. In addition, genes associated with either corneal endothelial cell function or corneal endothelial dystrophies were investigated. Significant differences in gene expression and protein levels were observed in the cultured cells compared with evHCEnC for each of the genes tested except for AGBL1 and LOXHD1, which were not detected by RNA-seq or qPCR. Our transcriptomic analysis suggests that at a molecular level pHCEnC most closely resemble evHCEnC and thus represent the most viable cell culture-based therapeutic option for managing corneal endothelial cell dysfunction. Our findings also suggest that investigators should perform an assessment of the entire transcriptome of cultured HCEnC prior to determination of their potential clinical utility for the management of corneal endothelial cell failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo F Frausto
- The Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sha X, Liu Z, Song L, Wang Z, Liang X. Human amniotic epithelial cell niche enhances the functional properties of human corneal endothelial cells via inhibiting P53-survivin-mitochondria axis. Exp Eye Res 2013; 116:36-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2013.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
10
|
Teichmann J, Valtink M, Nitschke M, Gramm S, Funk RHW, Engelmann K, Werner C. Tissue engineering of the corneal endothelium: a review of carrier materials. J Funct Biomater 2013; 4:178-208. [PMID: 24956190 PMCID: PMC4030930 DOI: 10.3390/jfb4040178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional impairment of the human corneal endothelium can lead to corneal blindness. In order to meet the high demand for transplants with an appropriate human corneal endothelial cell density as a prerequisite for corneal function, several tissue engineering techniques have been developed to generate transplantable endothelial cell sheets. These approaches range from the use of natural membranes, biological polymers and biosynthetic material compositions, to completely synthetic materials as matrices for corneal endothelial cell sheet generation. This review gives an overview about currently used materials for the generation of transplantable corneal endothelial cell sheets with a special focus on thermo-responsive polymer coatings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Teichmann
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Institute of Biofunctional Polymer Materials, Hohe Straße 6, Dresden 01069, Germany.
| | - Monika Valtink
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, Dresden 01307, Germany.
| | - Mirko Nitschke
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Institute of Biofunctional Polymer Materials, Hohe Straße 6, Dresden 01069, Germany.
| | - Stefan Gramm
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Institute of Biofunctional Polymer Materials, Hohe Straße 6, Dresden 01069, Germany.
| | - Richard H W Funk
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, Dresden 01307, Germany.
| | - Katrin Engelmann
- CRTD/DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden-Cluster of Excellence, Fetscherstraße 105, Dresden 01307, Germany.
| | - Carsten Werner
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Institute of Biofunctional Polymer Materials, Hohe Straße 6, Dresden 01069, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Schulz S, Steinberg T, Beck D, Tomakidi P, Accardi R, Tommasino M, Reinhard T, Eberwein P. Generation and evaluation of a human corneal model cell system for ophthalmologic issues using the HPV16 E6/E7 oncogenes as uniform immortalization platform. Differentiation 2013; 85:161-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
12
|
Liu Z, Zhuang J, Li C, Wan P, Li N, Zhou Q, Zhou C, Huang Z, Wang Z. Long-term cultivation of human corneal endothelial cells by telomerase expression. Exp Eye Res 2012; 100:40-51. [PMID: 22575565 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2012.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the potential role of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) in extending the proliferative lifespan of human corneal endothelial cells (HCECs) under long-term cultivation. A primary culture was initiated with a pure population of HCECs in DMEM/F12 media containing 10% fetal bovine serum and other various supplements. TERT gene was successfully transfected into normal HCECs. A stable HCECs cell line (TERT-HCECs) that expressed TERT was established. The cells could be subcultured for 36 passages. Within this line of cells, TERT not only extended proliferative lifespan and inhibited apoptosis but also enhanced the cell line remaining the normal characteristics similar to HCECs. There were no significantly differences in the expression of the pump function related proteins voltage dependent anion channel 3 (VDAC3), sodium bicarbonate cotransporter member 4 (SLC4A4), chloride channel protein 3 (CLCN3), Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase α1, and ZO-1 in the cell line TERT-HCECs and primary HCECs. TERT-HCECs formed a monolayer cell sheet, maintained similar cell junction formation and pump function with primary HCECs. Karyotype analysis exhibited normal chromosomal numbers. The soft agar colony assay and tumor formation in nude mice assay showed no malignant alterations in TERT-HCECs. Our findings indicated that we had established a cell line with its similar phenotype and properties to primary HCECs. Further study of the TERT-HCECs may be valuable in studying the function of the cells in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yokoi T, Seko Y, Yokoi T, Makino H, Hatou S, Yamada M, Kiyono T, Umezawa A, Nishina H, Azuma N. Establishment of functioning human corneal endothelial cell line with high growth potential. PLoS One 2012; 7:e29677. [PMID: 22276123 PMCID: PMC3261867 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hexagonal-shaped human corneal endothelial cells (HCEC) form a monolayer by adhering tightly through their intercellular adhesion molecules. Located at the posterior corneal surface, they maintain corneal translucency by dehydrating the corneal stroma, mainly through the Na(+)- and K(+)-dependent ATPase (Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase). Because HCEC proliferative activity is low in vivo, once HCEC are damaged and their numbers decrease, the cornea begins to show opacity due to overhydration, resulting in loss of vision. HCEC cell cycle arrest occurs at the G1 phase and is partly regulated by cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs) in the Rb pathway (p16-CDK4/CyclinD1-pRb). In this study, we tried to activate proliferation of HCEC by inhibiting CKIs. Retroviral transduction was used to generate two new HCEC lines: transduced human corneal endothelial cell by human papillomavirus type E6/E7 (THCEC (E6/E7)) and transduced human corneal endothelial cell by Cdk4R24C/CyclinD1 (THCEH (Cyclin)). Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis of gene expression revealed little difference between THCEC (E6/E7), THCEH (Cyclin) and non-transduced HCEC, but cell cycle-related genes were up-regulated in THCEC (E6/E7) and THCEH (Cyclin). THCEH (Cyclin) expressed intercellular molecules including ZO-1 and N-cadherin and showed similar Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase pump function to HCEC, which was not demonstrated in THCEC (E6/E7). This study shows that HCEC cell cycle activation can be achieved by inhibiting CKIs even while maintaining critical pump function and morphology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Yokoi
- Department of Ophthalomology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Seko
- Department of Ophthalomology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Sensory Functions Section, Research Institute, National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tae Yokoi
- Department of Ophthalomology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hatsune Makino
- Department of Reproductive Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin Hatou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yamada
- Division for Vision Research, National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohru Kiyono
- Division of Virology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiro Umezawa
- Department of Reproductive Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishina
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Azuma
- Department of Ophthalomology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fan T, Zhao J, Ma X, Xu X, Zhao W, Xu B. Establishment of a continuous untransfected human corneal endothelial cell line and its biocompatibility to denuded amniotic membrane. Mol Vis 2011; 17:469-80. [PMID: 21365020 PMCID: PMC3042360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 02/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To establish an untransfected human corneal endothelial (HCE) cell line and characterize its biocompatibility to denuded amniotic membrane (dAM). METHODS Primary culture was initiated with a pure population of HCE cells in DMEM/F12 media (pH 7.2) containing 20% fetal bovine serum and various supplements. The established cell line was characterized by growth property, chromosome analysis, morphology recovery, tumorigenicity assay, and expression of marker proteins, cell-junction proteins, and membrane transport proteins. The biocompatibility of HCE cells to dAM was evaluated by light microscopy, alizarin red staining, immunofluorescence assay, and electron microscopy. RESULTS HCE cells proliferated to confluence 6 weeks later in primary culture and have been subcultured to passage 224 so far. A continuous untransfected HCE cell line with a population doubling time of 26.20 h at passage 101 has been established. Results of chromosome analysis, morphology, combined with the results of expression of marker protein, cell-junction protein and membrane transport protein, suggested that the cells retained HCE cell properties and potencies to form cell junctions and perform membrane transport. Furthermore, HCE cells, without any tumorigenicity, could form confluent cell sheets on dAMs. The single layer sheets that attached tightly to dAMs had similar morphology and structure to those of HCE in situ and had an average cell density of 3,413±111 cells/mm². CONCLUSIONS An untransfected and non-tumorigenic HCE cell line has been established, and the cells maintained positive expression of marker proteins, cell-junction proteins and membrane transport proteins. The cell line, with excellent biocompatibility to dAM, might be used for in vitro reconstruction of HCE and provides a promising method for the treatment of diseases caused by corneal endothelial disorders.
Collapse
|
15
|
Mathes RL, Dietrich UM, Krunkosky TM, Hurley DJ, Reber AJ. Establishing a reproducible method for the culture of primary equine corneal cells. Vet Ophthalmol 2009; 12 Suppl 1:41-9. [PMID: 19891651 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-5224.2009.00729.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish a reproducible method for the culture of primary equine corneal epithelial cells, keratocytes, and endothelial cells and to describe each cell's morphologic characteristics, immunocytochemical staining properties and conditions required for cryopreservation. PROCEDURES Corneas from eight horses recently euthanized for reasons unrelated to this study were collected aseptically and enzymatically separated into three individual layers for cell isolation. The cells were plated, grown in culture, and continued for several passages. Each cell type was characterized by morphology and immunocytochemical staining. RESULTS All three equine corneal cell types were successfully grown in culture. Cultured corneal endothelial cells were large, hexagonal cells with a moderate growth rate. Keratocytes were small, spindloid cells that grew rapidly. Epithelial cells had heterogeneous morphology and grew slowly. The endothelial cells and keratocytes stained positive for vimentin and were morphologically distinguishable from one another. The epithelial cells stained positive for cytokeratin. Keratocytes and endothelial cells were able to be cryopreserved and recovered. The cryopreserved cells maintained their morphological and immunocytochemical features after cryopreservation and recovery. DISCUSSION This work establishes reproducible methods for isolation and culture of equine corneal keratocytes and endothelial cells. Cell morphology and cytoskeletal element expression for equine corneal epithelial cells, keratocytes, and endothelial cells are also described. This has not previously been reported for equine corneal cells. This report also demonstrates the ability to preserve equine keratocytes and endothelial cells for extended periods of time and utilize them long after the primary-cell collection, a feature that has not been reported for veterinary corneal cell culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Mathes
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Barar J, Asadi M, Mortazavi-Tabatabaei SA, Omidi Y. Ocular Drug Delivery; Impact of in vitro Cell Culture Models. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2009; 4. [PMID: 23198080 PMCID: PMC3498862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal vision depends on the optimal function of ocular barriers and intact membranes that selectively regulate the environment of ocular tissues. Novel pharmacotherapeutic modalities have aimed to overcome such biological barriers which impede efficient ocular drug delivery. To determine the impact of ocular barriers on research related to ophthalmic drug delivery and targeting, herein we provide a review of the literature on isolated primary or immortalized cell culture models which can be used for evaluation of ocular barriers. In vitro cell cultures are valuable tools which serve investigations on ocular barriers such as corneal and conjunctival epithelium, retinal pigment epithelium and retinal capillary endothelium, and can provide platforms for further investigations. Ocular barrier-based cell culture systems can be simply set up and used for drug delivery and targeting purposes as well as for pathological and toxicological research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaleh Barar
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoud Asadi
- School of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Yadollah Omidi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,School of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,Correspondence to: Yadollah Omidi, PhD. Associate Professor of Pharmaceutical Nanobiotechnology; Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Tel: +98 411 3367914, Fax:+98 411 3367929; e-mail:
| |
Collapse
|