Calcinosis cutis at the tarsus of the upper eyelid

Idiopathic Conjunctival Calcinosis Associated With an Intradermal and Subepithelial Nevus of the Eyelid Margin

A 37-year-old woman underwent excision of a congenital melanocytic nevus of the right lower eyelid margin for cosmetic reasons. She suffered from a severe dry eye syndrome which was partially alleviated with various topical eye drops. Histopathology of the excised tissue displayed flecks of calcium that were present within the immediate subepithelial conjunctival fibrous tissue but not the nevocytes or the cutaneous surface. Unlike calcinosis cutis, wherein calcium is deposited within the cutaneous dermis, calcification of the conjunctival substantia propria is rare and may be related to the dry eye state.

An unusual case of idiopathic calcinosis of the eyelid

Idiopathic subepidermal calcinosis, also known as idiopathic calcinosis cutis, is a rare condition, which typically presents as a small, hard, subepithelial mass in the absence of systemic disease and trauma. We report on an atypical case of idiopathic calcinosis, which appeared in an otherwise healthy 61-year-old female along the tarsus of her right upper eyelid. The purpose of this case report is to demonstrate idiopathic calcinosis in an unusual location that is deep to the dermis and to discuss the vast differential diagnosis of this entity.

Subepidermal Calcinosis in the Ocular Adnexa: A Systematic Review

PURPOSE

To review the clinical and histopathologic findings associated with subepidermal calcinosis of the eyelids.

METHODS

A systematic review of the literature on subepidermal calcinosis of the eyelids was performed. Cases included were idiopathic in nature and met the histologic criteria for subepidermal calcinosis with calcium deposits in the dermis of the skin.

RESULTS

Twenty-one publications presenting 53 cases of subepidermal calcinosis involving the eyelids were published between 1970 and 2016. Males were affected more than females (67% vs. 33%), and 89% of patients were 21 years of age or younger. A total of 63% were non-Caucasian. Most cases involved a single lesion (82%), and lesions were most frequently located on the upper eyelid (63%). In 81% of cases, the lesion was less than 5 mm in diameter. When reported, the treatment of choice was complete surgical excision.

CONCLUSIONS

Subepidermal calcinosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of idiopathic lesions on the eyelid, particularly in young males with no history of systemic disease or laboratory abnormalities. These nodules usually present as painless, small, firm, mobile solitary cutaneous lesions with a predilection for the upper eyelid. Diagnosis is confirmed by histopathology, and treatment is with surgical excision.

Calcinosis cutis: A rare cause for difficult airway

Calcinosis cutis is a rare clinical condition wherein calcium is deposited in the layers of the skin. Various types of calcinosis cutis have been described based on histology and location. Airway may be involved only if calcinosis cutis is associated with overlapping syndrome of connective tissue disorders and muscular dystrophy. I report a rare case of dystrophic calcinosis cutis without any connective tissue disorders with the unanticipated difficult airway. A young lady with dystrophic calcinosis cutis of the gluteal region was posted for surgical excision and flap cover procedure under general anesthesia. Unanticipated difficult airway situation arised and was effectively managed. Patient had an uneventful recovery.

Subepidermal calcified nodule in upper eyelid: A case report and review of the literature

Calcinosis cutis involves the inappropriate deposition of calcium within the dermis layer of the skin and is often associated with autoimmune diseases. A 3-year-old healthy Omani child presented for evaluation of asymptomatic hard nodule on the left upper eyelid. Pathological examination identified the mass as subepidermal calcified nodule. The patient had no history of trauma or metabolic disturbances. Serum levels of calcium and phosphate were normal. Idiopathic calcinosis cutis should be included in the differential diagnosis for eye lid mass.

Bilateral symmetrical subepidermal calcified nodules of the eyelids

A subepidermal calcified nodule is an uncommon variant of calcinosis cutis and only a limited number of cases have been reported about the eyelid nodules in the literature. A 20-year-old male was referred to our department with symmetrical nodules on both upper eyelids enlarging over 3 years. Both nodules were removed by excisional biopsy. After the histopathologic evaluation, the diagnosis was subepidermal calcified nodule. He had a complete recovery with no recurrence and acceptable aesthetic appearance. As a rare entity, subepidermal calcified nodule should be thought in differential diagnosis of eyelid nodular lesions and symmetrical appearance may be seen.