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Abstract
This review provides a global overview on Rosaceae allergy and details the particularities of each fruit allergy induced by ten Rosaceae species: almond/peach/cherry/apricot/plum (Amygdaleae), apple/pear (Maleae), and raspberry/blackberry/strawberry (Rosoideae). Data on clinical symptoms, prevalence, diagnosis, and immunotherapies for the treatment of Rosaceae allergy are herein stated. Allergen molecular characterization, cross-reactivity/co-sensitization phenomena, the impact of food processing and digestibility, and the methods currently available for the Rosaceae detection/quantification in foods are also described. Rosaceae allergy has a major impact in context to pollen-food allergy syndrome (PFAS) and lipid transfer protein (LTP) allergies, being greatly influenced by geography, environment, and presence of cofactors. Peach, apple, and almond allergies are probably the ones most affecting the quality of life of the allergic-patients, although allergies to other Rosaceae fruits cannot be overlooked. From patients' perspective, self-allergy management and an efficient avoidance of multiple fruits are often difficult to achieve, which might raise the risk for cross-reactivity and co-sensitization phenomena and increase the severity of the induced allergic responses with time. At this point, the absence of effective allergy diagnosis (lack of specific molecular markers) and studies advancing potential immunotherapies are some gaps that certainly will prompt the progress on novel strategies to manage Rosaceae food allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Costa
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Mafra
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Jeong KY, Lee J, Yuk JE, Song H, Lee HJ, Kim KJ, Kim BJ, Lim KJ, Park KH, Lee JH, Park JW. Allergenic characterization of Bomb m 4, a 30 kDa lipoprotein Bombyx mori lipoprotein 6 from silkworm pupa. Clin Exp Allergy 2022; 52:888-897. [PMID: 35028994 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silkworm pupa (SWP) food anaphylaxis has been described frequently in Asian countries. However, false-positive reactions by skin pricks and serum IgE (sIgE) tests to the extract complicate diagnosis, requiring identification of clinically relevant major allergens. OBJECTIVES In this study, we characterized a novel SWP allergen, Bomb m 4, a 30 kDa lipoprotein, and evaluated its diagnostic sensitivity. METHODS Bomb m 4 was identified by a proteomic analysis. This recombinant (r)Bomb m 4 was overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and the IgE reactivity by ELISA was compared with other reported allergenic proteins: Bomb m 1 (arginine kinase), 27 kDa glycoprotein, Bomb m 3 (tropomyosin) using the serum samples from 17 SWP allergy patients and 11 asymptomatic sensitized subjects. RESULTS rBomb m 4 specific IgE was recognized by all 17 SWP allergy patients. The 27 kDa glycoprotein and Bomb m 1 sIgE were found in 35.3% and 0%, respectively in the SWP allergic patients. ELISA sIgE reactivity increased significantly, when 4 M urea was added in serum samples. However, only 16% inhibition of sIgE reactivity to the whole SWP extract was exhibited by rBomb m 4, whereas more than 93% of self-inhibition of rBomb m 4 sIgE was obtained, possibly due to the low abundance of Bomb m 4 in the extract. Three linear epitopes (81-95, 191-205, and 224-238 residues) of rBomb m 4 were identified. These epitopes are shown to be released by pepsin digestion. ROC analysis showed the highest diagnostic value of Bomb m 4 followed by Bomb m 1, 27 kDa glycoprotein, and Bomb m 3. CONCLUSION Bomb m 4 is the major allergen of SWP allergy patients. It has cryptic epitopes which are exposed to IgE antibodies with digestive enzymes. This recombinant Bomb m 4 allergen permits exact diagnosis of SWP allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Yong Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Jongsun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Yuk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Hangyeol Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | - Kyung Hee Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Jung-Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
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An Updated Overview of Almond Allergens. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082578. [PMID: 34444737 PMCID: PMC8399460 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tree nuts are considered an important food in healthy diets. However, for part of the world’s population, they are one of the most common sources of food allergens causing acute allergic reactions that can become life-threatening. They are part of the Big Eight food groups which are responsible for more than 90% of food allergy cases in the United States, and within this group, almond allergies are persistent and normally severe and life-threatening. Almond is generally consumed raw, toasted or as an integral part of other foods. Its dietary consumption is generally associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases. Several almond proteins have been recognized as allergens. Six of them, namely Pru du 3, Pru du 4, Pru du 5, Pru du 6, Pru du 8 and Pru du 10, have been included in the WHO-IUIS list of allergens. Nevertheless, further studies are needed in relation to the accurate characterization of the already known almond allergens or putative ones and in relation to the IgE-binding properties of these allergens to avoid misidentifications. In this context, this work aims to critically review the almond allergy problematic and, specifically, to perform an extensive overview regarding known and novel putative almond allergens.
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Jeong KY, Park JW. Allergens of Regional Importance in Korea. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2021; 2:652275. [PMID: 35386990 PMCID: PMC8974691 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2021.652275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergen repertoire should reflect the region's climate, flora, and dining culture to allow for a better diagnosis. In Korea, tree pollens of oak and birch in the spring in conjunction with weed pollens of mugwort, ragweed, and Japanese hop are the main causes of seasonal allergic rhinitis. More specifically, the sawtooth oak in Korea and the Japanese hop in East Asia make a difference from western countries. Among food allergens, the sensitization to silkworm pupa and buckwheat is also common in Korean patients. Honey bee venom due to apitherapy in traditional medicine and Asian needle ant, Pachycondyla chinensis, are important causes of anaphylaxis in Korea. Climate change, frequent overseas traveling, and international product exchanges make situations more complicated. Ragweed, for example, was not native to Korea, but invaded the country in the early 1950s. Recently, Japanese hop and Asian needle ants have been recognized as important invasive ecosystem disturbing species in western countries. However, the molecular properties of the component allergens from these unique culprit allergens have been poorly characterized. The present review summarizes the molecular studies on the allergens of regional importance in Korea.
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Jeong KY, Park JW. Insect Allergens on the Dining Table. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2020; 21:159-169. [PMID: 31309888 DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666190715091951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Edible insects are important sources of nutrition, particularly in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Recently, edible insects have gained considerable interest as a possible solution to global exhaustion of the food supply with population growth. However, little attention has been given to the adverse reactions caused by insect consumption. Here, we provide an overview of the food allergens in edible insects and offer insights for further studies. Most of the edible insect allergens identified to date are highly cross-reactive invertebrate pan-allergens such as tropomyosin and arginine kinase. Allergic reactions to these allergens may be cross-reactions resulting from sensitization to shellfish and/or house dust mites. No unique insect allergen specifically eliciting a food allergy has been described. Many of the edible insect allergens described thus far have counterpart allergens in cockroaches, which are an important cause of respiratory allergies, but it is questionable whether inhalant allergens can cause food allergies. Greater effort is needed to characterize the allergens that are unique to edible insects so that safe edible insects can be developed. The changes in insect proteins upon food processing or cooking should also be examined to enhance our understanding of edible insect food allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Yong Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jung-Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
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Trends in skin prick test according to seasons: Results of a Korean multi-center study. Auris Nasus Larynx 2019; 47:90-97. [PMID: 31221430 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Allergy is a very common condition. Allergic disease is highly affected by environmental changes. Conditions of the four seasons can change dramatically in Republic of Korea (ROK). To assess changes in rates of aeroallergen positivity according to seasons and environmental factors (temperature, humidity, and precipitation). MATERIALS A total of 20 hospitals were selected based on population distribution in ROK. A skin prick test (SPT) panel comprising 55 aeroallergens was distributed to 18 hospitals for a prospective study. Results from SPTs done in 2006 and 2010 were collected and analyzed retrospectively from 20 hospitals and 2014/2015 SPT (from June 2014 to May 2015) results from 18 hospitals were collected prospectively. RESULTS We compared allergen-positive rates among seasons. Positive test rates for several pollens and house dust mites increased significantly in spring and fall. Pollens positive rate varied significantly according to temperature, precipitation, and humidity while mite allergens were less susceptible to environment. CONCLUSION There are four distinct seasons in ROK. The positivity of pollen allergens were especially affected by temperature and precipitation in spring. House dust mites were less affected by seasons, temperature, precipitation, and humidity less than pollen. Therefore, regular follow-up and re-evaluation of allergic test are essential considering changes of seasons and environment for acceptable diagnosis and treatment.
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Park DJ, Lee J, Kim SY, Kwon HJ, Lee HK, Kim Y. Evaluation of AdvanSure AlloScreen Max Panel With 92 Different Allergens for Detecting Allergen-Specific IgE. Am J Clin Pathol 2019; 151:628-637. [PMID: 30984971 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqz023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to examine the performance of AdvanSure AlloScreen Max with 92 different allergens compared to Polycheck Allergy and ImmunoCAP. The relationship of serum IgE concentration with the number and the highest class/level of positive allergen-specific IgEs was also examined. METHODS A total of 406 serum samples were included in this study. Discrepant cases between AdvanSure AlloScreen Max and Polycheck Allergy underwent ImmunoCAP testing for allergen-specific IgE. RESULTS Total agreement of the two multiple allergen simultaneous tests (MAST) was 92.5%. Compared to ImmunoCAP, total agreement rate was higher with AdvanSure AlloScreen Max (60.8%) than that with Polycheck Allergy (39.2%). Serum IgE concentration showed a significant and positive correlation with the number and the highest class/level of positive allergen-specific IgEs. CONCLUSIONS A MAST assay panel containing as many allergens as possible would be more helpful in the allergen screening for patients with high serum IgE concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Jin Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul
| | - Jehoon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul
| | - Soo-Young Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul
| | - Hi Jeong Kwon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul
| | - Hae Kyung Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul
| | - Yeongsic Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul
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Lee SC, Kim SR, Park KH, Lee JH, Park JW. Clinical Features and Culprit Food Allergens of Korean Adult Food Allergy Patients: A Cross-Sectional Single-Institute Study. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2019; 11:723-735. [PMID: 31332982 PMCID: PMC6658406 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2019.11.5.723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the causative allergens and clinical characteristics of Korean adult patients with food allergy (FA). Methods This retrospective, cross-sectional single-institutional study enrolled Korean adult patients (n = 812) suspected of having FA. For diagnosis, causality assessment history taking, ImmunoCAP specific immunoglobulin E measurement and/or skin prick test were performed. Results Among 812 patients, 415 were diagnosed as having FA. The most common causative allergen was fruit, with a diagnosis of pollen food allergy syndrome (PFAS: 155, 37.3%), followed by crustaceans (111, 26.7%), wheat (63, 15.1%), fruits in patients without PFAS(43, 10.3%), buckwheat (31, 7.4%), peanut (31, 7.4%), walnut (25, 6.0%), red meat due to reaction to galactose-α-1,3-galactose (α-Gal) (8, 1.9%), and silkworm pupa (13, 3.1%). Allergy to egg, milk, fish, or shellfish was rare in Korean adults. One-third of patients with FA exhibited multiple FAs (238/415, 57.3%); the average number of causative allergens was 2.39. About 129 patients (31.0%) were diagnosed as having anaphylaxis; in these patients, wheat was the most frequent causative food. Twenty patients were further diagnosed with food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (FDEIA); all were due to wheat. In particular, crustaceans, wheat, PFAS, buckwheat, and red meat (α-Gal) were also frequent causes of anaphylaxis. Conclusions Wheat, fruits with or without PFAS, and crustaceans are important and frequent causative allergens in Korean adult FA; these allergens differ from those found in childhood FA. It is notable that non-classic allergies, such as PFAS, FDEIA, and α-Gal allergy, are the important causes of anaphylaxis in Korean adult FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Chul Lee
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sung Ryeol Kim
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Hee Park
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Lee
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Won Park
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Lee SH, Ban GY, Jeong K, Shin YS, Park HS, Lee S, Ye YM. A Retrospective Study of Korean Adults With Food Allergy: Differences in Phenotypes and Causes. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2017; 9:534-539. [PMID: 28913993 PMCID: PMC5603482 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2017.9.6.534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Increasing in prevalence, food allergy (FA) is becoming an important public health concern. In Korean adults, however, clinical phenotypes and causes of FA have not been studied. We aimed to study common causative allergens and clinical manifestations of FA in Korean adults. METHODS This study was conducted as a retrospective review of medical records for 95 patients (≥19 years old) diagnosed with FA from September 2014 to August 2015 at a single university hospital. RESULTS In the 95 patients, 181 FA events were recorded. The mean age of first onset of FA symptoms was 34.7±15.8 years. The most frequent causative food was seafood (34.8%); shrimp and crab allergies ranked highest, regardless of age and sex. Among all FA events, there were 47 (26.0%) cases of anaphylaxis and 26 (14.4%) cases of oral allergy syndrome (OAS). Seafood (51.1%) was the most frequent cause of anaphylaxis, followed by grains (14.9%). Most OAS cases were associated with fruits (95.7%). The frequency of fruit-induced FA was significantly higher in males than in females (23.0% vs 8.4%, P=0.011). While no cases of vegetables-induced FA were noted in younger individuals (19 to 30 years), vegetables accounted for 20.5% of FA symptoms in older subjects (≥51 years, P<0.001). Allergic rhinitis (44.2%) and drug allergy (20.0%) were major comorbidities associated with FA. Overall, 29 FA events had cofactors, of which 10 were combined with exercise. CONCLUSIONS The major causes of FA in Korean adults were crustacean, fruits, and grains. Interestingly, the clinical manifestations of FA and demographics varied according to type of food allergen.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Hee Lee
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ga Young Ban
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Kyunguk Jeong
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yoo Seob Shin
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hae Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sooyoung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
| | - Young Min Ye
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
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Park KH, Lee J, Lee SC, Son YW, Sim DW, Lee JH, Park JW. Comparison of the ImmunoCAP Assay and AdvanSure™ AlloScreen Advanced Multiplex Specific IgE Detection Assay. Yonsei Med J 2017; 58:786-792. [PMID: 28540992 PMCID: PMC5447110 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2017.58.4.786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The AdvanSure™ AlloScreen assay is an advanced multiplex test that allows for simultaneous detection of specific IgE (sIgE) against multiple allergens. For precise identification of causative allergens in allergic patients, we compared this new multiplex sIgE assay with the ImmunoCAP assay, which is currently the gold-standard method for sIgE detection. MATERIALS AND METHODS Serum samples from 218 Korean allergic disease patients were used to compare the ImmunoCAP and AlloScreen assays with respect to the following 13 allergens: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, cat and dog dander, Alternaria, birch, oak, ragweed, mugwort, rye grass, and food allergens (egg white, cow's milk, peanuts). RESULTS A total of 957 paired tests using the 13 allergens were compared. The total agreement ratio ranged from 0.74 (oak) to 0.97 (Alternaria). With respect to class association analyses, the gamma index ranged from 0.819 (rye grass) to 0.990 (Alternaria). The intra-class correlation coefficients for house dust mites, cat and dog dander, Alternaria, birch, ragweed, egg white, cow's milk, and peanut sIgE titers were >0.8. CONCLUSION The AlloScreen and ImmunoCAP assays exhibited similar diagnostic performance. However, due to methodological differences between the two systems, careful interpretation of their results is needed in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hee Park
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jongsun Lee
- Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Chul Lee
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Woong Son
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Da Woon Sim
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Lee
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Won Park
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Jeong KY, Park KH, Lee JH, Park JW. Monoclonal Antibodies to Recombinant Fag e 3 Buckwheat Allergen and Development of a Two-site ELISA for Its Quantification. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2017; 9:417-422. [PMID: 28677355 PMCID: PMC5500696 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2017.9.5.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Buckwheat is a major cause of anaphylaxis, and Fag e 3 is the key major allergen in buckwheat. However, an immunoassay system for the quantification of Fag e 3 has yet to be developed. Methods We developed a 2-site enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) produced against recombinant Fag e 3. We applied this ELISA to quantify native Fag e 3 in total buckwheat extract. Results Four clones of mAbs were produced, and all recognized vicilin allergens not only from buckwheat, but also from peanut and walnut. However, the ELISA using these antibodies was only able to quantify Fag e 3 in the total extract after addition of 1% sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and heating, which facilitated dissociation of the allergen. The detection limit of the developed 2-site ELISA was 0.8 µg/mL. The measurement of Fag e 3 in the total extract of buckwheat showed that approximately 12% of protein in total buckwheat extract was Fag e 3. Conclusions We have developed an ELISA system for the quantification of the group 3 buckwheat allergen, Fag e 3, specifically. This assay will be useful for standardization of buckwheat allergens and monitoring of buckwheat contamination in foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Yong Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Hee Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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