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Cuestas D, Pedraza J, Herrera H, Motta A, Cuestas A, Forero Y, Porras R, Urrea F, Galvis D, Galvis I, Bernal MA, Alvarado MV, Bula R, Velasquez O, Villalba D, Lamus S, Ariza G, Bayona N, Gutierrez A, Segura A, Patiño M, Perafan A, Ramirez-Rodriguez S, Rolon M. Cutaneous myiasis in skin cancer and malignant wounds: a systematic review. Int J Dermatol 2021; 60:1529-1546. [PMID: 34363696 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous myiasis in patients with malignant wounds or skin cancer is a rare and undesirable event with limited epidemiological data. A subregister of reports, lack of education in the population, inadequate empirical treatments, and medical underestimation are components of a public health problem that threatens patients' lives. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of the literature of cutaneous myiasis associated with malignant wounds and skin cancer, characterizing sociodemographic variables, risk factors, clinical and histological features, and treatment. Additionally, we present a demonstrative case with the adequate taxonomic evaluation. DISCUSSION Cutaneous myiasis is an underestimated and poorly managed infestation, which can generate severe complications in oncological patients. This is the first systematic review in the literature about this clinical scenario, which provides information to the physician and clinical researcher about the epidemiological gaps and what has been published so far. CONCLUSIONS Findings from the current review have helped to display the sociodemographic, epidemiological, and clinical behavior of myiasis in skin cancer and malignant wounds. Its contribution to the greater tumor tissue destruction is clear; however, more studies are required. The therapeutic management in these patients is equally clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cuestas
- Dermatology Program, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia.,Dermatology Service, Hospital Simon Bolivar, Bogotá, Colombia.,ESTUDIODERMA®, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - John Pedraza
- Dermatology Program, Fundacion Universitaria Sanitas, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Hugo Herrera
- Dermatology Program, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia.,Dermatology Service, Hospital Simon Bolivar, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Adriana Motta
- Dermatology Program, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia.,Dermatology Service, Hospital Simon Bolivar, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Andrés Cuestas
- ESTUDIODERMA®, Bogotá, Colombia.,Clinical and Enginnering Research-Statistical Analysis, Predicto Artificial Intelligence Techonologies LLC, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Yency Forero
- Internal Medicine Program, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | - Ricardo Porras
- Dermatology Program, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia.,Dermatology Service, Hospital Simon Bolivar, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Fernando Urrea
- Clinical Research, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | - Dany Galvis
- Clinical Research, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | - Ingrid Galvis
- Special Training in Radiology, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | | | | | - Rosa Bula
- Clinical Research, Universidad del Sinú, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Oscar Velasquez
- Dermatology Program, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Sergio Lamus
- Clinical Research, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | - Gabriel Ariza
- Clinical Research, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | - Natalia Bayona
- Clinical Research, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Ana Gutierrez
- Dermatology Program, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia.,Dermatology Service, Hospital Simon Bolivar, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Alexandra Segura
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas UPTC - GICBUPTC, Grupo de Investigación en Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia GIDIMEVETZ, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Monica Patiño
- Clinical Research, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Alejandra Perafan
- Dermatology Program, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia.,Dermatology Service, Hospital Simon Bolivar, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Mariam Rolon
- Dermatology Program, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia.,Dermatology Service, Hospital Simon Bolivar, Bogotá, Colombia.,Dermatopathology Department, Hospital Simon Bolívar, Bogotá, Colombia
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Munayco-Guillén F, Muro-Mansilla PA, Marroquín-Loayza LS, Zavala-Loayza JA, Cámara-Reyes RR, Verástegui-Díaz A. Post-traumatic intraocular ophthalmomyasis due to Phormia sp. ARCHIVOS DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE OFTALMOLOGIA 2019; 94:145-148. [PMID: 30337097 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
CLINICAL CASE An 18 year-old male patient presented with an injury to the left eye caused by a firearm. He remained unconscious for 2 days in an agricultural area, had a visual acuity of non-perception of light, wounds with loss of substance in upper and lower eyelid, atalamia, hypotonia, corneal oedema, wound with uveal exposure and exit of larvae in zone II. He was subjected to evisceration of the left eye. DISCUSSION An untreated open ocular traumatism is a risk factor for intraocular ophthalmomyiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Munayco-Guillén
- Servicio de Retina y Vítreo, Instituto Nacional de Oftalmología, Lima, Perú; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú.
| | - P A Muro-Mansilla
- Servicio de Retina y Vítreo, Instituto Nacional de Oftalmología, Lima, Perú; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - L S Marroquín-Loayza
- Servicio de Retina y Vítreo, Instituto Nacional de Oftalmología, Lima, Perú; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - J A Zavala-Loayza
- Servicio de Retina y Vítreo, Instituto Nacional de Oftalmología, Lima, Perú; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - R R Cámara-Reyes
- Universidad San Luis Gonzaga de Ica. Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de Ica (SOCEMI), Ica, Perú
| | - A Verástegui-Díaz
- Universidad Ricardo Palma. Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Ricardo Palma (SOCEMURP), Lima, Perú
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Choe S, Lee D, Park H, Jeon HK, Kim H, Kang JH, Jee CH, Eom KS. Canine Wound Myiasis Caused by Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in Korea. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2016; 54:667-671. [PMID: 27853125 PMCID: PMC5127541 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2016.54.5.667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Myiasis is a relatively common infection of animals kept as pets, although only 1 case of canine myiasis has been described so far in the Republic of Korea. In the present study, we report an additional case of canine wound myiasis with identification of its causative agent, Lucilia sericata. An 8-year-old male Siberian husky dog was referred with anorexia, vomiting, and diarrhea to the Chungbuk National University Veterinary Medical Center, Cheongju-si (city), Chungcheongbuk-do (province), Korea in July 2013. Physical examination indicated the patient had a deep wound filled with a maggot swarm as a left gluteal lesion. A total of 216 maggots were removed by forceps, and the wounded area was sponged with gauzes and disinfected with 70% alcohol and a povidone-iodine solution. After daily care and suturing the wound, the patient was discharged at day 19 after admission. Recovered worms possessed morphological characteristics similar to those of L. sericata, namely, a sub-cylindrical body with 6–8 lobed anterior spiracles, round shaped with a button surrounded by a peritremal ring with no gaps, and similar distances between dorsal, median, and outer papillae of the 12th segment. Additionally, cox1 partial sequences (528 bp) obtained in the present study showed 100% identity with those of L. sericata (GenBank no. KT272854.1). L. sericata is indicated as a pathogen of myiasis infection not only in humans, but also in animals kept as pets in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongjun Choe
- Department of Parasitology, Medical Research Institute and Parasite Resource Bank, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Dongmin Lee
- Department of Parasitology, Medical Research Institute and Parasite Resource Bank, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Hansol Park
- Department of Parasitology, Medical Research Institute and Parasite Resource Bank, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Hyeong-Kyu Jeon
- Department of Parasitology, Medical Research Institute and Parasite Resource Bank, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Hakhyun Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Ji-Houn Kang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Cha-Ho Jee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Keeseon S Eom
- Department of Parasitology, Medical Research Institute and Parasite Resource Bank, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
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Kim YH, Yoon KC, Choi W. A Case of Recurrent External Ophthalmomyiasis Caused by Lucilia sericataMeigen in a Healthy Patient. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2016. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2016.57.4.657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yung Hui Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Kyung Chul Yoon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Won Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
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Abstract
Myiasis, the infestation of tissues of live humans and other vertebrate animals with dipteran larvae (maggots), is a phenomenon of widespread occurrence throughout the tropical regions of the world. It is commonly seen in domestic and wild animals but occurs rarely in man also. The tissue invasion in man by maggots is generally a well-recognized complication of neglected wounds. The condition may be asymptomatic but occasionally results in more or less severe problems and even death when larvae invade body cavities or areas that forbid their direct visual examination. Many cases of myiasis, however, usually do not reach the attention of medical practitioners because of the tendency of the mature larvae to migrate out of the lesion for pupation. In the present study, the authors reviewed the past literature describing the cases of human myiasis, causative fly species and predisposing factors for the onset of the same. The aim of the present manuscript is to provide a database for the future reference of medical entomologists, medical practitioners and veterinarians. Review of literature revealed that 37 fly species belonging to ten families were responsible worldwide for the onset of human myiasis. The incidence of myiasis among humans can be correlated to increasing fly populations, poor hygienic conditions and presence of domestic animals in the close vicinity. Other factors responsible for myiasis include neglected open wounds and foul-smelling discharge from natural body openings. Moreover, ignorance plays a key role in its occurrence since people are generally unaware about the actual cause and often correlate the condition to their superstitious beliefs. It is emphasized that the patients should not neglect their wounds and should take proper medical care; otherwise, myiasis may supervene.
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Abdel-Hafeez EH, Mohamed RM, Belal US, Atiya AM, Takamoto M, Aosai F. Human wound myiasis caused by Phormia regina and Sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis in Minia Governorate, Egypt. Parasitol Res 2015; 114:3703-9. [PMID: 26122995 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4599-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Myiasis is the parasitic infestation of human by the larvae (maggots) of dipterous fly that grow within the host while feeding on its tissue. Cutaneous myiasis is the most considerably encountered clinical form. Moreover, wound (traumatic) myiasis is the main clinical manifestation of cutaneous myiasis. In this research, we aimed to study the type of infesting larvae that are responsible for wound myiasis in the patients in Minia city, Egypt. Three cases of wound myiasis have been noticed among 280 patients with wounds at different parts of bodies. Two of them were diabetic patients. The third one had a history of hypertension with right side hemiplegia 2 years ago. All of them were elderly. The larvae removed from cases 1 and 3 were identified macroscopically and microscopically as the third-stage larvae of Sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis. The larvae removed from case 2 were the third-stage larvae of Phormia regina, which is very rare worldwide. In addition to the open and obsolete wound, diabetes mellitus and low socio-economic circumstances were shown to be attributed as important predisposing risk factors that led to the occurrence of myiasis in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekhlas H Abdel-Hafeez
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
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Choi W, Kim GE, Park SH, Shin SE, Park JH, Yoon KC. First report of external ophthalmomyiasis caused by Lucilia sericata Meigen in a healthy patient without predisposing risk factors. Parasitol Int 2015; 64:281-3. [PMID: 25794816 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A 72-year-old man with no medical history initially presented to the emergency room with severe tearing, redness, foreign body sensation, and pain in the left eye. He reported no previous history of any periocular trauma, malignancy, surgery, or systemic illness. On presentation, the patient only showed left periorbital edema and erythema in the left eyelid with no evidence of any skin malignancy. On slit lamp examination, multiple small whitish motile organisms were observed on the left conjunctival fornices. The organisms were removed, preserved, and identified as the third-stage larvae of Lucilia sericata (green bottle fly). The patient was treated with topical antibiotic and steroid eye drops and the inflammation resolved 1 week after treatment initiation. This is the first report of external ophthalmomyiasis caused by facultative parasite, L. sericata maggots in a healthy patient without any predisposing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, 8 Hakdong, Donggu, Gwangju 501-757, South Korea
| | - Ga Eon Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, 8 Hakdong, Donggu, Gwangju 501-757, South Korea
| | - Seong Hwan Park
- Department of Legal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Inchonro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-705, South Korea
| | - Sang Eon Shin
- Department of Legal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Inchonro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-705, South Korea
| | - Ji Hye Park
- Department of Legal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Inchonro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-705, South Korea
| | - Kyung Chul Yoon
- Department of Ophthalmology and Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, 8 Hakdong, Donggu, Gwangju 501-757, South Korea.
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Abstract
The collection, handling, identification, and reporting of ectoparasitic arthropods in clinical and reference diagnostic laboratories are discussed in this review. Included are data on ticks, mites, lice, fleas, myiasis-causing flies, and bed bugs. The public health importance of these organisms is briefly discussed. The focus is on the morphological identification and proper handling and reporting of cases involving arthropod ectoparasites, particularly those encountered in the United States. Other arthropods and other organisms not of public health concern, but routinely submitted to laboratories for identification, are also briefly discussed.
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Jang M, Ryu SM, Kwon SC, Ha JO, Kim YH, Kim DH, Jung SM, Lee SI, Sohn WM, Cha HJ, Ock M. A case of oral myiasis caused by Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in Korea. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2013; 51:119-23. [PMID: 23467858 PMCID: PMC3587740 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2013.51.1.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Revised: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We report here a case of oral myiasis in the Republic of Korea. The patient was a 37-year-old man with a 30-year history of Becker's muscular dystrophy. He was intubated due to dyspnea 8 days prior to admission to an intensive care unit (ICU). A few hours after the ICU admission, 43 fly larvae were found during suction of the oral cavity. All maggots were identified as the third instars of Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) by morphology. We discussed on the characteristics of myiasis acquired in Korea, including the infection risk and predisposing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mun Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Busan St. Mary's Medical Center, Busan 538-41, Korea
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