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Janssens O, Andreou V, Embo M, Valcke M, De Ruyck O, Robbrecht M, Haerens L. The identification of requirements for competency development during work-integrated learning in healthcare education. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:427. [PMID: 38649850 PMCID: PMC11034030 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05428-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work-integrated learning (WIL) is widely accepted and necessary to attain the essential competencies healthcare students need at their future workplaces. Yet, competency-based education (CBE) remains complex. There often is a focus on daily practice during WIL. Hereby, continuous competency development is at stake. Moreover, the fact that competencies need to continuously develop is often neglected. OBJECTIVES To ultimately contribute to the optimization of CBE in healthcare education, this study aimed at examining how competency development during WIL in healthcare education could be optimized, before and after graduation. METHODS Fourteen semi-structured interviews with 16 experts in competency development and WIL were carried out. Eight healthcare disciplines were included namely associate degree nursing, audiology, family medicine, nursing (bachelor), occupational therapy, podiatry, pediatrics, and speech therapy. Moreover, two independent experts outside the healthcare domain were included to broaden the perspectives on competency development. A qualitative research approach was used based on an inductive thematic analysis using Nvivo12© where 'in vivo' codes were clustered as sub-themes and themes. RESULTS The analysis revealed eight types of requirements for effective and continuous competency development, namely requirements in the context of (1) competency frameworks, (2) reflection and feedback, (3) assessment, (4) the continuity of competency development, (5) mentor involvement, (6) ePortfolios, (7) competency development visualizations, and (8) competency development after graduation. It was noteworthy that certain requirements were fulfilled in one educational program whereas they were absent in another. This emphasizes the large differences in how competence-based education is taking shape in different educational programs and internship contexts. Nevertheless, all educational programs seemed to recognize the importance of ongoing competency development. CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate that identifying and meeting the requirements for effective and continuous competency development is essential to optimize competency development during practice in healthcare education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oona Janssens
- Department of Educational Studies, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, H. Dunantlaan 2, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.
| | - Vasiliki Andreou
- Department of Public Health and Primacy Care, Academic Center for General Practice, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Mieke Embo
- Department of Educational Studies, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, H. Dunantlaan 2, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- Expertise Network Health and Care, Artevelde University of Applied Sciences, Voetweg 66, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Martin Valcke
- Department of Educational Studies, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, H. Dunantlaan 2, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Olivia De Ruyck
- Imec-mict-UGent, Miriam Makebaplein 1, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Product Design, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Campus Kortrijk, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, Kortrijk, 8500, Belgium
- Department of Communication Sciences, Ghent University, Campus Ufo Vakgroep Communicatiewetenschappen Technicum, T1, Sint‑Pietersnieuwstraat 41, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Marieke Robbrecht
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, C. Heymanslaan 10, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Leen Haerens
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
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Almarwani AM, Alzahrani NS. Factors affecting the development of clinical nurses' competency: A systematic review. Nurse Educ Pract 2023; 73:103826. [PMID: 37951064 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM To synthesize and analyze the literature on nursing clinical competence to assess the factors affecting nursing clinical competency. BACKGROUND Nursing competence affects not only patients but also nurses themselves. Competent nurses contribute to patient safety. Prioritizing clinical competency enables nurses to deliver high-quality care. Clinical nursing competency is influenced by various factors including education and training, experience, professional development, clinical judgment, decision-making skills and communication. DESIGN This was a systematic review. METHODS This study utilized an extensive literature search of online databases, including SCOPUS, Web of Science and PubMed. This review followed the guidelines provided by the Effective Practice and Organization of Care (EPOC) Cochrane Group and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. RESULTS This systematic review provided 20 valuable articles, with a total of 6273 participants across the 20 studies, including 18 cross-sectional studies and two descriptive-correlational studies, predominantly using quantitative research methods. The analysis revealed several key factors that significantly affect nurses' clinical competency. These factors included years of experience, workplace environment, theoretical knowledge and educational level, marital status, clinical training, job satisfaction, turnover intention, job stress and critical thinking. CONCLUSIONS Understanding and addressing these factors are crucial for enhancing nurses' clinical competence and ultimately improving patient outcomes. Further research and interventions should be directed towards promoting supportive work environments, continuous education and the development of critical thinking skills among nurses to optimize their clinical competencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Mofdy Almarwani
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, College of Nursing, Taibah University, Medina 42353, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Naif S Alzahrani
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Taibah University, Medina 42353, Saudi Arabia
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Lhadon T, Kitreerawutiwong N. Assessment of competencies in the prevention and control of chronic diseases and their influencing factors among health assistants in Bhutan: a cross-sectional study. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:1334. [PMID: 36357904 PMCID: PMC9647919 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08747-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The morbidity and mortality of chronic diseases are increasing worldwide. The literature confirms that the prevention and control of chronic disease necessitates a robust primary health care system with a competent health care workforce. Studies on competencies in the prevention and control of chronic diseases and their determinants among health assistants (HAs) in Bhutan are scarce. This cross-sectional survey aimed to examine the level of competencies and investigate the factors influencing competencies in the prevention and control of chronic diseases among HAs. Methods The sample consisted of 330 HAs who were recruited through simple random sampling. A validated and reliable self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data through a web-based Google Form. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. Results The findings showed that the mean summed competency score was 191 (SD = 25.7). Approximately 96% of the participants perceived that they were competent in the prevention and control of chronic diseases. The multiple regression analysis indicated that work environment (β = 0.473), sex (β = 0.126), location of the health facility (β = − 0.114), and organizational support (β = 0.117) affected competencies in the prevention and control of chronic diseases by 31.4% with statistical significance (R2 = 0.314) (p < 0.05). Conclusions This study suggested that improving the number of staff and availability of learning resources, considering training for both sexes, especially female primary health care workers, enhancing mentorship and supervision in rural areas, and establishing the recognition and encouragement of primary health care workers are needed.
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Rahmah NM, Hariyati TS, Sahar J. Nurses' efforts to maintain competence: a qualitative study. J Public Health Res 2021; 11. [PMID: 35244357 PMCID: PMC8941307 DOI: 10.4081/jphr.2021.2736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The clinical competence of nurses should be maintained to ensure patient safety. Competence is the integration of knowledge, skills, and attitudes. Nurse competency also improves the quality of nursing care and reduces the incidence of missed nursing care. This study aimed to explore the experiences of nurses maintaining a nurse competence system in hospitals through continuing education. Design and Methods: The research method used was qualitative phenomenological research, and the data was collected through an in-depth interview which was consist of six participants. Results: The results of the research were 1) continuing professional development to maintain the competence, 2) credentialing system in the career ladder system, 3) missed care still occurred in the implementation of nursing services 4) nurses had hopes that managers supported the efforts to maintain competence through continuing professional development. Conclusions: Nurse managers are expected to improve the supervision program to maintain clinical competence and decrease missed care. Significance for public health The results showed that maintaining nursing competence through continuous professional development can improve the quality of nursing care. In addition, support from the leadership is also needed in enhancing the competence of nurses. Competent nurses can improve quality nursing care and increase patient satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tutik Sri Hariyati
- Department of Basic Science and Fundamentals of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java.
| | - Junaiti Sahar
- Department of Community Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java.
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