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Xing JH, Niu TM, Zou BS, Yang GL, Shi CW, Yan QS, Sun MJ, Yu T, Zhang SM, Feng XZ, Fan SH, Huang HB, Wang JH, Li MH, Jiang YL, Wang JZ, Cao X, Wang N, Zeng Y, Hu JT, Zhang D, Sun WS, Yang WT, Wang CF. Gut microbiota-derived LCA mediates the protective effect of PEDV infection in piglets. MICROBIOME 2024; 12:20. [PMID: 38317217 PMCID: PMC10840300 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01734-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiota is a critical factor in the regulation of host health, but the relationship between the differential resistance of hosts to pathogens and the interaction of gut microbes is not yet clear. Herein, we investigated the potential correlation between the gut microbiota of piglets and their disease resistance using single-cell transcriptomics, 16S amplicon sequencing, metagenomics, and untargeted metabolomics. RESULTS Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection leads to significant changes in the gut microbiota of piglets. Notably, Landrace pigs lose their resistance quickly after being infected with PEDV, but transplanting the fecal microbiota of Min pigs to Landrace pigs alleviated the infection status. Macrogenomic and animal protection models identified Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus amylovorus in the gut microbiota as playing an anti-infective role. Moreover, metabolomic screening of the secondary bile acids' deoxycholic acid (DCA) and lithocholic acid (LCA) correlated significantly with Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus amylovorus, but only LCA exerted a protective function in the animal model. In addition, LCA supplementation altered the distribution of intestinal T-cell populations and resulted in significantly enriched CD8+ CTLs, and in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that LCA increased SLA-I expression in porcine intestinal epithelial cells via FXR receptors, thereby recruiting CD8+ CTLs to exert antiviral effects. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings indicate that the diversity of gut microbiota influences the development of the disease, and manipulating Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus amylovorus, as well as LCA, represents a promising strategy to improve PEDV infection in piglets. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hong Xing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Tian-Ming Niu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Bo-Shi Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Gui-Lian Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Chun-Wei Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Qing-Song Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Ming-Jie Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Tong Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Shu-Min Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Xi-Ze Feng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Shu-Hui Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Hai-Bin Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jun-Hong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Ming-Han Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yan-Long Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Xin Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jing-Tao Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Di Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Wu-Sheng Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Wen-Tao Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Chun-Feng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, China.
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Zhang Y, Yin L, Zeng X, Li J, Yin Y, Wang Q, Li J, Yang H. Dietary High Dose of Iron Aggravates the Intestinal Injury but Promotes Intestinal Regeneration by Regulating Intestinal Stem Cells Activity in Adult Mice With Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:870303. [PMID: 35782573 PMCID: PMC9240710 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.870303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of excessive dietary iron intake on the body have been an important topic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of high-dose iron on intestinal damage and regeneration in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis model mice. A total of 72 8-week-old adult C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into two dietary treatment groups: the basal diet supplemented with 45 (control) and 450 mg/kg iron (high-iron) from ferrous sulfate. The mice were fed different diets for 2 weeks, and then 2.5% DSS was orally administered to all mice for 7 days. Samples of different tissues were collected on days 0, 3, and 7 post administration (DPA). High-iron treatment significantly decreased the relative weight of the large intestine at 7 DPA but not at 0 DPA or 3 DPA. High dietary iron increased the jejunal villus width at 0 DPA, decreased the villus width and the crypt depth of the jejunum at 3 DPA, and decreased the number of colonic crypts at 7 DPA. Meanwhile, high dietary iron decreased the number of goblet cells in the jejunal villi and the Paneth cells in the jejunal crypts at 0 DPA, increased the number of goblet cells per crypt of the colon at 3 DPA, and the number of Paneth cells in the jejunal crypts, the goblet cells in the colon, the Ki67-positive proliferating cells in the colon, and the Sex-determining region Y-box transcription factor 9+ (SOX9) cells in the jejunum crypts and colon at 7 DPA. The organoid formation rate was increased by high-iron treatments at 3 DPA and 7 DPA. High dietary iron treatment decreased the mRNA level of jejunal jagged canonical Notch ligand 2 (Jag-2) at 0 DPA and bone morphogenetic protein 4 (Bmp4) and neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated 8 (Nedd8) in the jejunum and colon at 7 DPA, whereas it increased the mRNA expression of the serum/glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (Sgk1) in the colon at 3 DPA. The results suggested that a high dose of iron aggravated intestinal injury but promoted intestinal repair by regulating intestinal epithelial cell renewal and intestinal stem cell activity in adult mice with colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Zhang
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Lanmei Yin
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Lanmei Yin
| | - Xianglin Zeng
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Li
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Safety Technology for Meat Products, Yinxiang Group, Fujian Aonong BiologicaI Science and Technology Group Co., Ltd., Key Laboratory of Swine Nutrition and Feed Science of Fujian Province, Aonong Group, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Yuebang Yin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Qiye Wang
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Huansheng Yang
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Safety Technology for Meat Products, Yinxiang Group, Fujian Aonong BiologicaI Science and Technology Group Co., Ltd., Key Laboratory of Swine Nutrition and Feed Science of Fujian Province, Aonong Group, Zhangzhou, China
- Huansheng Yang
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Karaskova E, Kubickova V, Velganova-Veghova M, Geryk M, Foltenova H, Karasek D. Circulating Levels of WISP-1 (Wnt1-Inducible Signaling Pathway Protein 1) and Other Selected Adipokines in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Physiol Res 2022; 71:275-284. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt1 inducible protein-1 signaling pathway (WISP-1) is a relatively new adipokine involved in many cellular processes, including epithelial mucosa healing. The aim of the study was to compare circulating levels of WISP-1 and other selected adipokines [adiponectin, resistin and retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP-4)] in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with healthy controls and to investigate possible differences between Crohn's disease patients. (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC). The study was performed as a case-control study. In addition to adipokines, anthropometric, lipid parameters, markers of inflammation or disease activity were evaluated in all participants. Compared to healthy controls (n=20), significantly lower levels of adiponectin and higher levels of resistin and WISP-1 were found in patients with IBD (n=58). Elevation of WISP-1 was detected only in the CD group (n=31). There were no differences in RBP-4 levels between the groups. Adiponectin, WISP-1 and RBP-4 were independently associated with body mass index only, resistin levels were associated with C-reactive protein levels and leukocyte counts. Adverse adipokines production reflects presence of dysfunctional fat tissue in IBD patients. Higher levels of WISP-1 in CD compared to patients with UC may indicate a specific role for mesenteric adipose tissue in WISP-1 production.
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Wang S, Bai M, Shu Q, Liu Z, Shao Y, Xu K, Xiong X, Liu H, Li Y. Modulating Effect of Paeonol on Piglets With Ulcerative Colitis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:846684. [PMID: 35495936 PMCID: PMC9045399 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.846684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Piglet enteritis is a major problem that needs to be solved urgently in modern pig production. Paeonol (Pae) has been used as a novel treatment option due to its good medicinal value. This study purported to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of Pae on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in weaned piglets. A total of 36 crossbred (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) weaned piglets were stochastically split into six groups: the control group, DSS group, 0.2% Pae group, 0.4% Pae group, 0.8% Pae group, and mesalazine group. The control and DSS groups were fed with a basic diet, the three Pae and mesalazine groups were fed with 0.2, 0.4, 0.8%, and 2 g mesalazine per kilogram of basic diet throughout the study. On the 15th day of the test period, the control group was gavaged with 10 ml of normal saline, while the remaining five groups were gavaged with 10 ml 5% DSS solution for 13 days. The study lasted for 27 days. The results showed that the 0.8% Pae group significantly increased the average daily feed intake (ADFI) and Occludin mRNA expression in the colon of piglets (P < 0.05). The 0.2% Pae group markedly increased the average daily gain (ADG) and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) mRNA expression (P < 0.05). In the 0.2% and 0.4% Pae groups, the feed-to-gain ratio (F/G) was significantly reduced and the mRNA expression levels of Caspase-8, respectively, markedly enhanced the mRNA expression levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and interleukins-4 (IL-4) (P < 0.05). In the 0.8% Pae group, the relative abundance of Campilobacterota was significantly reduced (P < 0.05). In the 0.4% Pae group, the relative abundance of Firmicutes was notably increased (P < 0.05). In the 0.2 and 0.8% Pae groups, the relative abundance of Prevotella was markedly increased (P < 0.05). In the 0.2% Pae group, the contents of propionic acid, butyric acid, and valerate acid were markedly higher (P < 0.05). Thus, it is speculated that Pae may regulate the balance of anti-inflammatory/pro-inflammatory factors, improve intestinal tight junction expression, reduce apoptosis, and improve intestinal microflora structure and growth performance of piglets, thereby restoring intestinal barrier function and alleviating DSS-induced UC in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Miaomiao Bai
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Qingyan Shu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Zhengan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Yirui Shao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Kang Xu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Xia Xiong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Hongnan Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Hongnan Liu
| | - Yao Li
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Yao Li
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Vaghari-Tabari M, Targhazeh N, Moein S, Qujeq D, Alemi F, Majidina M, Younesi S, Asemi Z, Yousefi B. From inflammatory bowel disease to colorectal cancer: what's the role of miRNAs? Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:146. [PMID: 35410210 PMCID: PMC8996392 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02557-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease with relapse and remission periods. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are two major forms of the disease. IBD imposes a lot of sufferings on the patient and has many consequences; however, the most important is the increased risk of colorectal cancer, especially in patients with Ulcerative colitis. This risk is increased with increasing the duration of disease, thus preventing the progression of IBD to cancer is very important. Therefore, it is necessary to know the details of events contributed to the progression of IBD to cancer. In recent years, the importance of miRNAs as small molecules with 20-22 nucleotides has been recognized in pathophysiology of many diseases, in which IBD and colorectal cancer have not been excluded. As a result, the effectiveness of these small molecules as therapeutic target is hopefully confirmed. This paper has reviewed the related studies and findings about the role of miRNAs in the course of events that promote the progression of IBD to colorectal carcinoma, as well as a review about the effectiveness of some of these miRNAs as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Vaghari-Tabari
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Niloufar Targhazeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soheila Moein
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Durdi Qujeq
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center (CMBRC), Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Forough Alemi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidina
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Simin Younesi
- Schoole of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melborne, VIC, Australia
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Bureš J, Kohoutová D, Květina J, Radochová V, Pavlík M, Tichý A, Rejchrt S, Kopáčová M, Douda T, Vysloužil D, Pejchal J. The Effect of Lactobacillus casei on Experimental Porcine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Induced by Dextran Sodium Sulphate. ACTA MEDICA (HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ) 2021; 64:85-90. [PMID: 34331427 DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2021.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal injury caused by dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) is a reliable porcine experimental model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of probiotic Lactobacillus casei DN 114001 (LC) on DSS-induced experimental IBD. RESULTS Eighteen female pigs (Sus scrofa f. domestica, weight 33-36 kg, age 4-5 months) were divided into 3 groups (6 animals per group): controls with no treatment, DSS, and DSS + LC. LC was administered to overnight fasting animals in a dietary bolus in the morning on days 1-7 (4.5 × 1010 live bacteria/day). DSS was applied simultaneously on days 3-7 (0.25 g/kg/day). On day 8, the pigs were sacrificed. Histopathological score and length of crypts/glands (stomach, jejunum, ileum, transverse colon), length and width of villi (jejunum, ileum), and mitotic and apoptotic indices (jejunum, ileum, transverse colon) were assessed. DSS increased the length of glands in the stomach, length of crypts and villi in the jejunum and ileum, and the histopathological score of gastrointestinal damage, length of crypts and mitotic activity in the transverse colon. Other changes did not achieve any statistical significance. Administration of LC reduced the length of villi in the jejunum and ileum to control levels and decreased the length of crypts in the jejunum. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with a probiotic strain of LC significantly accelerated regeneration of the small intestine in a DSS-induced experimental porcine model of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bureš
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Gastroenterology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Darina Kohoutová
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Gastroenterology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Květina
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Gastroenterology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Věra Radochová
- Animal Laboratory, University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Pavlík
- Animal Laboratory, University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Tichý
- Department of Radiobiology, University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Rejchrt
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Gastroenterology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Kopáčová
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Gastroenterology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Douda
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Gastroenterology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - David Vysloužil
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Pejchal
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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7
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Dextran Sodium Sulphate-Induced Gastrointestinal Injury Further Aggravates the Impact of Galantamine on the Gastric Myoelectric Activity in Experimental Pigs. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14060590. [PMID: 34207410 PMCID: PMC8234489 DOI: 10.3390/ph14060590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Galantamine has been used as a treatment for Alzheimer disease. It has a unique, dual mode of action (inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase and allosteric modulator of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors). Nausea (in about 20%), vomiting (10%) and diarrhoea (5–7%) are the most common side effects. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of galantamine on porcine gastric myoelectric activity without (Group A) and with (Group B) dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced gastrointestinal injury. Galantamine hydrobromide was administrated to twelve pigs as a single intragastric dose (24 mg). Gastric myoelectric activity was investigated by electrogastrography (EGG). Basal (15 min before galantamine administration) and study recordings after galantamine administration (300 min) were evaluated using a running spectral analysis. Results were expressed as dominant frequency of gastric slow waves and power analysis (areas of amplitudes). Altogether, 3780 one-minute EGG recordings were evaluated. In Group A, power was steady from basal values for 180 min, then gradually decreased till 270 min (p = 0.007). In Group B, there was a rapid gradual fall from basal values to those after 120 min (p = 0.007) till 300 min (p ˂ 0.001). In conclusion, galantamine alone revealed an unfavourable effect on porcine myoelectric activity assessed by gastric power. It can be a plausible explanation of galantamine-associated dyspepsia in humans. DSS caused further profound decrease of EGG power. That may indicate that underlying inflammatory, ischaemic or NSAIDs-induced condition of the intestine in humans can have aggravated the effect of galantamine on gastric myoelectric activity.
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8
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Chen Y, Guo Y, Gharibani P, Chen J, Selaru FM, Chen JDZ. Transitional changes in gastrointestinal transit and rectal sensitivity from active to recovery of inflammation in a rodent model of colitis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8284. [PMID: 33859347 PMCID: PMC8050040 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87814-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with ulcerative colitis are typically suspected of an inflammatory flare based on suggestive symptoms of inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of inflammation on colonic motility and rectal sensitivity from active to recovery of inflammation. Male rats were given drinking water with 5% dextran sulfate sodium for 7 days. Inflammation, intestinal motor and sensory functions were investigated weekly for 6 weeks. (1) The disease activity index score, fecal calprotectin and tumor necrosis factor alpha were increased from Day 0 to Day 7 (active inflammation) and then decreased gradually until recovery. (2) Distal colon transit was accelerated on Day 7, and then remained unchanged. Whole gut transit was delayed on Day 7 but accelerated from Day 14 to Day 42. (3) Rectal compliance was unaffected from Day 0 to Day 7, but decreased afterwards. (4) Rectal hypersensitivity was noted on Day 7 and persistent. (5) Plasma acetylcholine was decreased on Day 7 but increased from Day 14 to Day 42. Nerve growth factor was increased from Day 7 to Day 42. DSS-induced inflammation leads to visceral hypersensitivity that is sustained until the resolution of inflammation, probably mediated by NGF. Rectal compliance is reduced one week after the DSS-induced inflammation and the reduction is sustained until the resolution of inflammation. Gastrointestinal transit is also altered during and after active colonic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Payam Gharibani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jie Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Florin M Selaru
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jiande D Z Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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9
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Bures J, Tacheci I, Kvetina J, Radochova V, Prchal L, Kohoutova D, Valis M, Novak M, Dolezal R, Kopacova M, Rejchrt S, Sestak V, Knoblochova V, Peterova E, Zdarova Karasova J. The Impact of Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Gastrointestinal Injury on the Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Donepezil and Its Active Metabolite 6- O-desmethyldonepezil, and Gastric Myoelectric Activity in Experimental Pigs. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082160. [PMID: 33918638 PMCID: PMC8070437 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal side effects of donepezil, including dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting or diarrhea, occur in 20–30% of patients. The pathogenesis of these dysmotility associated disorders has not been fully clarified yet. Pharmacokinetic parameters of donepezil and its active metabolite 6-O-desmethyldonepezil were investigated in experimental pigs with and without small intestinal injury induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Morphological features of this injury were evaluated by a video capsule endoscopy. The effect of a single and repeated doses of donepezil on gastric myoelectric activity was assessed. Both DSS-induced small intestinal injury and prolonged small intestinal transit time caused higher plasma concentrations of donepezil in experimental pigs. This has an important implication for clinical practice in humans, with a need to reduce doses of the drug if an underlying gastrointestinal disease is present. Donepezil had an undesirable impact on porcine myoelectric activity. This effect was further aggravated by DSS-induced small intestinal injury. These findings can explain donepezil-associated dyspepsia in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bures
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine-Gastroenterology, Charles University Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (I.T.); (J.K.); (D.K.); (M.K.); (S.R.); (V.K.); (E.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ilja Tacheci
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine-Gastroenterology, Charles University Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (I.T.); (J.K.); (D.K.); (M.K.); (S.R.); (V.K.); (E.P.)
| | - Jaroslav Kvetina
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine-Gastroenterology, Charles University Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (I.T.); (J.K.); (D.K.); (M.K.); (S.R.); (V.K.); (E.P.)
| | - Vera Radochova
- Animal Laboratory, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Lukas Prchal
- Centre of Biomedical Research, University Hospital, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (L.P.); (M.N.); (R.D.); (J.Z.K.)
| | - Darina Kohoutova
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine-Gastroenterology, Charles University Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (I.T.); (J.K.); (D.K.); (M.K.); (S.R.); (V.K.); (E.P.)
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Martin Valis
- Department of Neurology, Charles University Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Martin Novak
- Centre of Biomedical Research, University Hospital, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (L.P.); (M.N.); (R.D.); (J.Z.K.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Rafael Dolezal
- Centre of Biomedical Research, University Hospital, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (L.P.); (M.N.); (R.D.); (J.Z.K.)
| | - Marcela Kopacova
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine-Gastroenterology, Charles University Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (I.T.); (J.K.); (D.K.); (M.K.); (S.R.); (V.K.); (E.P.)
| | - Stanislav Rejchrt
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine-Gastroenterology, Charles University Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (I.T.); (J.K.); (D.K.); (M.K.); (S.R.); (V.K.); (E.P.)
| | - Vit Sestak
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Veronika Knoblochova
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine-Gastroenterology, Charles University Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (I.T.); (J.K.); (D.K.); (M.K.); (S.R.); (V.K.); (E.P.)
| | - Eva Peterova
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine-Gastroenterology, Charles University Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (I.T.); (J.K.); (D.K.); (M.K.); (S.R.); (V.K.); (E.P.)
| | - Jana Zdarova Karasova
- Centre of Biomedical Research, University Hospital, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (L.P.); (M.N.); (R.D.); (J.Z.K.)
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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10
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Dietary Red Meat Adversely Affects Disease Severity in a Pig Model of DSS-Induced Colitis Despite Reduction in Colonic Pro-Inflammatory Gene Expression. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061728. [PMID: 32526985 PMCID: PMC7353045 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet plays a substantial role in the pathogenesis and management of ulcerative colitis (UC), and epidemiologic studies indicate an association between red meat intake and increased risk of UC development. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of a red meat diet on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in pigs. Weaned pigs (42 days old) were fed either a control diet or a diet substituted with 15% minced, cooked and dried beef from experimental day 0 to 14. From day 14 to 18, half of the pigs on each diet received a daily oral dose of DSS. Dietary red meat aggravated the severity of colitis based on clinical signs of disease (negative performance score) and histopathological parameters in the colon such as erosion/ulceration and the overall inflammation score but no negative effects were observed on systemic health or small intestinal permeability. Importantly, dietary meat also caused a potential beneficial reduction in the colonic expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-17A and IL-6, the pro-inflammatory enzyme PTGS2 and in the chemokine IL-8. The present study emphasizes the potential of diet to modulate mucosal inflammation and that a red meat diet might be a risk factor for the development of inflammatory bowel disease.
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11
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Vrablicova Z, Soltys K, Krajcovicova A, Stuchlikova K, Sturdik I, Koller T, Huorka M, Payer J, Killinger Z, Jackuliak P, Tkacik M, Stuchlik S, Sekac J, Hlavaty T. Impact of smoking cigarette on the mRNA expression of cytokines in mucosa of inflammatory bowel disease. Physiol Res 2020; 68:S183-S192. [PMID: 31842582 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that smoking is the risk factor in the development and clinical course of Crohn s disease (CD), but on the other hand, smoking is a protective factor against ulcerative colitis (UC). The pathways that are influenced by smoking in CD and UC are poorly understood. The aim of our study was to analyse the influence of smoking on the mRNA expression of cytokines in mucosa in patients with CD and UC. We performed a cross-sectional study. The cohort consisted of 86 IBD patients (48 CD patients and 38 UC patients) and took place at the IBD Centre at the University Hospital Bratislava-Ružinov. We took the demographic and clinical data of each patient, including information about their smoking habits. We performed a colonoscopy on each patient and took biopsies from both inflamed and non-inflamed sigma (CD, UC) and terminal ileum (CD). mRNA was extracted from mucosal biopsy samples for each cytokine and was normalized to a housekeeping gene (GAPDH). Finally, we compared the mRNA expression of target cytokines in the mucosa of smokers and non-smokers in IBD patients. Smokers with Crohn s disease have a significantly higher mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF ? (p=0.003) in inflamed mucosa in sigma compared with non-smokers. In smokers with ulcerative colitis, we observed significantly higher mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL 10 (p=0.022) in non-inflamed mucosa of sigma. Similarly, smokers with UC have a significantly decreased mRNA expression of cytokine TLR 2 (p=0.024) and CCR1 (p=0.049) in non-inflamed mucosa of sigma. Based on our results, smoking has a positive influence on cessation and the clinical course of UC due to the stimulation of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL 10 in mucosa. On the other hand, smokers with CD have a higher expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF ?, which could be associated with a worsening of the disease and response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Vrablicova
- 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Sub-department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, University Hospital Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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12
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Rafiee-Tari N, Fan MZ, Archbold T, Arranz E, Corredig M. Effect of milk protein composition and amount of β-casein on growth performance, gut hormones, and inflammatory cytokines in an in vivo piglet model. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:8604-8613. [PMID: 31378502 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to better understand the effect of differences in milk protein composition, and specifically, a change in β-casein to total casein in a milk-based matrix, on growth performance and metabolic and inflammatory responses using a piglet model. Three formulas were optimized for piglets, with similar metabolizable energy, total protein content, and other essential nutrients. Only the protein type and ratio varied between the treatments: the protein fraction of the control diet contained only whey proteins, whereas 2 other matrices contained a whey protein to casein ratio of 60:40, and differed in the amount of β-casein (12.5 and 17.1% of total protein). Piglets fed formula containing whey proteins and caseins, regardless of the concentration of β-casein, showed a significantly higher average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and feed efficiency compared with piglets consuming the formula with only whey protein. Consumption of the formula containing only whey protein showed higher levels of plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 and ghrelin compared with the consumption of formula containing casein and whey protein. A positive correlation was observed between postprandial time and glucagon-like peptide-1 response. The intestinal pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α increased significantly in piglets fed the whey protein/casein diet compared with those fed whey protein formula. All formula-fed piglets showed a lower level of IL-6 cytokine compared with the ad libitum sow-fed piglets, regardless of composition. No significant differences in the anti-inflammatory IL-10 concentration were observed between treatment groups. Milk protein composition contributed to the regulation of piglets' metabolic and physiological responses, with whey protein/casein formula promoting growth performance and a different immune regulatory balance compared with a formula containing only whey protein. Results indicated no differences between treatments containing different levels of β-casein.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Rafiee-Tari
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph N1G2W1, ON, Canada
| | - M Z Fan
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph N1G2W1, ON, Canada
| | - T Archbold
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph N1G2W1, ON, Canada
| | - E Arranz
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph N1G2W1, ON, Canada
| | - M Corredig
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph N1G2W1, ON, Canada; iFood Center, Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark.
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13
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Zadka Ł, Kulus MJ, Kurnol K, Piotrowska A, Glatzel-Plucińska N, Jurek T, Czuba M, Nowak A, Chabowski M, Janczak D, Dzięgiel P. The expression of IL10RA in colorectal cancer and its correlation with the proliferation index and the clinical stage of the disease. Cytokine 2018; 110:116-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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14
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Wang X, Li D, Zhang Y, Wu S, Tang F. Costus root granules improve ulcerative colitis through regulation of TGF-β mediation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:4477-4484. [PMID: 29731832 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic nonspecific inflammatory disease that occurs in the colon and rectum. Costus root is a type of traditional Chinese medicine that exhibits antibacterial properties and serves an inhibitory role in the regeneration of gut bacteria. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying Costus root-mediated improvements in ulcerative colitis remain unclear. A complex formula of Costus root granules was created and investigated in the present study for its therapeutic effects in a rat model of ulcerative colitis. Ingredient dissolution into a traditional water decoction was used as a control. The potential mechanism mediated by Costus root granules was also analyzed in colonic epithelial cells isolated from the experimental rats. The results of the present study demonstrated that Costus root granule treatment inhibited inflammation in colonic tissue. Costus root granule treatment also suppressed the apoptosis of colonic epithelial cells isolated from the rat model of ulcerative colitis. Analyses of the underlying mechanisms of these effects indicated that the administration of Costus root granules increased transforming growth factor β expression, which activated the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/RAC-α serine/threonine-protein kinase signaling pathway in colonic epithelial cells. Notably, the administration of Costus root granules improved stomachache, diarrhea and hematochezia in and increased the body weight of, the ulcerative colitis rats. In conclusion, these results indicate that Costus root granules markedly ameliorate inflammation of the colonic epithelium, decrease the apoptosis of colonic epithelial cells and improve colonic function, which suggests that Costus root granules are an efficient agent for the treatment of ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Tianjin Red Sun Kang Rentang Pharmaceutical Sales Co., Ltd., Tianjin 360045, P.R. China
| | - Fang Tang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
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