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Suzuki H, Yamamoto T. CXCL14-like immunoreactivity in somatostatin-producing cells of the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) pancreas. Anat Histol Embryol 2023; 52:158-162. [PMID: 36148519 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study examines chemokine CXCL14-like peptide distribution in the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) pancreas using a specific anti-human CXCL14 antibody. CXCL14-immunoreactive cells were observed in the pancreatic islet peripheral region. The staining was abolished after pre-absorbing the antibody with recombinant human CXCL14. CXCL14-immunoreactive cells were immuno-positive for somatostatin, but not glucagon and insulin. CXCL14 secreted from somatostatin-producing cells might participate in insulin secretion modulation together with somatostatin. In addition, CXCL14 might participate in glucose homeostasis in co-operation with somatostatin and growth hormone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohumi Suzuki
- Department of Biology, University of Teacher Education Fukuoka, Munakata, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Yamamoto
- Brain Functions and Neuroscience Unit, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Japan
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Chan PC, Hsieh PS. The Chemokine Systems at the Crossroads of Inflammation and Energy Metabolism in the Development of Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413528. [PMID: 34948325 PMCID: PMC8709111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is characterized as a complex and multifactorial excess accretion of adipose tissue accompanied with alterations in the immune and metabolic responses. Although the chemokine systems have been documented to be involved in the control of tissue inflammation and metabolism, the dual role of chemokines and chemokine receptors in the pathogenesis of the inflammatory milieu and dysregulated energy metabolism in obesity remains elusive. The objective of this review is to present an update on the link between chemokines and obesity-related inflammation and metabolism dysregulation under the light of recent knowledge, which may present important therapeutic targets that could control obesity-associated immune and metabolic disorders and chronic complications in the near future. In addition, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of chemokines and chemokine receptors including the potential effect of post-translational modification of chemokines in the regulation of inflammation and energy metabolism will be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chi Chan
- National Defense Medical Center (NDMC), Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Po-Shiuan Hsieh
- National Defense Medical Center (NDMC), Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, NDMC, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-87923100 (ext. 18622); Fax: +886-2-87924827
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The chemokine CXCL14 is negatively associated with obesity and concomitant type-2 diabetes in humans. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:706-710. [PMID: 33414488 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-020-00732-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand-14 (CXCL14) levels are downregulated in experimental rodent models of obesity. Moreover, CXCL14 reportedly favors insulin sensitization in obese mice. Here we examined, for the first time, the role of CXCL14 in human obesity. We found that circulating levels of CXCL14 were decreased in patients with obesity and, especially, those with concomitant type-2 diabetes. CXCL14 levels were negatively associated with BMI and with indices of impaired glucose/insulin homeostasis. CXCL14 expression was decreased in subcutaneous adipose tissue from patients with obesity and type-2 diabetes. In adipose tissue, CXCL14 expression was negatively correlated with the expression of genes encoding pro-inflammatory molecules, and positively correlated with GLUT4 and adiponectin expression. In conclusion, obesity, and especially, concomitant type-2 diabetes are associated with abnormally decreased levels of CXCL14 in blood and impaired CXCL14 expression in adipose tissue. CXCL14 downregulation may be a novel biomarker of altered metabolism in obesity. CXCL14 also deserves further research as a therapeutic candidate.
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Yamamoto T, Sasaguri K, Mizumoto N, Suzuki H. The Chemokine CXCL14-like Immunoreactivity Co-exists with Somatostatin, but not NPY in the Rat Dorsal Horn and Has Intimate Association with GABAergic Neurons in the Lateral Spinal Nucleus. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2020; 53:121-129. [PMID: 33177784 PMCID: PMC7642483 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.20-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have proposed that the chemokine CXCL14 not only has a chemotactic activity, but also functions as a neuromodulator and/or neurotransmitter. In this study, we investigated the distribution of CXCL14 immunoreactive structures in the rat spinal cord and clarified the association of these structures with somatostatin, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD; a marker for GABAergic neurons), and neuropeptide Y (NPY). CXCL14 immunoreactive fibers and puncta were observed in lamina II, which modulates somatosensation including nociception, and the lateral spinal nucleus of the spinal dorsal horn at cervical, thoracic, and lumber spinal cord levels. These CXCL14 immunoreactive structures were also immuno-positive for somatostatin, but were immuno-negative for GAD and NPY. In the cervical lateral spinal nucleus, CXCL14 immunoreactive puncta, which were also immuno-positive for somatostatin, existed along the proximal dendrites of some of GABAergic neurons. Together, these results suggest that CXCL14 contributes to the modulation of somatosensation in concert with somatostatin. Neurons targeted by the CXCL14 fiber system include GABAergic neurons located in the lateral spinal nucleus suggesting that CXCL14 with somatostatin can influence the GABAergic neuron function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiharu Yamamoto
- Brain Functions and Neuroscience Division, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University
| | - Kenichi Sasaguri
- Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jichi Medical University, School of Medicine
| | | | - Hirohumi Suzuki
- Department of Biology, University of Teacher Education Fukuoka
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Li X, Wang X, Li Z, Liu Y, Sang L, Zhang Z, Zhang Y. Expression and regulation effects of chemokine receptor 7 in colon cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:226-234. [PMID: 32565949 PMCID: PMC7285870 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In China the incidence and mortality rates of colon cancer have been increasing annually. Studies have revealed that CXCR7 is expressed in many tumors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the function of CXCR7 in colon cancer. The expression level of chemokine receptor 7 (CXCR7) in Caco-2 and HCT116 cells was investigated to elucidate the effect of CXCR7 on cell biological behavior. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analysis were used to detect the expression level of CXCR7 in Caco-2 and HCT116 cells after transfection with small interfering (si)RNA. To analyze the in vitro biological function of CXCR7, cell proliferation was measured using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and cell invasion and migration were measured using Matrigel, and Transwell and wound healing assays. siRNAs were successfully transfected into Caco-2 and HCT116 cells and resulted in a decrease in CXCR7 protein and mRNA expression. Downregulation of CXCR7 inhibited Caco-2 and HCT116 cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Regulation of CXCR7 expression may affect the biological behavior of Caco-2 and HCT116 cells, suggesting that CXCR7 has a potential role in molecular therapy in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Zitao Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hongqi Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Liang Sang
- Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yixia Zhang
- Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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Suzuki H, Yamamoto T. Chemokine CXCL14-like immunoreactivity in the αMSH-producing cells and PRL-producing cells of the flat-tailed house gecko pituitary. J Vet Med Sci 2020; 82:408-413. [PMID: 32037367 PMCID: PMC7192720 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.19-0567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The distribution pattern of chemokine CXCL14-immunoreactive cells was examined by
immunohistochemistry in the pituitary of the gecko Hemidactylus
platyurus. Immunoreactive cells were observed in the pars intermedia and pars
distalis of the pituitary, but not in the pars nervosa. All α-melanocyte-stimulating
hormone (αMSH)-producing cells were immunoreactive for CXCL14 in the pars intermedia. The
CXCL14-immunoreactive cells corresponded to prolactin (PRL)-producing cells but not to
other adenohypophyseal-hormone-producing cells in the pars distalis. CXCL14 secreted from
αMSH-producing cells and PRL-producing cells may regulate insulin release from β cells in
the pancreatic islets as well as glucose uptake in the muscle cells together with αMSH
and/or PRL. In addition, secreted CXCL14 with αMSH and/or PRL may act as a bioactive
factor regulating hormone release in the adenohypophyseal cells of the reptilian pars
distalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohumi Suzuki
- Department of Biology, University of Teacher Education Fukuoka, Akamabunkyo-machi 1-1, Munakata, Fukuoka 811-4192, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Yamamoto
- Brain Functions and Neuroscience Unit, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Inaoka-cho 82, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan
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García-Beltran C, Cereijo R, Quesada-López T, Malpique R, López-Bermejo A, de Zegher F, Ibáñez L, Villarroya F. Reduced circulating levels of chemokine CXCL14 in adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome: normalization after insulin sensitization. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e001035. [PMID: 32107266 PMCID: PMC7206903 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-001035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE CXCL14 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand-14) is a chemokine released by active brown fat, showing protective effects against insulin resistance in experimental models. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in adolescent girls is usually related to hepato-visceral fat excess and insulin resistance, and associates with comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes. Treatment with a low-dose combination of one antiandrogen and antimineralocorticoid drug (spironolactone) and two insulin sensitizers (pioglitazone/metformin) (SPIOMET) is particularly effective in improving these metabolic derangements. Adipose tissue may be involved in the metabolic alterations of PCOS, and it is a likely target of therapeutic action. We investigated the alterations in CXCL14 levels and the effects of drugs composing SPIOMET treatment on CXCL14 in human adipocytes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied 51 adolescent patients with PCOS and 21 age-matched healthy controls. Thirty-one adolescent patients with PCOS under SPIOMET or oral contraception-based treatment were also studied. For studies in vitro, Simpson Golabi Behmel Syndrome (SGBS) adipose cells were used. Gene expression for CXCL14 and other genes was quantified using quantitative real-time PCR. The levels of CXCL14 and adipokines in serum and cell culture media were determined by ELISA. RESULTS Serum CXCL14 levels are reduced in patients with PCOS. One-year SPIOMET treatment normalized CXCL14 concentrations and improved the metabolic status of patients with PCOS. Pioglitazone induced CXCL14 expression in differentiating human SGBS adipocytes, in parallel with the induction of marker genes of brown adipogenesis. Spironolactone induced CXCL14 expression and release in differentiated human adipocytes. CONCLUSION Insulin sensitization with SPIOMET normalizes the abnormally low levels of CXCL14 in girls with PCOS. This is consistent with the effects of pioglitazone and spironolactone inducing CXCL14 expression and promoting a brown-like phenotype in adipocytes. CXCL14 may be a novel biomarker for PCOS as well as a potential mediator of the beneficial effects of the SPIOMET combination and may hold promise as a therapeutic modulator of the disorder. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS ISRCTN29234515 and ISCRCTN11062950.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina García-Beltran
- Pediatric Research Institute Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruben Cereijo
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tania Quesada-López
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rita Malpique
- Pediatric Research Institute Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Abel López-Bermejo
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona, Spain
- Girona Institute for Biomedical Research, Girona, Spain
| | - Francis de Zegher
- Department of Development & Regeneration, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lourdes Ibáñez
- Pediatric Research Institute Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc Villarroya
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Madrid, Spain
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