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Sun C, Jin K, Zhou J, Zuo Q, Song J, Yani Z, Chen G, Li B. Role and function of the Hintw in early sex differentiation in chicken ( Gallus gallus) embryo. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:56-66. [PMID: 34153202 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.1935981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mono-Sex culturing is an important methodology for intensive livestock and poultry production. Here, Hintw was identified as a potential key gene in sex-determination process in chickens via RNA-seq. Then we developed an effective method to interfere or overexpress Hintw in chicken embryos through the intravascular injection. QRT-PCR, ELISA and H&E staining were used to detect the effects of Hintw on gonadal development of chicken embryos. Results showed that Hintw exhibited a female-biased expression pattern in the early stage of PGCs (primordial germ cells) in embryonic gonads. The qRT-PCR analysis showed that Foxl2, Cyp19a1 in females were upregulated under the overexpression of Hintw, while Sox9 and Dmrt1 were downregulated Hintw. Overexpression of Hintw can promote the development of gonadal cortex, while interference with Hintw show the opposite result. Additionally, we found that overexpression of the Hintw in male chicken embryos could inhibit androgen levels and increase estrogen levels. On the other hand, interfering with Hintw in female chicken embryos decreased estrogen levels and increased androgen levels. In conclusion, this work sets the basis for the understanding of the molecular regulatory network for the sex-determination process in chicken embryos as well as providing the theoretical basis for mono-sex culturing of poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Department of Food technology, College of Biochemical Engineering, Yangzhou Polytechnic College, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kai Jin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qisheng Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiuzhou Song
- Animal & Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Zhang Yani
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guohong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Bichun Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Sans ECDO, Tuyttens FAM, Taconeli CA, Pedrazzani AS, Vale MM, Molento CFM. From the Point of View of the Chickens: What Difference Does a Window Make? Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:3397. [PMID: 34944173 PMCID: PMC8698106 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate what broiler chickens prefer when given free choice between a barn side with artificial lighting only as opposed to the other barn side with natural light through glass windows and artificial light. Eighty-five 1 day-old male Cobb 500 broiler chickens were divided into 10 pens; half of each pen area was provided with only artificial light (OAL) and the other half with natural and artificial light (NAL), and birds were free to move across sides. Environmental indicators and external conditions such as temperature, relative humidity, air velocity, ammonia and illuminance were monitored inside and outside the barn. Chickens' preference was registered each three days, divided in categories: I (at 9, 12, and 15 days), II (at 18, 21, 24, and 27 days), and III (at 30, 33 and 36 days). The effect of the interaction between environmental indicators and week was statistically different only for illuminance. Chickens preferred NAL to OAL from 18 days onwards (II p < 0.001; III p = 0.016). Drinking (p = 0.034) and exploration or locomotion (p = 0.042) behaviours were more frequent, and "not visible" behaviours (p < 0.001) were less frequent, in NAL. Foraging was the only behaviour with an interaction effect between age category and light treatment, as birds during period II expressed this behaviour more frequently in NAL than OAL (p = 0.003). For our experimental conditions, the chickens preferred NAL from 18 days of age onwards, when the confounding effect of the heating light was removed, and their behavioural repertoire was also different according to each side of the barn and to their ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Cristina de Oliveira Sans
- Animal Welfare Laboratory, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Curitiba 80035-050, Paraná, Brazil; (A.S.P.); (C.F.M.M.)
| | - Frank André Maurice Tuyttens
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Scheldeweg 68, 9090 Melle, Belgium;
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Cesar Augusto Taconeli
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of Paraná, Rua Evaristo F. Ferreira da Costa, 408, Curitiba 81531-990, Paraná, Brazil;
| | - Ana Silvia Pedrazzani
- Animal Welfare Laboratory, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Curitiba 80035-050, Paraná, Brazil; (A.S.P.); (C.F.M.M.)
| | - Marcos Martinez Vale
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Curitiba 80035-050, Paraná, Brazil;
| | - Carla Forte Maiolino Molento
- Animal Welfare Laboratory, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Curitiba 80035-050, Paraná, Brazil; (A.S.P.); (C.F.M.M.)
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Chen X, Shafer D, Sifri M, Lilburn M, Karcher D, Cherry P, Wakenell P, Fraley S, Turk M, Fraley GS. Centennial Review: History and husbandry recommendations for raising Pekin ducks in research or commercial production. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101241. [PMID: 34229220 PMCID: PMC8261006 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
By some accounts, ducks were domesticated between 400 and 10,000 yr ago and have been a growing portion of the poultry industry for decades. Ducks specifically, and waterfowl in general, have unique health, housing, nutrition and welfare concerns compared to their galliform counterparts. Although there have been many research publications in regards to health, nutrition, behavior, and welfare of ducks there have been very few reviews to provide an overview of these numerous studies, and only one text has attempted to review all aspects of the duck industry, from breeders to meat ducks. This review covers incubation, hatching, housing, welfare, nutrition, and euthanasia and highlights the needs for additional research at all levels of duck production. The purpose of this review is to provide guidelines to raise and house ducks for research as specifically related to industry practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Chen
- Maple Leaf Farms, Inc., Leesburg, IN, USA
| | - D Shafer
- Maple Leaf Farms, Inc., Leesburg, IN, USA
| | - M Sifri
- Sifri Solutions, LLC, Quincy, IL, USA
| | - M Lilburn
- Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - D Karcher
- Purdue University, West Lafeyette, IN, USA
| | - P Cherry
- Consultant, Lincoln, LN2 2NH United Kingdom
| | - P Wakenell
- Purdue University, West Lafeyette, IN, USA
| | - S Fraley
- Purdue University, West Lafeyette, IN, USA
| | - M Turk
- Dux Consulting, LLC, Milford, IN, USA
| | - G S Fraley
- Purdue University, West Lafeyette, IN, USA.
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