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Zhang H, Ding S, Xue H, Wang S, Quan X, Zhang D, Liu X, Tang H. Injectable organic-inorganic hybrid hydrogels for bone defect repair. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2025; 13:1563546. [PMID: 40171040 PMCID: PMC11959084 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1563546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2025] [Accepted: 02/27/2025] [Indexed: 04/03/2025] Open
Abstract
Bone defects caused by trauma, tumor resection, and surgery present significant clinical challenges, often resulting in complications such as delayed union, nonunion, and even long-term functional impairment. Current treatments, including autografts and allografts, are limited by donor site morbidity, immune rejection, and pathogen transmission, highlighting the need for developing reliable synthetic alternatives. To address these challenges, we report a binary composite hydrogel combining gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) and κ-Carrageenan, reinforced with calcium phosphate cements (CPC). GelMA ensures rapid gelation and biocompatibility, κ-carrageenan improves injectability, and CPC enhances mechanical strength and osteogenic activity, collectively creating a robust and versatile hydrogel system. Furthermore, the hydrogel's injectable, adaptive, and self-healing characteristics enable it to conform to irregular bone defect sites, providing mechanical support and osteogenic stimulation. It also releases bioactive components to accelerate bone regeneration. With exceptional toughness and resilience, this hydrogel recovers its shape after deformation, positioning it as a promising candidate for clinical bone defect repair applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- School of Second Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Trauma Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuo Ding
- Department of Emergency, Fengxian People’s Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huai Xue
- School of Second Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Trauma Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuguang Wang
- Department of Trauma Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Quan
- Department of Trauma Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Trauma Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hai Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Lu W, Xia X, Ma Y, He H, Kikkawa DO, Zhang L, Zhang B, Liu X. Cu/Gd co-doped hydroxyapatite/poly lactic-co-glycolic acid composites enhance MRI imaging and bone defect regeneration. J Biomater Appl 2025; 39:632-647. [PMID: 39244656 DOI: 10.1177/08853282241276064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Background: The hydroxyapatite (HA)/poly(lactide-co-glycolide) acid (PLGA) composite material is a widely used orthopedic implant due to its excellent biocompatibility and plasticity. Recent advancements in cation doping have expanded its potential biological applications. However, conventional HA/PLGA composites are not visible under X-rays post-implantation and have limited osteogenic induction capabilities. Copper (Cu) is known to regulate osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, while gadolinium (Gd) can significantly enhance the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) capabilities of materials. Methods: This study aimed to investigate whether incorporating Cu and Gd into an HA/PLGA composite could enhance the osteogenic properties, in vivo bone defect repair, and MRI characteristics. We prepared a Cu/Gd@HA/PLGA composite and assessed its performance. Results: Material characterization confirmed that Cu/Gd@HA retained the morphology and crystal structure of HA. The Cu/Gd@HA/PLGA composite exhibited excellent nuclear magnetic imaging capabilities, porosity, and hydrophilicity, which are conducive to cell adhesion and implant detection. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the Cu/Gd@HA/PLGA composite enhanced the proliferation, differentiation, and adhesion of MC3T3-E1 cells, and upregulated COL-1 and BMP-2 expression at both gene and protein levels. In vivo studies showed that the Cu/Gd@HA/PLGA composite maintained strong T1-weighted MRI signals and significantly improved the bone defect healing rate in rats. Conclusion: These findings indicate that the Cu/Gd@HA/PLGA composites significantly enhance T1-weighted MRI capabilities, promote osteoblast proliferation and differentiation in vitro, and accelerate bone defect healing in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lu
- Department of orthopedics, Digital orthopedic laboratory, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Xin Xia
- Department of orthopedics, Digital orthopedic laboratory, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Yihang Ma
- Department of Spine Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongtao He
- Department of orthopedics, Digital orthopedic laboratory, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, P. R. China
| | | | - Lu Zhang
- Department of orthopedics, Digital orthopedic laboratory, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiangji Liu
- Department of orthopedics, Digital orthopedic laboratory, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, P. R. China
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Zhao R, Meng X, Pan Z, Li Y, Qian H, Zhu X, Yang X, Zhang X. Advancements in nanohydroxyapatite: synthesis, biomedical applications and composite developments. Regen Biomater 2024; 12:rbae129. [PMID: 39776858 PMCID: PMC11703556 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbae129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2024] [Revised: 10/15/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) is distinguished by its exceptional biocompatibility, bioactivity and biodegradability, qualities attributed to its similarity to the mineral component of human bone. This review discusses the synthesis techniques of nHA, highlighting how these methods shape its physicochemical attributes and, in turn, its utility in biomedical applications. The versatility of nHA is further enhanced by doping with biologically significant ions like magnesium or zinc, which can improve its bioactivity and confer therapeutic properties. Notably, nHA-based composites, incorporating metal, polymeric and bioceramic scaffolds, exhibit enhanced osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity. In orthopedic field, nHA and its composites serve effectively as bone graft substitutes, showing exceptional osteointegration and vascularization capabilities. In dentistry, these materials contribute to enamel remineralization, mitigate tooth sensitivity and are employed in surface modification of dental implants. For cancer therapy, nHA composites offer a promising strategy to inhibit tumor growth while sparing healthy tissues. Furthermore, nHA-based composites are emerging as sophisticated platforms with high surface ratio for the delivery of drugs and bioactive substances, gradually releasing therapeutic agents for progressive treatment benefits. Overall, this review delineates the synthesis, modifications and applications of nHA in various biomedical fields, shed light on the future advancements in biomaterials research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- School of Medicine, Department of Inspection, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiang Meng
- School of Medicine, Department of Inspection, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zixian Pan
- School of Medicine, Department of Inspection, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yongjia Li
- School of Medicine, Department of Inspection, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hui Qian
- School of Medicine, Department of Inspection, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiangdong Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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Gao LT, Chen YM, Aziz Y, Wei W, Zhao XY, He Y, Li J, Li H, Miyatake H, Ito Y. Tough, self-healing and injectable dynamic nanocomposite hydrogel based on gelatin and sodium alginate. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 330:121812. [PMID: 38368083 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Biomacromolecules based injectable and self-healing hydrogels possessing high mechanical properties have widespread potential in biomedical field. However, dynamic features are usually inversely proportional to toughness. It is challenging to simultaneously endow these properties to the dynamic hydrogels. Here, we fabricated an injectable nanocomposite hydrogel (CS-NPs@OSA-l-Gtn) stimultaneously possessing excellent autonomous self-healing performance and high mechanical strength by doping chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs) into dynamic polymer networks of oxidized sodium alginate (OSA) and gelatin (Gtn) in the presence of borax. The synergistic effect of the multiple reversible interactions combining dynamic covalent bonds (i.e., imine bond and borate ester bond) and noncovalent interactions (i.e., electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bond) provide effective energy dissipation to endure high fatigue resistance and cyclic loading. The dynamic hydrogel exhibited excellent mechanical properties like maximum 2.43 MPa compressive strength, 493.91 % fracture strain, and 89.54 kJ/m3 toughness. Moreover, the integrated hydrogel after injection and self-healing could withstand 150 successive compressive cycles. Besides, the bovine serum albumin embedded in CS-NPs could be sustainably released from the nanocomposite hydrogel for 12 days. This study proposes a novel strategy to synthesize an injectable and self-healing hydrogel combined with excellent mechanical properties for designing high-strength natural carriers with sustained protein delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ting Gao
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Yong Mei Chen
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China.
| | - Yasir Aziz
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Wei Wei
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Xin Yi Zhao
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Yuan He
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Jianhui Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, China.
| | - Haopeng Li
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an. Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Hideyuki Miyatake
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Emergent Bioengineering Materials Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ito
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Emergent Bioengineering Materials Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan
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Dos Apostolos RCR, Andrada ADS, Oliveira AF, Neto ESF, de Sousa EMB. pH-Sensitive Hybrid System Based on Eu 3+/Gd 3+ Co-Doped Hydroxyapatite and Mesoporous Silica Designed for Theranostic Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2681. [PMID: 37376326 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials such as pH-responsive polymers are promising for targeted drug delivery systems, due to the difference in pH between tumor and healthy regions. However, there is a significant concern about the application of these materials in this field due to their low mechanical resistance, which can be attenuated by combining these polymers with mechanically resistant inorganic materials such as mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) and hydroxyapatite (HA). Mesoporous silica has interesting properties such as high surface area and hydroxyapatite has been widely studied to aid in bone regeneration, providing special properties adding multifunctionality to the system. Furthermore, fields of medicine involving luminescent elements such as rare earth elements are an interesting option in cancer treatment. The present work aims to obtain a pH-sensitive hybrid system based on silica and hydroxyapatite with photoluminescent and magnetic properties. The nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nitrogen adsorption methods, CHN elemental analysis, Zeta Potential, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrational sample magnetometry (VSM), and photoluminescence analysis. Incorporation and release studies of the antitumor drug doxorubicin were performed to evaluate the potential use of these systems in targeted drug delivery. The results showed the luminescent and magnetic properties of the materials and showed suitable characteristics for application in the release of pH-sensitive drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreza de Sousa Andrada
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Materiais Compósitos e Poliméricos (LIMCOP), Instituto de Engenharias Integradas (IEI) da Universidade Federal de Itajubá, Federal University of Itajubá-UNIFEI, Rua Irmã Ivone Drumond, 200-Campus Itabira, Itabira 35903-087, MG, Brazil
| | - André Felipe Oliveira
- Development Center of Nuclear Technology-CDTN, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6.627-Campus UFMG, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Ernesto Soares Freitas Neto
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Materiais Compósitos e Poliméricos (LIMCOP), Instituto de Engenharias Integradas (IEI) da Universidade Federal de Itajubá, Federal University of Itajubá-UNIFEI, Rua Irmã Ivone Drumond, 200-Campus Itabira, Itabira 35903-087, MG, Brazil
| | - Edésia Martins Barros de Sousa
- Development Center of Nuclear Technology-CDTN, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6.627-Campus UFMG, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
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Fan T, Qin J, Meng X, Li J, Liu Q, Wang G. Biodegradable membrane of poly(l-lactide acid-dioxanone-glycolide) and stereocomplex poly(lactide) with enhanced crystallization and biocompatibility. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1021218. [PMID: 36246351 PMCID: PMC9561826 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1021218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The membranes of poly(l-lactide acid-p-dioxanone-glycolide) (PLPG) with stereocomplex poly(lactic acid) (sc-PLA) were prepared by the solution blending way. It was observed that sc-PLA significantly heightened the crystallizing behavior of PLLA segments of the PLPG matrix. The crystallizing behavior displayed that the temperature of crystallization shifted to a higher range than that of PLPG. Moreover, the half-time of crystallization sharply decreased in value as the sc-PLA content increased in value on account of the pre-eminent nucleation ability of sc-PLA. TGA results revealed the thermal stability of the samples with the increase of sc-PLA compared to PLPG. Meanwhile, enzymatic degradation results indicated that the mass loss rate of the membrane decreased with the introduction of sc-PLA, but the overall degradation ability was still greater than that of PLLA. In the meantime, the biological experiment indicated that the membrane possessed low cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantang Fan
- College of Medical Engineering & the Key Laboratory for Medical Functional Nanomaterials, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Jingwen Qin
- The Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Meng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiafeng Li
- China Coal Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Liu
- The Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Liu, ; Guannan Wang,
| | - Guannan Wang
- College of Medical Engineering & the Key Laboratory for Medical Functional Nanomaterials, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Liu, ; Guannan Wang,
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Thangudu S, Huang EY, Su CH. Safe magnetic resonance imaging on biocompatible nanoformulations. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:5032-5053. [PMID: 35858468 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00692h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) holds promise for the early clinical diagnosis of various diseases, but most clinical MR techniques require the use of a contrast medium. Several nanomaterial (NM) mediated contrast agents (CAs) are widely used as T1- and T2-based MR contrast agents for clinical and non-clinical applications. Unfortunately, most NM-based CAs are toxic or non-biocompatible, restricting their practical/clinical applications. Therefore, the development of nontoxic and biocompatible CAs for clinical MRI diagnosis is highly desired. To this end, several biocompatible and biomimetic strategies have been developed to offer long blood circulation time, significant biocompatibility, in vivo biodistribution and high contrast ability for efficient imaging. However, detailed review reports on biocompatible NMs, specifically for MR imaging have not yet been summarized. Thus, in the present review we summarize various surface coating strategies (such as polymers, proteins, cell membranes, etc.) to achieve biocompatible NPs, providing a detailed discussion of advances and future prospects for safe MRI imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Thangudu
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
| | - Eng-Yen Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hao Su
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan. .,Center for General Education, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.,Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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