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Tang B, Li J, Li T, Xie Y, Guan W, Zhao Y, Yang S, Liu M, Xu D. Vaccines as a Strategy to Control Trichinellosis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:857786. [PMID: 35401479 PMCID: PMC8984473 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.857786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichinellosis caused by Trichinella spiralis is a worldwide food-borne parasitic zoonosis. Several approaches have been performed to control T. spiralis infection, including veterinary vaccines, which contribute to improving animal health and increasing public health by preventing the transmission of trichinellosis from animals to humans. In the past several decades, many vaccine studies have been performed in effort to control T. spiralis infection by reducing the muscle larvae and adult worms burden. Various candidate antigens, selected from excretory-secretory (ES) products and different functional proteins involved in the process of establishing infection have been investigated in rodent or swine models to explore their protective effect against T. spiralis infection. Moreover, different types of vaccines have been developed to improve the protective effect against T. spiralis infection in rodent or swine models, such as live attenuated vaccines, natural antigen vaccines, recombinant protein vaccines, DNA vaccines, and synthesized epitope vaccines. However, few studies of T. spiralis vaccines have been performed in pigs, and future research should focus on exploring the protective effect of different types of vaccines in swine models. Here, we present an overview of the strategies for the development of effective T. spiralis vaccines and summarize the factors of influencing the effectiveness of vaccines. We also discuss several propositions in improving the effectiveness of vaccines and may provide a route map for future T. spiralis vaccines development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Human Parasitology, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yiting Xie
- Department of Human Parasitology, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Wei Guan
- Department of Human Parasitology, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yanqing Zhao
- Department of Human Parasitology, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Shuguo Yang
- Department of Human Parasitology, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Mingyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Mingyuan Liu,
| | - Daoxiu Xu
- Department of Human Parasitology, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Daoxiu Xu,
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