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Yin X, Yan Y, Li J, Cao Z, Shen S, Chang Q, Zhao Y, Wang X, Wang P. Nuclear receptors for epidermal lipid barrier: Advances in mechanisms and applications. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e15107. [PMID: 38840418 DOI: 10.1111/exd.15107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The skin plays an essential role in preventing the entry of external environmental threats and the loss of internal substances, depending on the epidermal permeability barrier. Nuclear receptors (NRs), present in various tissues and organs including full-thickness skin, have been demonstrated to exert significant effects on the epidermal lipid barrier. Formation of the lipid lamellar membrane and the normal proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes (KCs) are crucial for the development of the epidermal permeability barrier and is regulated by specific NRs such as PPAR, LXR, VDR, RAR/RXR, AHR, PXR and FXR. These receptors play a key role in regulating KC differentiation and the entire process of epidermal lipid synthesis, processing and secretion. Lipids derived from sebaceous glands are influenced by NRs as well and participate in regulation of the epidermal lipid barrier. Furthermore, intricate interplay exists between these receptors. Disturbance of barrier function leads to a range of diseases, including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and acne. Targeting these NRs with agonists or antagonists modulate pathways involved in lipid synthesis and cell differentiation, suggesting potential therapeutic approaches for dermatosis associated with barrier damage. This review focuses on the regulatory role of NRs in the maintenance and processing of the epidermal lipid barrier through their effects on skin lipid synthesis and KC differentiation, providing novel insights for drug targets to facilitate precision medicine strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xidie Yin
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiandan Li
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Cao
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuzhan Shen
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qihang Chang
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiting Zhao
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiru Wang
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Abdulnour-Nakhoul SM, Kolls JK, Flemington EK, Ungerleider NA, Nakhoul HN, Song K, Nakhoul NL. Alterations in gene expression and microbiome composition upon calcium-sensing receptor deletion in the mouse esophagus. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 326:G438-G459. [PMID: 38193195 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00066.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), a G protein-coupled receptor, regulates Ca2+ concentration in plasma by regulating parathyroid hormone secretion. In other tissues, it is reported to play roles in cellular differentiation and migration and in secretion and absorption. We reported previously that CaSR can be conditionally deleted in the mouse esophagus. This conditional knockout (KO) (EsoCaSR-/-) model showed a significant reduction in the levels of adherens and tight junction proteins and had a marked buildup of bacteria on the luminal esophageal surface. To further examine the role of CaSR, we used RNA sequencing to determine gene expression profiles in esophageal epithelia of control and EsoCaSR-/-mice RNA Seq data indicated upregulation of gene sets involved in DNA replication and cell cycle in EsoCaSR-/-. This is accompanied by the downregulation of gene sets involved in the innate immune response and protein homeostasis including peptide elongation and protein trafficking. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) demonstrated that these genes are mapped to important biological networks including calcium and Ras homologus A (RhoA) signaling pathways. To further explore the bacterial buildup in EsoCaSR-/- esophageal tissue, 16S sequencing of the mucosal-associated bacterial microbiome was performed. Three bacterial species, g_Rodentibacter, s_Rodentibacter_unclassified, and s_Lactobacillus_hilgardi were significantly increased in EsoCaSR-/-. Furthermore, metagenomic analysis of 16S sequences indicated that pathways related to oxidative phosphorylation and metabolism were downregulated in EsoCaSR-/- tissues. These data demonstrate that CaSR impacts major pathways of cell proliferation, differentiation, cell cycle, and innate immune response in esophageal epithelium. The disruption of these pathways causes inflammation and significant modifications of the microbiome.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) plays a significant role in maintaining the barrier function of esophageal epithelium. Using RNA sequencing, we show that conditional deletion of CaSR from mouse esophagus causes upregulation of genes involved in DNA replication and cell cycle and downregulation of genes involved in the innate immune response, protein translation, and cellular protein synthesis. Pathway analysis shows disruption of signaling pathways of calcium and actin cytoskeleton. These changes caused inflammation and esophageal dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solange M Abdulnour-Nakhoul
- Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
| | - Jay K Kolls
- Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
- Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
| | - Erik K Flemington
- Department of Pathology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
| | - Nathan A Ungerleider
- Department of Pathology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
| | - Hani N Nakhoul
- Department of Pathology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
| | - Kejing Song
- Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
- Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
| | - Nazih L Nakhoul
- Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
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Liu J, Xiao Y, Cao L, Lu S, Zhang S, Yang R, Wang Y, Zhang N, Yu Y, Wang X, Guo W, Wang Z, Xu H, Xing C, Song X, Cao L. Insights on E1-like enzyme ATG7: functional regulation and relationships with aging-related diseases. Commun Biol 2024; 7:382. [PMID: 38553562 PMCID: PMC10980737 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06080-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a dynamic self-renovation biological process that maintains cell homeostasis and is responsible for the quality control of proteins, organelles, and energy metabolism. The E1-like ubiquitin-activating enzyme autophagy-related gene 7 (ATG7) is a critical factor that initiates classic autophagy reactions by promoting the formation and extension of autophagosome membranes. Recent studies have identified the key functions of ATG7 in regulating the cell cycle, apoptosis, and metabolism associated with the occurrence and development of multiple diseases. This review summarizes how ATG7 is precisely programmed by genetic, transcriptional, and epigenetic modifications in cells and the relationship between ATG7 and aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Liu
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yutong Xiao
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Liangzi Cao
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Songming Lu
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Siyi Zhang
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ruohan Yang
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yubang Wang
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Naijin Zhang
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yang Yu
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiwen Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wendong Guo
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hongde Xu
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Chengzhong Xing
- Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Song
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Liu Cao
- The College of Basic Medical Science, Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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4
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Hutchison V, Lynch A, Gutierrez-Gamez AM, Chen J. Inducible tricolor reporter mouse for parallel imaging of lysosomes, mitochondria, and microtubules. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202305086. [PMID: 37917008 PMCID: PMC10621751 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202305086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell type-specific use of the same DNA blueprint generates diverse cell types. Such diversity must also be executed via differential deployment of the same subcellular machinery. However, our understanding of the size, distribution, and dynamics of subcellular machinery in native tissues and their connection to cellular diversity remains limited. We generate and characterize an inducible tricolor reporter mouse, dubbed "Kaleidoscope," for simultaneous imaging of lysosomes, mitochondria, and microtubules in any cell type and at a single-cell resolution. The expected subcellular compartments are labeled in culture and in tissues with no impact on cellular and organismal viability. Quantitative and live imaging of the tricolor reporter captures cell type-specific organelle features and kinetics in the lung, as well as their changes after Sendai virus infection. Yap/Taz mutant lung epithelial cells undergo accelerated lamellar body maturation, a subcellular manifestation of their molecular defects. A comprehensive toolbox of reporters for all subcellular structures is expected to transform our understanding of cell biology in tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Hutchison
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anne Lynch
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Jichao Chen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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5
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Kakkar V, Saini K, Singh KK. Challenges of current treatment and exploring the future prospects of nanoformulations for treatment of atopic dermatitis. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:1066-1095. [PMID: 37668937 PMCID: PMC10539427 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00510-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a predominant and deteriorating chronic inflammation of the skin, categorized by a burning sensation and eczematous lesions in diverse portions of the body. The treatment of AD is exclusively focused to limit the itching, reduce inflammation, and repair the breached barrier of the skin. Several therapeutic agents for the treatment and management of AD have been reported and are in use in clinics. However, the topical treatment of AD has been an unswerving challenge for the medical fraternity owing to the impaired skin barrier function in this chronic skin condition. To surmount the problems of conventional drug delivery systems, numerous nanotechnology-based formulations are emerging as alternative new modalities for AD. Latter enhances the bioavailability and delivery to the target disease site, improves drug permeation and therapeutic efficacy with reduced systemic and off-target side effects, and thus improves patient health and promotes compliance. This review aims to describe the various pathophysiological events involved in the occurrence of AD, current challenges in treatment, evidence of molecular markers of AD and its management, combinatorial treatment options, and the intervention of nanotechnology-based formulations for AD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandita Kakkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
| | - Komal Saini
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, Lancashire, UK
| | - Kamalinder K Singh
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, Lancashire, UK.
- UCLan Research Centre for Smart Materials, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, Lancashire, UK.
- UCLan Research Centre for Translational Biosciences and Behaviour, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, Lancashire, UK.
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6
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Hegazy M, Green KJ. Retromer Chaperones: Potential Therapeutics for Treatment of Skin Disease? J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:1634-1637. [PMID: 37318403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marihan Hegazy
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kathleen J Green
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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7
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Sarmento MJ, Llorente A, Petan T, Khnykin D, Popa I, Nikolac Perkovic M, Konjevod M, Jaganjac M. The expanding organelle lipidomes: current knowledge and challenges. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:237. [PMID: 37530856 PMCID: PMC10397142 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04889-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Lipids in cell membranes and subcellular compartments play essential roles in numerous cellular processes, such as energy production, cell signaling and inflammation. A specific organelle lipidome is characterized by lipid synthesis and metabolism, intracellular trafficking, and lipid homeostasis in the organelle. Over the years, considerable effort has been directed to the identification of the lipid fingerprints of cellular organelles. However, these fingerprints are not fully characterized due to the large variety and structural complexity of lipids and the great variability in the abundance of different lipid species. The process becomes even more challenging when considering that the lipidome differs in health and disease contexts. This review summarizes the information available on the lipid composition of mammalian cell organelles, particularly the lipidome of the nucleus, mitochondrion, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, plasma membrane and organelles in the endocytic pathway. The lipid compositions of extracellular vesicles and lamellar bodies are also described. In addition, several examples of subcellular lipidome dynamics under physiological and pathological conditions are presented. Finally, challenges in mapping organelle lipidomes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Sarmento
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alicia Llorente
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0379, Oslo, Norway
- Department for Mechanical, Electronics and Chemical Engineering, Oslo Metropolitan University, 0167, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, University of Oslo, Montebello, 0379, Oslo, Norway
| | - Toni Petan
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Denis Khnykin
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Iuliana Popa
- Pharmacy Department, Bâtiment Henri Moissan, University Paris-Saclay, 17 Avenue des Sciences, 91400, Orsay, France
| | | | - Marcela Konjevod
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Morana Jaganjac
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Ishida-Yamamoto A, Yamanishi H, Igawa S, Kishibe M, Kusumi S, Watanabe T, Koga D. Secretion Bias of Lamellar Granules Revealed by Three-Dimensional Electron Microscopy. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:1310-1312.e3. [PMID: 37059354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.03.1674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Satomi Igawa
- Department of Dermatology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Mari Kishibe
- Department of Dermatology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kusumi
- Division of Morphological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Watanabe
- Department of Microscopic Anatomy and Cell Biology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koga
- Department of Microscopic Anatomy and Cell Biology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
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Hutchison V, Lynch A, Gamez AMG, Chen J. An inducible tricolor reporter mouse for simultaneous imaging of lysosomes, mitochondria and microtubules. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.22.541817. [PMID: 37293075 PMCID: PMC10245888 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.22.541817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cell-type-specific use of the same DNA blueprint generates diverse cell types. Such diversity must also be executed via differential deployment of the same subcellular machinery. However, our understanding of the size, distribution, and dynamics of subcellular machinery in native tissues, and their connection to cellular diversity, remain limited. We generate and characterize an inducible tricolor reporter mouse, dubbed "kaleidoscope", for simultaneous imaging of lysosomes, mitochondria and microtubules in any cell type and at a single cell resolution. The expected subcellular compartments are labeled in culture and in tissues with no impact on cellular and organismal viability. Quantitative and live imaging of the tricolor reporter captures cell-type-specific organelle features and kinetics in the lung, as well as their changes after Sendai virus infection. Yap/Taz mutant lung epithelial cells undergo accelerated lamellar body maturation, a subcellular manifestation of their molecular defects. A comprehensive toolbox of reporters for all subcellular structures is expected to transform our understanding of cell biology in tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Hutchison
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Graduate Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Anne Lynch
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Graduate Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | | | - Jichao Chen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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10
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Smythe P, Wilkinson HN. The Skin Microbiome: Current Landscape and Future Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043950. [PMID: 36835363 PMCID: PMC9963692 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Our skin is the largest organ of the body, serving as an important barrier against the harsh extrinsic environment. Alongside preventing desiccation, chemical damage and hypothermia, this barrier protects the body from invading pathogens through a sophisticated innate immune response and co-adapted consortium of commensal microorganisms, collectively termed the microbiota. These microorganisms inhabit distinct biogeographical regions dictated by skin physiology. Thus, it follows that perturbations to normal skin homeostasis, as occurs with ageing, diabetes and skin disease, can cause microbial dysbiosis and increase infection risk. In this review, we discuss emerging concepts in skin microbiome research, highlighting pertinent links between skin ageing, the microbiome and cutaneous repair. Moreover, we address gaps in current knowledge and highlight key areas requiring further exploration. Future advances in this field could revolutionise the way we treat microbial dysbiosis associated with skin ageing and other pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paisleigh Smythe
- Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
- Skin Research Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Holly N. Wilkinson
- Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
- Skin Research Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
- Correspondence:
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11
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Prado-Mantilla A, Lechler T. Polarity in skin development and cancer. Curr Top Dev Biol 2023; 154:317-336. [PMID: 37100522 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
The epidermis is a stratified squamous epithelium that forms the outermost layer of the skin. Its primary function is to act as a barrier, keeping pathogens and toxins out and moisture in. This physiological role has necessitated major differences in the organization and polarity of the tissue as compared to simple epithelia. We discuss four aspects of polarity in the epidermis - the distinctive polarities of basal progenitor cells as well as differentiated granular cells, the polarity of adhesions and the cytoskeleton across the tissue as keratinocytes differentiate, and the planar cell polarity of the tissue. These distinctive polarities are essential for the morphogenesis and the function of the epidermis and have also been implicated in regulating tumor formation.
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12
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Skin immunity: dissecting the complex biology of our body's outer barrier. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:551-561. [PMID: 35361906 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-022-00505-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Our skin contributes critically to health via its role as a barrier tissue, carefully regulating passage of key substrates while also providing defense against exogenous threats. Immunological processes are integral to almost every skin function and paramount to our ability to live symbiotically with skin commensal microbes and other environmental stimuli. While many parallels can be drawn to immunobiology at other mucosal sites, skin immunity demonstrates unique features that relate to its distinct topography, chemical composition and microbial ecology. Here we provide an overview of skin as an immune organ, with reference to the broader context of mucosal immunology. We review paradigms of innate as well as adaptive immune function and highlight how skin-specific structures such as hair follicles and sebaceous glands interact and contribute to these processes. Finally, we highlight for the mucosal immunology community a few emerging areas of interest for the skin immunity field moving forward.
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