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Marima R, Basera A, Miya T, Damane BP, Kandhavelu J, Mirza S, Penny C, Dlamini Z. Exosomal long non-coding RNAs in cancer: Interplay, modulation, and therapeutic avenues. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:887-900. [PMID: 38616862 PMCID: PMC11015109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In the intricate field of cancer biology, researchers are increasingly intrigued by the emerging role of exosomal long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) due to their multifaceted interactions, complex modulation mechanisms, and potential therapeutic applications. These exosomal lncRNAs, carried within extracellular vesicles, play a vital partin tumorigenesis and disease progression by facilitating communication networks between tumor cells and their local microenvironment, making them an ideal candidates for use in a liquid biopsy approach. However, exosomal lncRNAs remain an understudied area, especially in cancer biology. Therefore this review aims to comprehensively explore the dynamic interplay between exosomal lncRNAs and various cellular components, including interactions with tumor-stroma, immune modulation, and drug resistance mechanisms. Understanding the regulatory functions of exosomal lncRNAs in these processes can potentially unveil novel diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for cancer. Additionally, the emergence of RNA-based therapeutics presents exciting opportunities for targeting exosomal lncRNAs, offering innovative strategies to combat cancer progression and improve treatment outcomes. Thus, this review provides insights into the current understanding of exosomal lncRNAs in cancer biology, highlighting their crucial roles, regulatory mechanisms, and the evolving landscape of therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, we have also discussed the advantage of exosomes as therapeutic carriers of lncRNAs for the development of personalized targeted therapy for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahaba Marima
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChi Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Afra Basera
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChi Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Thabiso Miya
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChi Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Botle Precious Damane
- Department of Surgery, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - Jeyalakshmi Kandhavelu
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sheefa Mirza
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Clement Penny
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Zodwa Dlamini
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChi Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, South Africa
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Li Y, Li F, Sun Z, Li J. A review of literature: role of long noncoding RNA TPT1-AS1 in human diseases. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2023; 25:306-315. [PMID: 36112261 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02947-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Human diseases are multifactorial processes mainly driven by the intricate interactions of genetic and environmental factors. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent a type of non-coding RNAs with more than 200 nucleotides. Multiple studies have demonstrated that the dysregulation of lncRNAs is associated with complex biological as well as pathological processes through various mechanism, especially the regulation of gene transcription and related signal transduction pathways. Moreover, an increasing number of studies have explored lncRNA-based clinical applications in different diseases. For instance, the lncRNA Tumor Protein Translationally Controlled 1 (TPT1) Antisense RNA 1 (TPT1-AS1) was found to be dysregulated in several types of disease and strongly associated with patient prognosis and diverse clinical features. Recent studies have also documented that TPT1-AS1 modulates numerous biological processes through multiple mechanisms, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, invasion, migration, radiosensitivity, chemosensitivity, stemness, and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis. Furthermore, TPT1-AS1 was regarded as a promising biomarker for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of several human diseases. In this review, we summarize the role of TPT1-AS1 in human diseases with the aspects of its expression, relevant clinical characteristics, molecular mechanisms, biological functions, and subsequent clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshedong Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Fulei Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshedong Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zongzong Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshedong Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Roshani M, Baniebrahimi G, Mousavi M, Zare N, Sadeghi R, Salarinia R, Sheida A, Molavizadeh D, Sadeghi S, Moammer F, Zolfaghari MR, Mirzaei H. Exosomal long non-coding RNAs: novel molecules in gastrointestinal cancers' progression and diagnosis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1014949. [PMID: 36591473 PMCID: PMC9795196 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1014949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers arise in the GI tract and accessory organs, including the mouth, esophagus, stomach, liver, biliary tract, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, and rectum. GI cancers are a major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Exosomes act as mediators of cell-to-cell communication, with pleiotropic activity in the regulation of homeostasis, and can be markers for diseases. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), can be transported by exosomes derived from tumor cells or non-tumor cells. They can be taken by recipient cells to alter their function or remodel the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, due to their uniquely low immunogenicity and excellent stability, exosomes can be used as natural carriers for therapeutic ncRNAs in vivo. Exosomal lncRNAs have a crucial role in regulating several cancer processes, including angiogenesis, proliferation, drug resistance, metastasis, and immunomodulation. Exosomal lncRNA levels frequently alter according to the onset and progression of cancer. Exosomal lncRNAs can therefore be employed as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. Exosomal lncRNAs can also monitor the patient's response to chemotherapy while also serving as potential targets for cancer treatment. Here, we discuss the role of exosomal lncRNAs in the biology and possible future treatment of GI cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Roshani
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Baniebrahimi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Mousavi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Noushid Zare
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Sadeghi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Salarinia
- Department of Advanced Technologies, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sheida
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran,Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Danial Molavizadeh
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran,Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sara Sadeghi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran,Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Moammer
- Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran,*Correspondence: Farzaneh Moammer, ; Mohammad Reza Zolfaghari, ; Hamed Mirzaei, ;
| | - Mohammad Reza Zolfaghari
- Department of Microbiology, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran,*Correspondence: Farzaneh Moammer, ; Mohammad Reza Zolfaghari, ; Hamed Mirzaei, ;
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran,*Correspondence: Farzaneh Moammer, ; Mohammad Reza Zolfaghari, ; Hamed Mirzaei, ;
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