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Reyes M, Urra H, Peña-Oyarzún D. Evaluating the link between periodontitis and oral squamous cell carcinoma through Wnt/β-catenin pathway: a critical review. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2025; 6:1575721. [PMID: 40421179 PMCID: PMC12104182 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2025.1575721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2025] [Accepted: 04/28/2025] [Indexed: 05/28/2025] Open
Abstract
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC), the main form of oral cancer, is a major health problem globally that affects 400,000 people every year. It has been postulated that periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by alveolar bone resorption, is an independent risk factor for OSCC. However, the mechanisms underlying this link are not fully elucidated. It has been demonstrated that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is key to the transformation of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) towards OSCC (i.e., leukoplakia), particularly in OPMD histologically diagnosed as oral dysplasia. Using a GEO database of oral carcinogenesis (GSE85195), the transcriptional modification of 19 Wnt ligands and 4 key regulatory proteins of β-catenin, including E-cadherin, APC, AXIN and GSK3B, during leukoplakia, and early and late stages OSCC, was determined. The transcriptional expression of these targets was also assessed in periodontitis (GEO database GSE223924). Together, it was found that Wnt ligands Wnt3, Wnt3a, Wnt5b and Wnt7b are concomitantly upregulated in periodontitis and oral carcinogenesis. With these results, and the information retrieved from the literature, this review discusses the potential role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway as a molecular mechanism that could interlink periodontitis and OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Reyes
- Pathology and Oral Medicine Department, Faculty of Odontology, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hery Urra
- School of Odontology, Faculty of Odontology, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Peña-Oyarzún
- School of Odontology, Faculty of Odontology, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
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Gostomczyk K, Drozd M, Marsool Marsool MD, Pandey A, Tugas K, Chacon J, Tayyab H, Ullah A, Borowczak J, Szylberg Ł. Biomarkers for the detection of circulating tumor cells. Exp Cell Res 2025; 448:114555. [PMID: 40228709 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2025.114555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2025] [Accepted: 04/09/2025] [Indexed: 04/16/2025]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have emerged as a key biomarker in cancer detection and prognosis, and their molecular profiling is gaining importance in precision oncology. Liquid biopsies, which allow the extraction of CTCs, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) or cell-free DNA (cfDNA), have measurable advantages over traditional tissue biopsies, especially when molecular material is difficult to obtain. However, this method is not without limitations. Difficulties in differentiating between primary and metastatic lesions, uncertain predictive values and the complexity of the biomarkers used can prove challenging. Recently, high cell heterogeneity has been identified as the main obstacle to achieving high diagnostic accuracy. Because not all cells undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) at the same time, there is a large population of hybrid CTCs that express both epithelial and mesenchymal markers. Since traditional diagnostic tools primarily detect epithelial markers, they are often unable to detect cells with a hybrid phenotype; therefore, additional markers may be required to avoid false negatives. In this review, we summarize recent reports on emerging CTCs markers, with particular emphasis on their use in cancer diagnosis. Most of them, including vimentin, TWIST1, SNAI1, ZEB1, cadherins, CD44, TGM2, PD-L1 and GATA, hold promise for the detection of CTCs, but are also implicated in cancer progression, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Therefore, understanding the nature and drivers of epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) is critical to advancing our knowledge in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Gostomczyk
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Oncology, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland; Department of Tumor Pathology and Pathomorphology, Oncology Center - Prof. Franciszek Łukaszczyk Memorial Hospital, Bydgoszcz, Poland; Department of Pathology, Dr Jan Biziel Memorial University Hospital, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Drozd
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Oncology, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland; Department of Pathology, Dr Jan Biziel Memorial University Hospital, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | | | - Anju Pandey
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | | | - Jose Chacon
- American University of Integrative Sciences, Saint Martin, Cole Bay, Barbados
| | | | - Ashraf Ullah
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jędrzej Borowczak
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Oncology Center - Prof. Franciszek Łukaszczyk Memorial Hospital, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Łukasz Szylberg
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Oncology, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland; Department of Tumor Pathology and Pathomorphology, Oncology Center - Prof. Franciszek Łukaszczyk Memorial Hospital, Bydgoszcz, Poland; Department of Pathology, Dr Jan Biziel Memorial University Hospital, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Alavinejad M, Shirzad M, Javid-Naderi MJ, Rahdar A, Fathi-Karkan S, Pandey S. Smart nanomedicines powered by artificial intelligence: a breakthrough in lung cancer diagnosis and treatment. Med Oncol 2025; 42:134. [PMID: 40131617 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-025-02680-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2025] [Accepted: 03/11/2025] [Indexed: 03/27/2025]
Abstract
Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide, primarily due to challenges in early detection, suboptimal therapeutic efficacy, and severe adverse effects associated with conventional treatments. The convergence of nanotechnology and artificial intelligence (AI) offers transformative potential in precision oncology, enabling innovative solutions for lung cancer diagnosis and therapy. Intelligent nanomedicines facilitate targeted drug delivery, enhanced imaging, and theranostic applications, while AI-driven models harness big biomedical data to optimize nanomedicine design, functionality, and clinical application. This review explores the synergistic integration of AI and nanotechnology in lung cancer care, highlighting recent advancements, key challenges, and future directions for clinical translation. Ethical considerations, including data standardization and privacy concerns, are also addressed, providing a comprehensive roadmap to overcome current barriers and advance the adoption of AI-driven intelligent nanomedicines in precision oncology. This synthesis underscores the critical role of emerging technologies in revolutionizing lung cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moloudosadat Alavinejad
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maryam Shirzad
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Javid-Naderi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
| | - Sonia Fathi-Karkan
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, 94531-55166, Iran.
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Science, Bojnurd, Iran.
| | - Sadanand Pandey
- School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India.
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea.
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Troyanovsky RB, Indra I, Troyanovsky SM. Actin-dependent α-catenin oligomerization contributes to adherens junction assembly. Nat Commun 2025; 16:1801. [PMID: 39979305 PMCID: PMC11842732 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-57079-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2025] [Indexed: 02/22/2025] Open
Abstract
Classic cadherins, specifically E-cadherin in most epithelial cells, are transmembrane adhesion receptors, whose intracellular region interacts with proteins, termed catenins, forming the cadherin-catenin complex (CCC). The cadherin ectodomain generates 2D adhesive clusters (E-clusters) through cooperative trans and cis interactions, while catenins anchor the E-clusters to the actin cytoskeleton. How these two types of interactions are coordinated in the formation of specialized cell-cell adhesions, adherens junctions (AJ), remains unclear. Here, we focus on the role of the actin-binding domain of α-catenin (αABD) by showing that the interaction of the αABD with actin generates actin-bound linear CCC oligomers (CCC/actin strands) incorporating up to six CCCs. This actin-driven CCC oligomerization, which is cadherin ectodomain independent, preferentially occurs along the actin cortex enriched with key basolateral proteins, myosin-1c, scribble, and DLG1. In cell-cell contacts, the CCC/actin strands integrate with the E-clusters giving rise to the composite oligomers, E/actin clusters. Targeted inactivation of strand formation by point mutations emphasizes the importance of this oligomerization process for blocking intercellular protrusive membrane activity and for coupling AJs with the actomyosin-derived tensional forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina B Troyanovsky
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Indrajyoti Indra
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Sergey M Troyanovsky
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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Gong R, Reynolds MJ, Sun X, Alushin GM. Afadin mediates cadherin-catenin complex clustering on F-actin linked to cooperative binding and filament curvature. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2025; 11:eadu0989. [PMID: 39951520 PMCID: PMC11827635 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adu0989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2025] [Indexed: 02/16/2025]
Abstract
The E-cadherin-β-catenin-αE-catenin (cadherin-catenin) complex couples the cytoskeletons of neighboring cells at adherens junctions (AJs) to mediate force transmission across epithelia. Mechanical force and auxiliary binding partners converge to stabilize the cadherin-catenin complex's inherently weak binding to actin filaments (F-actin) through unclear mechanisms. Here, we show that afadin's coiled-coil (CC) domain and vinculin synergistically enhance the cadherin-catenin complex's F-actin engagement. The cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of an E-cadherin-β-catenin-αE-catenin-vinculin-afadin-CC supra-complex bound to F-actin reveals that afadin-CC bridges adjacent αE-catenin actin-binding domains along the filament, stabilizing flexible αE-catenin segments implicated in mechanical regulation. These cooperative binding contacts promote the formation of supra-complex clusters along F-actin. Additionally, cryo-EM variability analysis links supra-complex binding along individual F-actin strands to nanoscale filament curvature, a deformation mode associated with cytoskeletal forces. Collectively, this work elucidates a mechanistic framework by which vinculin and afadin tune cadherin-catenin complex-cytoskeleton coupling to support AJ function across varying mechanical regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Gong
- Laboratory of Structural Biophysics and Mechanobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew J. Reynolds
- Laboratory of Structural Biophysics and Mechanobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Sun
- Laboratory of Structural Biophysics and Mechanobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gregory M. Alushin
- Laboratory of Structural Biophysics and Mechanobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
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Bruno PS, Arshad A, Gogu MR, Waterman N, Flack R, Dunn K, Darie CC, Neagu AN. Post-Translational Modifications of Proteins Orchestrate All Hallmarks of Cancer. Life (Basel) 2025; 15:126. [PMID: 39860065 PMCID: PMC11766951 DOI: 10.3390/life15010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2024] [Revised: 01/14/2025] [Accepted: 01/16/2025] [Indexed: 01/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins dynamically build the buffering and adapting interface between oncogenic mutations and environmental stressors, on the one hand, and cancer cell structure, functioning, and behavior. Aberrant PTMs can be considered as enabling characteristics of cancer as long as they orchestrate all malignant modifications and variability in the proteome of cancer cells, cancer-associated cells, and tumor microenvironment (TME). On the other hand, PTMs of proteins can enhance anticancer mechanisms in the tumoral ecosystem or sustain the beneficial effects of oncologic therapies through degradation or inactivation of carcinogenic proteins or/and activation of tumor-suppressor proteins. In this review, we summarized and analyzed a wide spectrum of PTMs of proteins involved in all regulatory mechanisms that drive tumorigenesis, genetic instability, epigenetic reprogramming, all events of the metastatic cascade, cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, angiogenesis, immune response, tumor-associated microbiome, and metabolism rewiring as the most important hallmarks of cancer. All cancer hallmarks develop due to PTMs of proteins, which modulate gene transcription, intracellular and extracellular signaling, protein size, activity, stability and localization, trafficking, secretion, intracellular protein degradation or half-life, and protein-protein interactions (PPIs). PTMs associated with cancer can be exploited to better understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of this heterogeneous and chameleonic disease, find new biomarkers of cancer progression and prognosis, personalize oncotherapies, and discover new targets for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pathea Shawnae Bruno
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA; (P.S.B.); (A.A.); (N.W.); (R.F.); (K.D.)
| | - Aneeta Arshad
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA; (P.S.B.); (A.A.); (N.W.); (R.F.); (K.D.)
| | - Maria-Raluca Gogu
- Advanced Research and Development Center for Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Natalie Waterman
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA; (P.S.B.); (A.A.); (N.W.); (R.F.); (K.D.)
| | - Rylie Flack
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA; (P.S.B.); (A.A.); (N.W.); (R.F.); (K.D.)
| | - Kimberly Dunn
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA; (P.S.B.); (A.A.); (N.W.); (R.F.); (K.D.)
| | - Costel C. Darie
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA; (P.S.B.); (A.A.); (N.W.); (R.F.); (K.D.)
| | - Anca-Narcisa Neagu
- Laboratory of Animal Histology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, Carol I bvd. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania
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Zhu X, Mao S, Yang Y, Liu X, Liu Q, Zhang N, Yang Y, Li Y, Gao M, Bao J, Li W, Li Y. Biomimetic Topological Micropattern Arrays Regulate the Heterogeneity of Cellular Fates in Lung Fibroblasts between Fibrosis and Invasion. ACS NANO 2025; 19:580-599. [PMID: 39742460 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c11113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2025]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by persistent tissue injury, dysregulated wound healing, and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition by myofibroblasts (MFs) through the fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition (FMT). Implicit in the FMT process are changes in the ECM and cellular topology, but their relationship with the lung fibroblast phenotype has not been explored. We engineered topological mimetics of alignment cues (anisotropy/isotropy) using lung decellularized ECM micropattern arrays and investigated the effects of cellular topology on cellular fates in MRC-5 lung fibroblasts. We found that isotropic MRC-5 cells presented changes of the cytoskeleton, increased cell-cell adhesions and a multicellular architecture with increased overlap, changes in actin-myosin development, and enhanced focal adhesion and cell junction with random alignment. Besides, anisotropic fibroblasts were activated into a regular phenotype with an ECM remodeling profile. In contrast, isotropic fibroblasts developed a highly invasive phenotype expressing molecules, including CD274/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), cellular communication network factor 2 (CCN2)/connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2), and semaphorin 7A (SEMA7A), but with downregulated matrix genes. Moreover, isotropic fibroblasts also showed higher expressions of Ki-67 and cyclin D1 (CCND1), resistance to apoptosis/senescence, and decreased autophagy. The topology regulated the cellular heterogeneity and resulted in positive feedback between changes in the cellular phenotype and the ECM structure, which may aggravate fibrosis and lead to a priming of malignant microenvironment during carcinogenesis. Using the versatile platform of micropattern array, we can not only visualize the interaction mechanism between cells and the ECM but also select potential clinical targets for diagnosis and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglong Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shengqiang Mao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xinmei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Core Facility of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yongfeng Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Mengyu Gao
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Ji Bao
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Alum EU, Tufail T, Uti DE, Aja PM, Offor CE, Ibiam UA, Ukaidi CUA, Alum BN. Utilizing Indigenous Flora in East Africa for Breast Cancer Treatment: An Overview. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2025; 25:99-113. [PMID: 39297456 DOI: 10.2174/0118715206338557240909081833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is a significant global health challenge, contributing substantially to cancer- related deaths. Conventional treatment methods, including hormone therapy, chemotherapy, surgical interventions, and radiation, have long been utilized. However, these traditional treatments are often associated with serious side effects and drug resistance, limiting their efficacy. AIM This review aims to explore the potential of medicinal plants used in breast cancer management in East Africa, focusing on their bioactive compounds and anticancer properties. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted to examine the effectiveness of medicinal plants in treating breast cancer across Kenya, Ethiopia, Uganda, Tanzania, and Rwanda. Relevant studies published between 2003 and 2023 were identified using keywords related to breast cancer and medicinal plants. The search was performed across multiple databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, and Science Direct. RESULTS Numerous natural compounds found in East African medicinal plants including Cymbopogon citratus (Lemongrass,) Tabebuia avellanedae, Prunus africana (African Cherry), Euclea divinorum, Berberis holstii, Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha, Curcuma longa (Turmeric), Garcinia mangostana (Mangosteen, Vitis vinifera (Grapevine), Eugenia jambolana (Java Plum), Moringa oleifera (Drumstick Tree), Camellia sinensis (Tea), Glycine max (Soybean), Catharanthus roseus, Madagascar Periwinkle), Rhus vulgaris (Wild Currant) exhibit significant anticancer properties. These compounds have demonstrated the ability to reduce breast cancer aggressiveness, inhibit cancer cell proliferation, and modulate cancer-related pathways. Current research focuses on these natural and dietary compounds to develop more effective strategies for treating breast cancer. CONCLUSION The findings suggested that East African medicinal plants hold promise as complementary treatments for breast cancer, offering potential benefits such as affordability, cultural appropriateness, and sustainability. Further research into these plants and their bioactive compounds could revolutionize breast cancer treatment, improving survival rates and addressing the rising incidence of breast cancer-related fatalities. Other: The review underscores the importance of continued research, conservation, and the integration of ancient healing methods to fully harness the potential of East African flora in breast cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Ugo Alum
- Department of Research and Publications, Kampala International University, Kampala, P. O. Box 20000, Uganda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, P.M.B. 053 Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Tabussam Tufail
- School of Food and Biological, Engineering Jiangsu, University Zhenjiang Kampala, China
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Daniel Ejim Uti
- Department of Research and Publications, Kampala International University, Kampala, P. O. Box 20000, Uganda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Federal University of Health Sciences, Otukpo, Benue State, Nigeria
| | - Patrick Maduabuchi Aja
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, P.M.B. 053 Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Christian Emeka Offor
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, P.M.B. 053 Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Udu Ama Ibiam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, P.M.B. 053 Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, Evangel University Akaeze, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Chris U A Ukaidi
- College of Economics and Management, Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Benedict Nnachi Alum
- Department of Research and Publications, Kampala International University, Kampala, P. O. Box 20000, Uganda
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Gardano L, Ferreira J, Le Roy C, Ledoux D, Varin-Blank N. The survival grip-how cell adhesion promotes tumor maintenance within the microenvironment. FEBS Lett 2024. [PMID: 39704141 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.15074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 11/11/2024] [Accepted: 11/18/2024] [Indexed: 12/21/2024]
Abstract
Cell adhesion is warranted by proteins that are crucial for the maintenance of tissue integrity and homeostasis. Most of these proteins behave as receptors to link adhesion to the control of cell survival and their expression or regulation are often altered in cancers. B-cell malignancies do not evade this principle as they are sustained in relapsed niches by interacting with the microenvironment that includes cells and their secreted factors. Focusing on chronic lymphocytic leukemia and mantle cell lymphoma, this Review delves with the molecules involved in the dialog between the adhesion platforms and signaling pathways known to regulate both cell adhesion and survival. Current therapeutic strategies disrupt adhesive structures and compromise the microenvironment support to tumor cells, rendering them sensitive to immune recognition. The development of organ-on-chip and 3D culture systems, such as spheroids, have revealed the importance of mechanical cues in regulating signaling pathways to organize cell adhesion and survival. All these elements contribute to the elaboration of the crosstalk of lymphoma cells with the microenvironment and the education processes that allow the establishment of the supportive niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gardano
- INSERM U978, Bobigny, France
- UFR SMBH Universite Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Jordan Ferreira
- INSERM U978, Bobigny, France
- UFR SMBH Universite Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Christine Le Roy
- INSERM U978, Bobigny, France
- UFR SMBH Universite Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Dominique Ledoux
- INSERM U978, Bobigny, France
- UFR SMBH Universite Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Nadine Varin-Blank
- INSERM U978, Bobigny, France
- UFR SMBH Universite Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
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Wang S, Zhang S, Li X, Leng C, Li X, Lv J, Zhao S, Qiu W, Guo J. Development of oxidative stress- and ferroptosis-related prognostic signature in gastric cancer and identification of CDH19 as a novel biomarker. Hum Genomics 2024; 18:121. [PMID: 39501397 PMCID: PMC11536560 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-024-00682-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 10/09/2024] [Indexed: 11/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ferroptosis is a unique mode of cell death that is iron-dependent and associated with oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Oxidative stress and ferroptosis are essential mechanisms leading to metabolic abnormalities in cells and have been popular areas in cancer research. METHODS Initially, 76 oxidative stress and ferroptosis-related genes (OFRGs) were acquired by intersecting the gene sets from oxidative stress and ferroptosis. Afterwards, optimal OFRGs were screened using PPI networks, and individuals were separated into two OFRG subtypes (K = 2). Subsequently, we successfully constructed and verified a prognostic signature comprising SLC7A2, Cadherin 19 (CDH19), and CCN1. To further uncover potential biomarkers of gastric cancer (GC), we examined the expression level of CDH19, investigated the effects of knocking down CDH19 on the biological behavior of GC cells, and explored whether CDH19 is involved in ferroptosis and oxidative stress processes. RESULTS According to the findings, individuals in the low-risk scoring group have less infiltration of immune suppressive cells, fewer occurrences of immune escape and dysfunction, greater efficacy in chemotherapy and immunotherapy, and better survival outcomes. The qRT-PCR assay indicated that CDH19 expression was significantly higher in GC cells. Through experiments, we demonstrated that knocking down CDH19 can affect the transcription levels of ACSL4 and GPX4, increase intracellular iron ion concentration and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inhibit the proliferation and migration of GC cells. CONCLUSION We developed an OFRG-related signature to predict the prognosis and treatment responsiveness of individuals with GC and identified CDH19 as a possible therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibo Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266000, China
| | - Siyi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266000, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266000, China
| | - Chuanyu Leng
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266000, China
| | - Xiangxue Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266000, China
| | - Jing Lv
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266000, China
| | - Shufen Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266000, China
| | - Wensheng Qiu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266000, China.
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266000, China.
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11
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Gong R, Reynolds MJ, Sun X, Alushin GM. Afadin mediates cadherin-catenin complex clustering on F-actin linked to cooperative binding and filament curvature. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.10.08.617332. [PMID: 39415991 PMCID: PMC11482809 DOI: 10.1101/2024.10.08.617332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
The E-cadherin-β-catenin-αE-catenin (cadherin-catenin) complex couples the cytoskeletons of neighboring cells at adherens junctions (AJs) to mediate force transmission across epithelia. Mechanical force and auxiliary binding partners converge to stabilize the cadherin-catenin complex's inherently weak binding to actin filaments (F-actin) through unclear mechanisms. Here we show that afadin's coiled-coil (CC) domain and vinculin synergistically enhance the cadherin-catenin complex's F-actin engagement. The cryo-EM structure of an E-cadherin-β-catenin-αE-catenin-vinculin-afadin-CC supra-complex bound to F-actin reveals that afadin-CC bridges adjacent αE-catenin actin-binding domains along the filament, stabilizing flexible αE-catenin segments implicated in mechanical regulation. These cooperative binding contacts promote the formation of supra-complex clusters along F-actin. Additionally, cryo-EM variability analysis links supra-complex binding along individual F-actin strands to nanoscale filament curvature, a deformation mode associated with cytoskeletal forces. Collectively, this work elucidates a mechanistic framework by which vinculin and afadin tune cadherin-catenin complex-cytoskeleton coupling to support AJ function across varying mechanical regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Gong
- Laboratory of Structural Biophysics and Mechanobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew J. Reynolds
- Laboratory of Structural Biophysics and Mechanobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Sun
- Laboratory of Structural Biophysics and Mechanobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gregory M. Alushin
- Laboratory of Structural Biophysics and Mechanobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
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12
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Huang Y, Cao D, Zhang M, Yang Y, Niu G, Tang L, Shen Z, Zhang Z, Bai Y, Min D, He A. Exploring the impact of PDGFD in osteosarcoma metastasis through single-cell sequencing analysis. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024; 47:1715-1733. [PMID: 38652223 PMCID: PMC11467127 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-024-00949-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The overall survival rate for metastatic osteosarcoma hovers around 20%. Responses to second-line chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and immunotherapies have demonstrated limited efficacy in metastatic osteosarcoma. Our objective is to validate differentially expressed genes and signaling pathways between non-metastatic and metastatic osteosarcoma, employing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and additional functional investigations. We aim to enhance comprehension of metastatic mechanisms and potentially unveil a therapeutic target. METHODS scRNA-seq was performed on two primary osteosarcoma lesions (1 non-metastatic and 1 metastatic). Seurat package facilitated dimensionality reduction and cluster identification. Copy number variation (CNV) was predicted using InferCNV. CellChat characterized ligand-receptor-based intercellular communication networks. Differentially expressed genes underwent GO function enrichment analysis and GSEA. Validation was achieved through the GSE152048 dataset, which identified PDGFD-PDGFRB as a common ligand-receptor pair with significant contribution. Immunohistochemistry assessed PDGFD and PDGFRB expression, while multicolor immunofluorescence and flow cytometry provided insight into spatial relationships and the tumor immune microenvironment. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis compared metastasis-free survival and overall survival between high and low levels of PDGFD and PDGFRB. Manipulation of PDGFD expression in primary osteosarcoma cells examined invasion abilities and related markers. RESULTS Ten clusters encompassing osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, fibroblasts, pericytes, endothelial cells, myeloid cells, T cells, B cells, and proliferating cells were identified. Osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes exhibited heightened CNV levels. Ligand-receptor-based communication networks exposed significant fibroblast crosstalk with other cell types, and the PDGF signaling pathway was activated in non-metastatic osteosarcoma primary lesion. These results were corroborated by the GSE152048 dataset, confirming the prominence of PDGFD-PDGFRB as a common ligand-receptor pair. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated considerably greater PDGFD expression in non-metastatic osteosarcoma tissues and organoids, correlating with extended metastasis-free and overall survival. PDGFRB expression showed no significant variation between non-metastatic and metastatic osteosarcoma, nor strong correlations with survival times. Multicolor immunofluorescence suggested co-localization of PDGFD with PDGFRB. Flow cytometry unveiled a highly immunosuppressive microenvironment in metastatic osteosarcoma. Manipulating PDGFD expression demonstrated altered invasive abilities and marker expressions in primary osteosarcoma cells from both non-metastatic and metastatic lesions. CONCLUSIONS scRNA-seq illuminated the activation of the PDGF signaling pathway in primary lesion of non-metastatic osteosarcoma. PDGFD displayed an inhibitory effect on osteosarcoma metastasis, likely through the suppression of the EMT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Huang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongyan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, the Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Manxue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, the Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | | | - Lina Tang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zan Shen
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhichang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueqing Bai
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Daliu Min
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aina He
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Müller L, Gutschner T, Hatzfeld M. A feedback loop between plakophilin 4 and YAP signaling regulates keratinocyte differentiation. iScience 2024; 27:110762. [PMID: 39286493 PMCID: PMC11402648 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway is an important regulator of organ growth and differentiation, and its deregulation contributes to the development of cancer. The activity of its downstream targets YAP/TAZ depends on adherens junctions. Plakophilin 4 (PKP4) is a cell-type specific adherens junction protein expressed in the proliferating cells of the epidermis. Here, we show that PKP4 diminishes proliferation as well as differentiation. Depletion of PKP4 increased proliferation but at the same time induced premature epidermal differentiation. PKP4 interacted with several Hippo pathway components, including the transcriptional co-activators YAP/TAZ, and promoted nuclear YAP localization and target gene expression. In differentiated keratinocytes, PKP4 recruited LATS and YAP to cell junctions where YAP is transcriptionally inactive. YAP depletion, on the other hand, reduced PKP4 levels and keratinocyte adhesion indicative of a feedback mechanism controlling adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation by balancing YAP functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Müller
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Pathochemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Research Center, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3A, 06120 Halle, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for RNA Biology and Pathogenesis, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Research Center, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3A, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Tony Gutschner
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for RNA Biology and Pathogenesis, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Research Center, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3A, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Mechthild Hatzfeld
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Pathochemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Research Center, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3A, 06120 Halle, Germany
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14
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Bedore S, van der Eerden J, Boghani F, Patel SJ, Yassin S, Aguilar K, Lokeshwar VB. Protein-Based Predictive Biomarkers to Personalize Neoadjuvant Therapy for Bladder Cancer-A Systematic Review of the Current Status. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9899. [PMID: 39337385 PMCID: PMC11432686 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25189899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The clinical outcome of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is poor despite the approval of neoadjuvant chemotherapy or immunotherapy to improve overall survival after cystectomy. MIBC subtypes, immune, transcriptome, metabolomic signatures, and mutation burden have the potential to predict treatment response but none have been incorporated into clinical practice, as tumor heterogeneity and lineage plasticity influence their efficacy. Using the PRISMA statement, we conducted a systematic review of the literature, involving 135 studies published within the last five years, to identify studies reporting on the prognostic value of protein-based biomarkers for response to neoadjuvant therapy in patients with MIBC. The studies were grouped based on biomarkers related to molecular subtypes, cancer stem cell, actin-cytoskeleton, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, apoptosis, and tumor-infiltrating immune cells. These studies show the potential of protein-based biomarkers, especially in the spatial context, to reduce the influence of tumor heterogeneity on a biomarker's prognostic capability. Nevertheless, currently, there is little consensus on the methodology, reagents, and the scoring systems to allow reliable assessment of the biomarkers of interest. Furthermore, the small sample size of several studies necessitates the validation of potential prognostic biomarkers in larger multicenter cohorts before their use for individualizing neoadjuvant therapy regimens for patients with MIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Vinata B. Lokeshwar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd., Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (S.B.); (J.v.d.E.); (S.J.P.); (S.Y.); (K.A.)
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15
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Park A, Kim S, Yu J, Son D, Kim K, Koh E, Park K. Cadherin-6 is a novel mediator for the migration of mesenchymal stem cells to glioblastoma cells in response to stromal cell-derived factor-1. FEBS Open Bio 2024; 14:1192-1204. [PMID: 38719785 PMCID: PMC11216932 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma recruits various nontransformed cells from distant tissues. Although bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been observed migrating to glioblastoma, the underlying mechanism driving MSC migration toward glioblastoma remains unclear. Tumor vascularity is critical in the context of recurrent glioblastoma and is closely linked to the expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1). We demonstrated that cadherin-6 mediated MSC migration both toward SDF-1 and toward glioblastoma cells. Cadherin-6 knockdown resulted in the downregulation of MSCs capacity to migrate in response to SDF-1. Furthermore, MSCs with cadherin-6 knockdown exhibited impaired migration in response to conditioned media derived from glioblastoma cell lines (U87 and U373) expressing SDF-1, thus simulating the glioblastoma microenvironment. Moreover, MSCs enhanced the vasculogenic capacity of U87 cells without increasing the proliferation, cancer stem cell characteristics, or migration of U87. These results suggest that the current strategy of utilizing MSCs as carriers for antiglioblastoma drugs requires careful examination. Furthermore, cadherin-6 may represent a novel potential target for controlling the recruitment of MSCs toward glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aran Park
- Graduate School of BiotechnologyKyung Hee UniversityYonginKorea
| | - Seung‐Eun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate SchoolKyung Hee UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Jinyeong Yu
- Industry‐Academic Cooperation FoundationKyung Hee UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Donghyun Son
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate SchoolKyung Hee UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Kyung‐Sup Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of MedicineYonsei UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Eunjin Koh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of MedicineYonsei UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Ki‐Sook Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate SchoolKyung Hee UniversitySeoulKorea
- East‐West Medical Research InstituteKyung Hee UniversitySeoulKorea
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16
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Xie B, Wu T, Hong D, Lu Z. Comprehensive landscape of junctional genes and their association with overall survival of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1380384. [PMID: 38841188 PMCID: PMC11150628 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1380384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Junctional proteins are involved in tumorigenesis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between junctional genes and the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods Transcriptome, mutation, and clinical data were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). "Limma" was used to screen differentially expressed genes. Moreover, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to identify junctional genes associated with LUAD prognosis. The junctional gene-related risk score (JGRS) was generated based on multivariate Cox regression analysis. An overall survival (OS) prediction model combining the JGRS and clinicopathological properties was proposed using a nomogram and further validated in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) LUAD cohort. Results To our knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate the correlation between the mRNA levels of 14 junctional genes (CDH15, CDH17, CDH24, CLDN6, CLDN12, CLDN18, CTNND2, DSG2, ITGA2, ITGA8, ITGA11, ITGAL, ITGB4, and PKP3) and clinical outcomes of patients with LUAD. The JGRS was generated based on these 14 genes, and a higher JGRS was associated with older age, higher stage levels, and lower immune scores. Thus, a prognostic prediction nomogram was proposed based on the JGRS. Internal and external validation showed the good performance of the prediction model. Mechanistically, JGRS was associated with cell proliferation and immune regulatory pathways. Mutational analysis revealed that more somatic mutations occurred in the high-JGRS group than in the low-JGRS group. Conclusion The association between junctional genes and OS in patients with LUAD demonstrated by our "TCGA filtrating and GEO validating" model revealed a new function of junctional genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xie
- School of Information Science and Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Wu
- School of Information Science and Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Duiguo Hong
- Jincheng Community Health Service Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Lu
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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Troyanovsky RB, Indra I, Troyanovsky SM. Characterization of early and late events of adherens junction assembly. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.04.583373. [PMID: 38496678 PMCID: PMC10942379 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.04.583373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Cadherins are transmembrane adhesion receptors. Cadherin ectodomains form adhesive 2D clusters through cooperative trans and cis interactions, whereas its intracellular region interacts with specific cytosolic proteins, termed catenins, to anchor the cadherin-catenin complex (CCC) to the actin cytoskeleton. How these two types of interactions are coordinated in the formation of specialized cell-cell adhesions, adherens junctions (AJ), remains unclear. We focus here on the role of the actin-binding domain of α-catenin (αABD) by showing that the interaction of αABD with actin generates actin-bound CCC oligomers (CCC/actin strands) incorporating up to six CCCs. The strands are primarily formed on the actin-rich cell protrusions. Once in cell-cell interface, the strands become involved in cadherin ectodomain clustering. Such combination of the extracellular and intracellular oligomerizations gives rise to the composite oligomers, trans CCC/actin clusters. To mature, these clusters then rearrange their actin filaments using several redundant pathways, two of which are characterized here: one depends on the α-catenin-associated protein, vinculin and the second one depends on the unstructured C-terminus of αABD. Thus, AJ assembly proceeds through spontaneous formation of trans CCC/actin clusters and their successive reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina B Troyanovsky
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Indrajyoti Indra
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Sergey M Troyanovsky
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60614
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