1
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Kaur M, Maurizio SL, Mandl GA, Capobianco JA. Achieving photostability in dye-sensitized upconverting nanoparticles and their use in Fenton type photocatalysis. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:13583-13594. [PMID: 37552506 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr02845c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Dye sensitization is a promising approach to enhance the luminescence of lanthanide-doped upconverting nanoparticles. However, the poor photostability of near-infrared dyes hampers their use in practical applications. To address this, commercial IR820 was modified for improved photostability and covalently bonded to amine-functionalized silica-coated LnUCNPs. Two methods of covalent linking were investigated: linking the dye to the surface of the silica shell, and embedding the dye within the silica shell. The photostability of the dyes when embedded in the silica shell exhibited upconversion emissions from NaGdF4:Er3+,Yb3+/NaGdF4:Yb3+ nanoparticles for over four hours of continuous excitation with no change in intensity. To highlight this improvement, the photostable dye-embedded system was successfully utilized for Fenton-type photocatalysis, emphasizing its potential for practical applications. Overall, this study presents a facile strategy to circumvent the overlooked limitations associated with photodegradation, opening up new possibilities for the use of dye-sensitized lanthanide-doped upconverting nanoparticles in a range of fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mannu Kaur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St W., Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada.
| | - Steven L Maurizio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St W., Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada.
| | - Gabrielle A Mandl
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St W., Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada.
| | - John A Capobianco
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St W., Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada.
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2
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Zheng X, Chen Y, Liu M, Pan S, Liu Z, Xu D, Lin H. High-intensity first near-infrared emission through energy migration in multilayered upconversion nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:19923-19931. [PMID: 37458701 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01440a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The development of Tm3+ 807 nm first near-infrared (NIR-I, 700-1000 nm) emission with second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) excitation is urgently needed, due to its potential application in biomedicine. In this work, a range of NaErF4:Yb@NaYF4:Yb@NaYF4:Yb,Tm@NaYF4 multilayer core-shell structure upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) were successfully prepared by a co-precipitation method. The strongest UC emissions can be obtained by changing the concentration of Yb3+ in the core and the first shell, and the proposed UC process was discussed in detail. The analysis shows that high-intensity NIR-I emission (807 nm) from Tm3+ and visible light from Er3+ were achieved through the energy migration among Yb3+ and the energy back transfer from Yb3+ to Er3+ under 1532 nm excitation. Besides, compared to bilayer UCNPs, multilayer core-shell UCNPs display superior optical performance. The high-intensity NIR-I emission at 807 nm (Tm3+:3H4 → 3H6) under 1532 nm NIR-II excitation demonstrates huge advantages in bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuegang Zheng
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
- Research Center for Advanced Information Materials, Huangpu Research & Graduate School of Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510555, P. R. China
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
- Research Center for Advanced Information Materials, Huangpu Research & Graduate School of Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510555, P. R. China
| | - Meijuan Liu
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
- Research Center for Advanced Information Materials, Huangpu Research & Graduate School of Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510555, P. R. China
| | - Shusheng Pan
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
- Research Center for Advanced Information Materials, Huangpu Research & Graduate School of Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510555, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyu Liu
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
- Research Center for Advanced Information Materials, Huangpu Research & Graduate School of Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510555, P. R. China
| | - Dekang Xu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, P. R. China
| | - Hao Lin
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
- Research Center for Advanced Information Materials, Huangpu Research & Graduate School of Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510555, P. R. China
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3
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Sheng W, Huang J, Cai Z, He L, Zhou B. Multi-wavelength excitable mid-infrared luminescence and energy transfer in core-shell nanoparticles for nanophotonics. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:6313-6320. [PMID: 36912676 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr06837k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
2 μm mid-infrared (MIR) light sources have shown great potential for broad applications in molecular spectroscopy, eye-safe lasers, biomedical systems and so on. However, previous research studies were mainly focused on conventional materials such as glasses, glass-ceramics and crystals, limiting the luminescence intensity and miniaturization of photonic devices. Here we report a new strategy to realize the multiple excitation wavelength responsive MIR emission in a single nanoparticle by employing an erbium sublattice as the sensitizing host. Intense 2 μm emission of Ho3+ from its 5I7 → 5I8 optical transition was observed under 808, 980 and 1530 nm excitations. The possible energy transfer mechanism between Er3+ and Ho3+ ions was discussed. We also designed a core-shell-shell nanostructure by inserting an NaYF4:Yb interlayer to maximize the absorption of 980 nm photons and enhance the 2 μm emission. The MIR luminescence under 808 nm excitation can be further improved by introducing Nd3+ into the outermost shell and attaching indocyanine green dyes. These results present an efficient way for the development of MIR luminescent nanomaterials with great potential in the fields of MIR gain devices, nanosized MIR light sources, and nanophotonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Jinshu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Zhiyuan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Li He
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
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4
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Xie X, Li Q, Chen H, Wang W, Wu F, Tu L, Zhang Y, Kong X, Chang Y. Manipulating the Injected Energy Flux via Host-Sensitized Nanostructure for Improving Multiphoton Upconversion Luminescence of Tm 3. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:5339-5347. [PMID: 35708527 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Combating the concentration quenching effect by increasing the concentration of sensitized rare-earth ions in rational design upconversion nanostructure will make it easier to utilize injection energy flux and transfer it to emitters, resulting in improved upconversion luminescence (UCL). We proposed a host-sensitized nanostructure (active core@luminescent shell@inert shell) to improve multiphoton UCL of Tm3+ based on the LiLnF4 host. Yb3+ ions were isolated in the core as energy absorbents, and Tm3+ was doped in the interior LiYbF4 host shell. Compared with sandwich structured nanocrystals (Y@Y:Yb/Tm@Y), reverse structure (YbTm@Yb@Y), and fully doped structure (YbTm@YbTm@Y), the proposed structure achieved the highest efficiency of multiphoton UCL and favored a better FRET-based application performance as the Tm3+ located at an optimized spatial distribution. Furthermore, steady-state and dynamic analysis results demonstrate that by manipulating the spatial distribution of the active ions, excited energy can be tuned to enable multiphoton upconversion enhancement, overcoming the conventional limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Haoran Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fengxia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, China
| | - Langping Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Youlin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Xianggui Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Yulei Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China
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5
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Ansari AA, Parchur AK, Chen G. Surface modified lanthanide upconversion nanoparticles for drug delivery, cellular uptake mechanism, and current challenges in NIR-driven therapies. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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6
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Xiang G, Yang M, Liu Z, Wang Y, Jiang S, Zhou X, Li L, Ma L, Wang X, Zhang J. Near-Infrared-to-Near-Infrared Optical Thermometer BaY 2O 4: Yb 3+/Nd 3+ Assembled with Photothermal Conversion Performance. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:5425-5432. [PMID: 35332776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the construction of photothermal therapy (PTT) agents integrated with real-time thermometry for cancer treatment in deep tissues has become a research hotspot. Herein, an excellent photothermal conversion material, BaY2O4: Yb3+/Nd3+, assembled with real-time optical thermometry is developed successfully. Ultrasensitive temperature sensing is implemented through the fluorescence intensity ratio of thermally coupled Nd3+: 4Fj (j = 7/2, 5/2, and 3/2) with a maximal absolute and relative sensitivity of 68.88 and 3.29% K-1, respectively, which surpass the overwhelming majority of the same type of thermometers. Especially, a thermally enhanced Nd3+ luminescence with a factor of 180 is detected with irradiation at 980 nm, resulting from the improvement in phonon-assisted energy transfer efficiency. Meanwhile, the photothermal conversion performance of the sample is excellent enough to destroy the pathological tissues, of which the temperature can be raised to 319.3 K after 180 s of near-infrared (NIR) irradiation with an invariable power density of 13.74 mW/mm2. Besides, the NIR emission of Nd3+ can reach a depth of 7 mm in the biological tissues, as determined by an ex vivo experiment. All the results show the potential application of BaY2O4: Yb3+/Nd3+ as a deep-tissue PTT agent simultaneously equipped with photothermal conversion and temperature sensing function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guotao Xiang
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2 Chongwen Road, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Menglin Yang
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2 Chongwen Road, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2 Chongwen Road, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2 Chongwen Road, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Sha Jiang
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2 Chongwen Road, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Xianju Zhou
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2 Chongwen Road, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2 Chongwen Road, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia 30460, United States
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia 30460, United States
| | - Jiahua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3888 Eastern South Lake Road, Changchun 130033, China
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7
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Liu S, Yan L, Huang J, Zhang Q, Zhou B. Controlling upconversion in emerging multilayer core-shell nanostructures: from fundamentals to frontier applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:1729-1765. [PMID: 35188156 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00753j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lanthanide-based upconversion nanomaterials have recently attracted considerable attention in both fundamental research and various frontier applications owing to their excellent photon upconversion performance and favourable physicochemical properties. In particular, the emergence of multi-layer core-shell (MLCS) nanostructures offers a versatile and powerful tool to realize well-defined matrix compositions and spatial distributions of the dopant on the nanometer length scale. In contrast to the conventional nanomaterials and commonly investigated core-shell nanoparticles, the rational design of MLCS nanostructures allows us to deliberately introduce more functional properties into an upconversion system, thus providing unprecedented opportunities for the precise manipulation of energy transfer channels, the dynamic control of upconversion processes, the fine tuning of switchable emission colours and new functional integration at a single-particle level. In this review, we present a summary and discussion on the key aspects of the recent progress in lanthanide-based MLCS nanoparticles, including the manipulation of emission and lifetime, the switchable multicolour output and the lanthanide ionic interactions on the nanoscale. Benefitting from the multifunctional and versatile luminescence properties, the MLCS nanostructures exhibit great potential in diversities of frontier applications such as three-dimensional display, upconversion laser, optical memory, anti-counterfeiting, thermometry, bioimaging, and therapy. The outlook and challenges as well as perspectives for the research in MLCS nanostructure materials are also provided. This review would be greatly helpful in exploring new structural designs of lanthanide-based materials to further manipulate the upconversion phenomenon and expand their application boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, and Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
| | - Long Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, and Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
| | - Jinshu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, and Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
| | - Qinyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, and Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
| | - Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, and Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
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8
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Enhancing upconversion of Nd3+ through Yb3+-mediated energy cycling towards temperature sensing. J RARE EARTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2021.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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9
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Feng Q, Zheng W, Pu J, Chen Q, Shao W. NIR-II Upconversion Photoluminescence of Er 3+ Doped LiYF 4 and NaY(Gd)F 4 Core-Shell Nanoparticles. Front Chem 2021; 9:690833. [PMID: 34136466 PMCID: PMC8201074 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.690833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The availability of colloidal nano-materials with high efficiency, stability, and non-toxicity in the near infrared-II range is beneficial for biological diagnosis and therapy. Rare earth doped nanoparticles are ideal luminescent agents for bio-applications in the near infrared-II range due to the abundant energy level distribution. Among them, both excitation and emission range of Er3+ ions can be tuned into second biological window range. Herein, we report the synthesis of ∼15 nm LiYF4, NaYF4, and NaGdF4 nanoparticles doped with Er3+ ions and their core-shell structures. The luminescent properties are compared, showing that Er3+ ions with single-doped LiYF4 and NaYF4 nanoparticles generate stronger luminescence than Er3+ ions with doped NaGdF4, despite the difference in relative intensity at different regions. By epitaxial growth an inert homogeneous protective layer, the surface luminescence of the core-shell structure is further enhanced by about 5.1 times, 6.5 times, and 167.7 times for LiYF4, NaYF4, and NaGdF4, respectively. The excellent luminescence in both visible and NIR range of these core-shell nanoparticles makes them potential candidate for bio-applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilong Feng
- College of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Zheng
- College of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Pu
- College of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaoli Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Shao
- College of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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10
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Zhou B, Li Q, Yan L, Zhang Q. Controlling upconversion through interfacial energy transfer (IET): Fundamentals and applications. J RARE EARTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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11
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Liao J, Jin D, Chen C, Li Y, Zhou J. Helix Shape Power-Dependent Properties of Single Upconversion Nanoparticles. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:2883-2890. [PMID: 31978304 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b03838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nonblinking, nonbleaching, and superbright single upconversion nanoparticles have been recently discovered with nonlinear power-dependent properties and can be switchable under dual-beam excitations, which are ideal for super-resolution microscopy, single-molecule tracking, and digital assays. Here, we report that the brightness of Nd3+-Yb3+-Er3+-doped nanoparticles displays a pair of unusual double helix shapes as the function of power densities of 976 and 808 nm excitations. We systemically analyze the power-dependent emission spectra, lifetimes, and power-intensity double-log slopes of single upconversion nanoparticles, which reveal that the dynamic roles of Nd3+ ions in the tridoped nanosystem with underlining electron population pathways are power dependent. That is, at high power 808 nm excitation, Nd3+ ions can directly emit upconverted luminescence, with their conventional role of sensitization saturated in the Nd3 → Yb3+ → Er3+ energy transfer systems. Moreover, we confirm that the universal helix shape phenomena commonly exist in a set of eight batches of core-shell nanoparticles regardless of the doping concentrations of Nd3+, Yb3+, and Er3+ ions in the sensitization shell, migration shell, and active core, though the crossing nodes occur at different excitation power ranges. This study emphasizes the important role of power-dependent properties in both improving the upconversion emission efficiency and the design of nonlinear responsive probes for imaging and sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Liao
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dayong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
- UTS-SUStech Joint Research Centre for Biomedical Materials & Devices, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Chaohao Chen
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiajia Zhou
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
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12
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Kalaivani S, Kannan S. Collective substitutions of selective rare earths (Yb 3+, Dy 3+, Tb 3+, Gd 3+, Eu 3+, Nd 3+) in ZrO 2: an exciting prospect for biomedical applications. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:9291-9302. [PMID: 31166338 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01930h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The study aims to understand the significance of collective rare earth (RE3+) substitutions in ZrO2 structures for biomedical applications. The RE3+ ions namely Yb3+, Dy3+, Tb3+, Gd3+, Eu3+, and Nd3+ were selected and their concentrations were adjusted to obtain three different combinations. The influence of RE3+ on the crystal structure of ZrO2 alongside the absorption, luminescence, mechanical, magnetic, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) properties was explored. The concomitant effect of the average ionic size and RE3+ concentration determines the crystallization behavior of ZrO2 at elevated temperatures. The collective RE3+ substitutions exhibit both up-conversion and down-conversion emissions with their respective excitation at 793 and 350 nm. Nevertheless, increment in the concentration of RE3+ is found to be detrimental to the mechanical stability of ZrO2. The collective characteristics of multiple RE3+ demonstrate the potential of the investigated system in multimodal imaging applications. The unique luminescence characteristics of Eu3+ and Tb3+ are promising for fluorescence imaging while the presence of Dy3+, Tb3+, Gd3+ and Nd3+ unveils a paramagnetic response required for MRI. In addition, Dy3+ and Yb3+ contribute to the high X-ray absorption coefficient values suitable for X-ray CT imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kalaivani
- Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry-605 014, India.
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