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Das D, Prakash J, Bandyopadhyay A, Balhara A, Goutam UK, Acharya R, Gupta SK, Sudarshan K. Modulating the effective ionic radii of trivalent dopants in ceria using a combination of dopants to improve catalytic efficiency for the oxygen evolution reaction. RSC Adv 2024; 14:17801-17813. [PMID: 38832250 PMCID: PMC11145625 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03360d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Aliovalent doping in ceria and defect engineering are important aspects in tuning the properties of ceria for advanced technological applications, especially in the emerging field of electrocatalytic water-splitting for harvesting renewable energy. However, the ambiguity regarding the choice of dopants/co-dopants and ways to deal with the size difference between dopants and lattice hosts remains a long-standing problem. In this study, ceria was aliovalently codoped with Sc3+ and La3+ while keeping the total concentration of dopants constant; the ionic radius of the former is smaller and that of the latter is larger than Ce4+. Variations in the relative amounts of these dopants helped to modulate the effective ionic radii and match that of the host. A systematic study on the role of these aliovalent dopants in defect evolution in ceria and in modulating the Ce3+ fraction using powder XRD, Rietveld refinement, positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Eu3+ photoluminescence, and Raman spectroscopy is presented here. The evolved defects and their dependence on subtle factors other than charge compensation are further correlated with their electrocatalytic activity towards oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline medium. The catalyst with an optimum defect density, maximum Ce3+ fraction at the surface and the least effective ionic radius difference between the dopants and the host demonstrated the best performance towards the OER. This study demonstrates how effective ionic radius modulation in defect-engineered ceria through a judicious choice of codopants can enhance the catalytic property of ceria and provides immensely helpful information for designing ceria-based heterogeneous catalysts with desired functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debarati Das
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai-400085 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400094 India
| | - Jyoti Prakash
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400094 India
- Materials Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai-400085 India
| | - Anisha Bandyopadhyay
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400094 India
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai-400085 India
| | - Annu Balhara
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai-400085 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400094 India
| | - U K Goutam
- Technical Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai-400085 India
| | - Raghunath Acharya
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai-400085 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400094 India
| | - Santosh K Gupta
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai-400085 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400094 India
| | - Kathi Sudarshan
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai-400085 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400094 India
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Liang Q, Tang P, Zhou J, Bai J, Tian D, Zhu X, Zhou D, Wang N, Yan W. Effect of MgO and Fe2O3 dual sintering aids on the microstructure and electrochemical performance of the solid state Gd0.2Ce0.8O2-δ electrolyte in intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells. Front Chem 2022; 10:991922. [PMID: 36238094 PMCID: PMC9550866 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.991922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid state electrolytes have been intensively studied in the solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The aim of this work is to investigate the effects of MgO and Fe2O3 dual sintering aids on the microstructure and electrochemical properties of solid state Gd0.2Ce0.8O2-δ (GDC) electrolytes, which are prepared by a sol-gel method with MgO and Fe2O3 addition to the GDC system. It is found that the addition of MgO and Fe2O3 can reduce the sintering temperature, increase densification and decrease the grain boundary resistance of the electrolyte. The 2 mol% MgO and 2 mol% Fe2O3 co-doped GDC (GDC-MF) exhibits the highest grain boundary conductivity. At 400°C, the grain boundary conductivity and total conductivity of GDC-MF are 15.89 times and 5.56 times higher than those of GDC. The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) rate at the electrolyte/cathode interface of GDC-MF is 47 % higher than that of GDC. Furthermore, the peak power density of a single cell supported by GDC-MF is 0.45 W cm−2 at 700°C, 36.7% higher than that of GDC. Therefore, the GDC-MF should be a promising electrolyte material for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwen Liang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ping Tang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Jinghe Bai
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Dan Tian
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaofei Zhu, ; Defeng Zhou, ; Ning Wang,
| | - Defeng Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaofei Zhu, ; Defeng Zhou, ; Ning Wang,
| | - Ning Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaofei Zhu, ; Defeng Zhou, ; Ning Wang,
| | - Wenfu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Kuan CY, Lin YY, Yang IH, Chen CY, Chi CY, Li CH, Chen ZY, Lin LZ, Yang CC, Lin FH. The Synthesis of Europium-Doped Calcium Carbonate by an Eco-Method as Free Radical Generator Under Low-Intensity Ultrasonic Irradiation for Body Sculpture. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:765630. [PMID: 34869278 PMCID: PMC8639516 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.765630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Body sculpture is a common method to remove excessive fat. The diet and exercise are the first suggestion to keep body shape; however, those are difficult to keep adherence. Ultrasound has been developed for fat ablation; however, it could only serve as the side treatment along with liposuction. In the study, a sonosensitizer of europium-doped calcium carbonate (CaCO3: Eu) would be synthesized by an eco-method and combined with low-intensity ultrasound for lipolysis. The crystal structure of CaCO3: Eu was identified by x-ray diffractometer (XRD). The morphology of CaCO3: Eu was analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The chemical composition of CaCO3: Eu was evaluated by energy-dispersed spectrophotometer (EDS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The electronic diffraction pattern was to further check crystal structure of the synthesized individual grain by transmission electron microscope (TEM). The particle size was determined by Zeta-sizer. Water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) were used to evaluate the cell viability. Chloromethyl-2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (CM-H2DCFDA) and live/dead stain were used to evaluate feasibility in vitro. SD-rat was used to evaluate the safety and efficacy in vivo. The results showed that CaCO3: Eu had good biocompatibility and could produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) after treated with low-intensity ultrasound. After 4-weeks, the CaCO3: Eu exposed to ultrasound irradiation on SD rats could significantly decrease body weight, waistline, and subcutaneous adipose tissue. We believe that ROS from sonoluminescence, CO2-bomb and locally increasing Ca2+ level would be three major mechanisms to remove away adipo-tissue and inhibit adipogenesis. We could say that the combination of the CaCO3: Eu and low-intensity ultrasound would be a non-invasive treatment for the body sculpture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Yung Kuan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ying Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsuan Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ying Chi
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Biomaterials Translational Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Han Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ze Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National United University, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chen Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
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Siakavelas G, Charisiou N, AlKhoori A, AlKhoori S, Sebastian V, Hinder S, Baker M, Yentekakis I, Polychronopoulou K, Goula M. Highly selective and stable Ni/La-M (M=Sm, Pr, and Mg)-CeO2 catalysts for CO2 methanation. J CO2 UTIL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2021.101618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Gnanam S, Gajendiran J, Ramana Ramya J, Ramachandran K, Gokul Raj S. Glycine-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of pure and europium doped CeO2 nanoparticles and their structural, optical, photoluminescence, photocatalytic and antibacterial properties. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.138217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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