Editorial: Viral Hepatitis: Pathophysiology, Prevention, and Control

Hepatic microcirculatory disturbance in liver diseases: intervention with traditional Chinese medicine

The liver, a complex parenchymal organ, possesses a distinctive microcirculatory system crucial for its physiological functions. An intricate interplay exists between hepatic microcirculatory disturbance and the manifestation of pathological features in diverse liver diseases. This review updates the main characteristics of hepatic microcirculatory disturbance, including hepatic sinusoidal capillarization, narrowing of sinusoidal space, portal hypertension, and pathological angiogenesis, as well as their formation mechanisms. It also summarized the detection methods for hepatic microcirculation. Simultaneously, we have also reviewed the characteristics of microcirculatory disturbance in diverse liver diseases such as acute liver failure, hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatic fibrosis, hepatic cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Finally, this review also summarizes the advancement in hepatic microcirculation attributed to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and its active metabolites, providing novel insights into the application of TCM in treating liver diseases.

[Stomatological management of patients with liver disease: a review of the literature]

Introduction

The liver is the organ responsible for the metabolism of nutrients, some drugs, and the production of coagulation factors. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 23 million people worldwide are diagnosed with liver disease each year. As a result, it is common for dentists to encounter these patients on a daily basis in their practice. The objective of this review is to establish the dental management of patients with liver disease.

Material and methods

A manual literature search was conducted using the indexed articles in PUBMED and EBSCO databases using the keywords "oral surgery," AND "liver disease," AND "hepatic cirrhosis," AND "dental management".

Results

Patients with liver disease present important characteristics for the dentist, which must be recognized in order to perform procedures with the lowest risk of intraoperative and postoperative complications. A patient with poorly controlled underlying liver disease is more prone to infections and bleeding, which implies a high risk of morbidity.

Conclusions

Dental care for patients with liver disease should be assessed according to the reason for consultation, control of the disease, the complexity of the procedure to be performed, and both intraoperative and postoperative hemostatic measures. All necessary hemostatic measures should be considered and dose adjustments should be considered in the use of NSAIDs.