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Abstract
Gilbert's syndrome, also known as benign hyperbilirubinaemia, was described more than 100 years ago. It has usually been considered a physiological abnormality characterised by a mild elevation of the systemic level of unconjugated bilirubin, in the absence of any underlying liver or overt haemolytic disease. However, since the re-discovery of the potent antioxidant effects of bilirubin in the late 1980s, as well as multiple intracellular signalling pathways affected by bilirubin, an ever-increasing body of evidence suggests that individuals with Gilbert's syndrome may benefit from the mild hyperbilirubinaemia and are actually protected from the development of a wide variety of "diseases of civilisation" such as cardiovascular diseases, certain cancers, and autoimmune or neurodegenerative diseases. This review analyses the current state of medical knowledge given recent discoveries in this rapidly developing field, as well as their possible clinical significance, and provides a new perspective on this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libor Vítek
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Application Value of Nutrition Support Team in Chemotherapy Period of Colon Cancer Based on Internet Multidisciplinary Treatment Mode. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8234769. [PMID: 35915770 PMCID: PMC9338870 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8234769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective To explore the application value of the nutrition support team in chemotherapy period of colon cancer based on the internet multidisciplinary treatment mode. Methods For the method of retrospective study, 90 patients with colon cancer admitted to our hospital from August 2018 to August 2020 were selected as the study subjects. They were equally divided into the experimental group (n = 45) and the control group (n = 45) according to the order of initials and the method of parity group. The control group was given conventional nutrition support, and the experimental group was given the nutrition support under the internet multidisciplinary treatment mode. The serum tumor marker levels (CEA and CA19-9), immune function indexes, nutrition indicators, and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups before and after intervention. Results The serum tumor marker levels in the experimental group after intervention were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.001). The immune function indexes in the experimental group after intervention were significantly better than those in the control group (P < 0.001). The nutrition indicators in the experimental group after intervention were significantly better than those in the control group (P < 0.001). The incidence of gastrointestinal adverse reactions above grade 2 in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). There were 20 patients with myelosuppression, 2 patients with neurotoxicity, and 1 patient with hand and foot syndrome in the experimental group, while 22 patients with myelosuppression, 4 patients with neurotoxicity, and 2 patients with hand and foot syndrome in the control group, with no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion The nutrition support team under the internet multidisciplinary treatment mode can improve the immune function of chemotherapy patients with colon cancer and enhance their nutritional level, thereby reducing the incidence of adverse reactions and improving the chemotherapy effects.
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Barekatain B, Sadeghnia A, Moradi N, Yazdi M. Effects of vitamin E on neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in preterm newborns. Adv Biomed Res 2022; 11:86. [DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_94_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Hana CA, Tran LV, Mölzer C, Müllner E, Hörmann-Wallner M, Franzke B, Tosevska A, Zöhrer PA, Doberer D, Marculescu R, Bulmer AC, Freisling H, Moazzami AA, Wagner KH. Serum metabolomics analysis reveals increased lipid catabolism in mildly hyperbilirubinemic Gilbert's syndrome individuals. Metabolism 2021; 125:154913. [PMID: 34653509 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The protective role of mildly elevated bilirubin against CVD and diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) is associated with a favorable lipid phenotype. As the mechanistic understanding of this protection in humans remains elusive, we aimed to assess the metabolomics profile of mildly hyperbilirubinemic (Gilbert's syndrome; GS) individuals especially targeting lipid catabolism. METHODS AND RESULTS Using NMR serum metabolomics of 56 GS individuals and 56 age and gender-matched healthy controls, GS individuals demonstrated significantly greater concentrations of acetylcarnitine (+20%, p < 0.001) and the ketone bodies, 3-hydroxybutyric acid (+132%, p < 0.001), acetoacetic acid (+95%, p < 0.001) and acetone (+46%, p < 0.001). Metabolites associated with an increased mitochondrial lipid metabolism such as citrate (+15%, p < 0.001), anaplerotic amino acid intermediates and creatinine were significantly greater and creatine significantly reduced in GS individuals. Stimulators of lipid catabolism including AMPK (+59%, p < 0.001), pPPARα (+24%, p < 0.001) and T3 (+9%, p = 0.009) supported the metabolomics data while concomitantly blood glucose and insulin (-33%, p = 0.002) levels were significantly reduced. We further showed that the increased lipid catabolism partially mediates the favorable lipid phenotype (lower triglycerides) of GS individuals. Increased trimethylamine (+35%, p < 0.001) indicated changes in trimethylamine metabolism, an emerging predictor of metabolic health. CONCLUSION We showed an enhanced lipid catabolism in mildly hyperbilirubinemic individuals, novel evidence as to why these individuals are leaner and protected against chronic metabolic diseases emphasizing bilirubin to be a promising future target in obese and dyslipidemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia A Hana
- Faculty of Lifesciences, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Lan V Tran
- Faculty of Lifesciences, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Mölzer
- School of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Elisabeth Müllner
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marlies Hörmann-Wallner
- Institute for Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Applied Sciences FH JOANNEUM, Graz, Austria
| | - Bernhard Franzke
- Faculty of Lifesciences, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anela Tosevska
- Faculty of Lifesciences, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Internal Medicine III, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of Vienna; Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick A Zöhrer
- Faculty of Lifesciences, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Doberer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rodrig Marculescu
- Clinical Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrew C Bulmer
- School of Medical Science and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Heinz Freisling
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Ali A Moazzami
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karl-Heinz Wagner
- Faculty of Lifesciences, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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