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Makibatake R, Oda S, Yagi Y, Tatsumi H. Amyloid-β slows cilia movement along the ventricle, impairs fluid flow, and exacerbates its neurotoxicity in explant culture. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13586. [PMID: 37605005 PMCID: PMC10442439 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40742-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by extensive and selective death of neurons and deterioration of synapses and circuits in the brain. The Aβ1-42 concentration is higher in an AD brain than in cognitively normal elderly individuals, and Aβ1-42 exhibits neurotoxicity. Brain-derived Aβ is transported into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and CSF flow is driven in part by the beating of cilia and CSF secretion into ventricles. Ventricles are lined with ependyma whose apical surface is covered with motile cilia. Herein, we constructed an experimental system to measure the movement of ependymal cilia and examined the effects of Aβ1-42 to the beating of cilia and neurons. The circadian rhythm of the beating frequency of ependymal cilia was detected using brain wall explant-cultures containing ependymal cilia and neurons; the beating frequency was high at midday and low at midnight. Aβ1-42 decreased the peak frequency of ciliary beating at midday and slightly increased it at midnight. Aβ1-42 exhibited neurotoxicity to neurons on the non-ciliated side of the explant culture, while the neurotoxicity was less evident in neurons on the ciliated side. The neurotoxic effect of Aβ1-42 was diminished when 1 mPa of shear stress was generated using a flow chamber system that mimicked the flow by cilia. These results indicate that Aβ1-42 affects the circadian rhythm of ciliary beating, decreases the medium flow by the cilia-beating, and enhances the neurotoxic action of Aβ1-42 in the brain explant culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Makibatake
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Kanazawa Institute of Technology, Hakusan-shi, Ishikawa, 924-0838, Japan
| | - Sora Oda
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Kanazawa Institute of Technology, Hakusan-shi, Ishikawa, 924-0838, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yagi
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Kanazawa Institute of Technology, Hakusan-shi, Ishikawa, 924-0838, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tatsumi
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Kanazawa Institute of Technology, Hakusan-shi, Ishikawa, 924-0838, Japan.
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2
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Kronstadt SM, Patel DB, Born LJ, Levy D, Lerman MJ, Mahadik B, McLoughlin ST, Fasuyi A, Fowlkes L, Van Heyningen LH, Aranda A, Abadchi SN, Chang KH, Hsu ATW, Bengali S, Harmon JW, Fisher JP, Jay SM. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Culture within Perfusion Bioreactors Incorporating 3D-Printed Scaffolds Enables Improved Extracellular Vesicle Yield with Preserved Bioactivity. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300584. [PMID: 36930747 PMCID: PMC10505252 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are implicated as promising therapeutics and drug delivery vehicles in various diseases. However, successful clinical translation will depend on the development of scalable biomanufacturing approaches, especially due to the documented low levels of intrinsic EV-associated cargo that may necessitate repeated doses to achieve clinical benefit in certain applications. Thus, here the effects of a 3D-printed scaffold-perfusion bioreactor system are assessed on the production and bioactivity of EVs secreted from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a cell type widely implicated in generating EVs with therapeutic potential. The results indicate that perfusion bioreactor culture induces an ≈40-80-fold increase (depending on measurement method) in MSC EV production compared to conventional cell culture. Additionally, MSC EVs generated using the perfusion bioreactor system significantly improve wound healing in a diabetic mouse model, with increased CD31+ staining in wound bed tissue compared to animals treated with flask cell culture-generated MSC EVs. Overall, this study establishes a promising solution to a major EV translational bottleneck, with the capacity for tunability for specific applications and general improvement alongside advancements in 3D-printing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Kronstadt
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Divya B Patel
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Louis J Born
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Max J Lerman
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Bhushan Mahadik
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Shannon T McLoughlin
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Arafat Fasuyi
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Lauren Fowlkes
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | | | - Amaya Aranda
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Sanaz Nourmohammadi Abadchi
- Hendrix Burn and Wound Healing Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Kai-Hua Chang
- Hendrix Burn and Wound Healing Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Angela Ting Wei Hsu
- Hendrix Burn and Wound Healing Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Sameer Bengali
- Hendrix Burn and Wound Healing Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - John W Harmon
- Hendrix Burn and Wound Healing Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - John P Fisher
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Steven M Jay
- Program in Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
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Gonzalez BA, Herrera A, Ponce C, Gonzalez Perez M, Hsu CPD, Mirza A, Perez M, Ramaswamy S. Stem Cell-Secreted Allogeneic Elastin-Rich Matrix with Subsequent Decellularization for the Treatment of Critical Valve Diseases in the Young. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9100587. [PMID: 36290556 PMCID: PMC9598163 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9100587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Critical valve diseases in infants have a very poor prognosis for survival. Particularly challenging is for the valve replacement to support somatic growth. From a valve regenerative standpoint, bio-scaffolds have been extensively investigated recently. While bio-scaffold valves facilitate acute valve functionality, their xenogeneic properties eventually induce a hostile immune response. Our goal was to investigate if a bio-scaffold valve could be deposited with tissues derived from allogeneic stem cells, with a specific dynamic culture protocol to enhance the extracellular matrix (ECM) constituents, with subsequent stem cell removal. Porcine small intestinal submucosa (PSIS) tubular-shaped bio-scaffold valves were seeded with human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs), cultured statically for 8 days, and then exposed to oscillatory fluid-induced shear stresses for two weeks. The valves were then safely decellularized to remove the hBMMSCs while retaining their secreted ECM. This de novo ECM was found to include significantly higher (p < 0.05) levels of elastin compared to the ECM produced by the hBMMSCs under standard rotisserie culture. The elastin-rich valves consisted of ~8% elastin compared to the ~10% elastin composition of native heart valves. Allogeneic elastin promotes chemotaxis thereby accelerating regeneration and can support somatic growth by rapidly integrating with the host following implantation. As a proof-of-concept of accelerated regeneration, we found that valve interstitial cells (VICs) secreted significantly more (p < 0.05) collagen on the elastin-rich matrix compared to the raw PSIS bio-scaffold.
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Zhao Y, Richardson K, Yang R, Bousraou Z, Lee YK, Fasciano S, Wang S. Notch signaling and fluid shear stress in regulating osteogenic differentiation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1007430. [PMID: 36277376 PMCID: PMC9581166 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1007430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common bone and metabolic disease that is characterized by bone density loss and microstructural degeneration. Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells with the potential to differentiate into various cell types, including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes, which have been utilized extensively in the field of bone tissue engineering and cell-based therapy. Although fluid shear stress plays an important role in bone osteogenic differentiation, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this effect remain poorly understood. Here, a locked nucleic acid (LNA)/DNA nanobiosensor was exploited to monitor mRNA gene expression of hMSCs that were exposed to physiologically relevant fluid shear stress to examine the regulatory role of Notch signaling during osteogenic differentiation. First, the effects of fluid shear stress on cell viability, proliferation, morphology, and osteogenic differentiation were investigated and compared. Our results showed shear stress modulates hMSCs morphology and osteogenic differentiation depending on the applied shear and duration. By incorporating this LNA/DNA nanobiosensor and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, we further investigated the role of Notch signaling in regulating osteogenic differentiation. Pharmacological treatment is applied to disrupt Notch signaling to investigate the mechanisms that govern shear stress induced osteogenic differentiation. Our experimental results provide convincing evidence supporting that physiologically relevant shear stress regulates osteogenic differentiation through Notch signaling. Inhibition of Notch signaling mediates the effects of shear stress on osteogenic differentiation, with reduced ALP enzyme activity and decreased Dll4 mRNA expression. In conclusion, our results will add new information concerning osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs under shear stress and the regulatory role of Notch signaling. Further studies may elucidate the mechanisms underlying the mechanosensitive role of Notch signaling in stem cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, United States
| | - Kiarra Richardson
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Zoe Bousraou
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Yoo Kyoung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Samantha Fasciano
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Shue Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT, United States
- *Correspondence: Shue Wang,
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Yan G, Liu Y, Xie M, Shi J, Qiao W, Dong N. Experimental and computational models for tissue-engineered heart valves: a narrative review. BIOMATERIALS TRANSLATIONAL 2021; 2:361-375. [PMID: 35837412 PMCID: PMC9255799 DOI: 10.12336/biomatertransl.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Valvular heart disease is currently a common problem which causes high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Prosthetic valve replacements are widely needed to correct narrowing or backflow through the valvular orifice. Compared to mechanical valves and biological valves, tissue-engineered heart valves can be an ideal substitute because they have a low risk of thromboembolism and calcification, and the potential for remodelling, regeneration, and growth. In order to test the performance of these heart valves, various animal models and other models are needed to optimise the structure and function of tissue-engineered heart valves, which may provide a potential mechanism responsible for substantial enhancement in tissue-engineered heart valves. Choosing the appropriate model for evaluating the performance of the tissue-engineered valve is important, as different models have their own advantages and disadvantages. In this review, we summarise the current state-of-the-art animal models, bioreactors, and computational simulation models with the aim of creating more strategies for better development of tissue-engineered heart valves. This review provides an overview of major factors that influence the selection and design of a model for tissue-engineered heart valve. Continued efforts in improving and testing models for valve regeneration remain crucial in basic science and translational researches. Future research should focus on finding the right animal model and developing better in vitro testing systems for tissue-engineered heart valve.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Weihua Qiao
- Corresponding authors: Weihua Qiao, ; Nianguo Dong,
| | - Nianguo Dong
- Corresponding authors: Weihua Qiao, ; Nianguo Dong,
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