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Lombardo G, Mondelli V, Worrell C, Sforzini L, Mariani N, Nikkheslat N, Nettis MA, Kose M, Zajkowska Z, Cattaneo A, Pointon L, Turner L, Cowen PJ, Drevets WC, Cavanagh J, Harrison NA, Bullmore ET, Dazzan P, Pariante CM. Disturbed sex hormone milieu in males and females with major depressive disorder and low-grade inflammation. J Affect Disord 2024; 356:167-176. [PMID: 38494137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Sex hormones have biological effects on inflammation, and these might contribute to the sex-specific features of depression. C-reactive protein (CRP) is the most widely used inflammatory biomarker and consistent evidence shows a significant proportion (20-30 %) of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) have CRP levels above 3 mg/L, a threshold indicating at least low-grade inflammation. Here, we investigate the interplay between sex hormones and CRP in the cross-sectional, observational Biomarkers in Depression Study. We measured serum high-sensitivity (hs-)CRP, in 64 healthy controls and 178 MDD patients, subdivided into those with hs-CRP below 3 mg/L (low-CRP; 53 males, 72 females) and with hs-CRP above 3 mg/L (high-CRP; 19 males, 34 females). We also measured interleukin-6, testosterone, 17-β-estradiol (E2), progesterone, sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG), follicle-stimulating and luteinising hormones, and calculated testosterone-to-E2 ratio (T/E2), free androgen and estradiol indexes (FAI, FEI), and testosterone secretion index. In males, high-CRP patients had lower testosterone than controls (p = 0.001), and lower testosterone (p = 0.013), T/E2 (p < 0.001), and higher FEI (p = 0.015) than low-CRP patients. In females, high-CRP patients showed lower SHGB levels than controls (p = 0.033) and low-CRP patients (p = 0.034). The differences in testosterone, T/E2 ratio, and FEI levels in males survived the Benjamini-Hochberg FDR correction. In linear regression analyses, testosterone (β = -1.069 p = 0.033) predicted CRP concentrations (R2 = 0.252 p = 0.002) in male patients, and SHBG predicted CRP levels (β = -0.628 p = 0.009, R2 = 0.172 p = 0.003) in female patients. These findings may guide future research investigating interactions between gonadal and immune systems in depression, and the potential of hormonal therapies in MDD with inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Lombardo
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, SE5 9RT, UK.
| | - Valeria Mondelli
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, SE5 9RT, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London
| | - Courtney Worrell
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, SE5 9RT, UK
| | - Luca Sforzini
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, SE5 9RT, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London
| | - Nicole Mariani
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, SE5 9RT, UK
| | - Naghmeh Nikkheslat
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, SE5 9RT, UK
| | - Maria A Nettis
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, SE5 9RT, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Melisa Kose
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, SE5 9RT, UK
| | - Zuzanna Zajkowska
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, SE5 9RT, UK
| | - Annamaria Cattaneo
- Biological Psychiatric Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Linda Pointon
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - Lorinda Turner
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - Philip J Cowen
- University of Oxford Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
| | - Wayne C Drevets
- Janssen Research & Development, Neuroscience Therapeutic Area, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Jonathan Cavanagh
- Centre for Immunobiology, University of Glasgow and Sackler Institute of Psychobiological Research, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - Neil A Harrison
- School of Medicine, School of Psychology, Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Edward T Bullmore
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - Paola Dazzan
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, SE5 9RT, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London
| | - Carmine M Pariante
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, SE5 9RT, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London
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Moosazadeh M, Ebrahimnejad P, Kheradmand M, Modanloo M, Mardanshah F, Mahboobi S, Rostamian M, Safajoo A, Dehghanzadegan M, kianmehr F. Association Between Smoking and Lipid Profile in Men Aged 35 to 70 Years: Dose-Response Analysis. Am J Mens Health 2024; 18:15579883241249655. [PMID: 38742733 PMCID: PMC11095195 DOI: 10.1177/15579883241249655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is linked to various health complications, including cardiovascular disease and inflammation. This study aimed to assess the association between smoking and lipid profile in the Tabari cohort population. Data from the Tabari Cohort Study involving 4,149 men were analyzed. A standardized questionnaire collected smoking history, while blood samples measured lipid levels and anthropometric measurements were recorded. Statistical analysis utilized chi-square tests and logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders. The prevalence of smoking was 893 (21.52%; urban: 20.6%, mountainous: 23.8%, significant level: .024). The adjusted odds ratio (OR) of low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) among smokers 1.48 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.25-1.77, p < .001) was the same as non-smokers. The adjusted OR of high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in men with 1 to 10, 11 to 20, and more than 20 cigarettes per day was 0.95 (95% CI: 0.73-1.25), 1.30 (95% CI: 0.99-1.71), and 2.64 (95% CI: 1.32-5.27) and low HDL was equal to 1.34 (95% CI: 1.06-1.68), 1.61 (95% CI: 1.26-2.05), and 2.24 (95% CI: 1.13-4.42) compared with non-smokers, respectively. The study findings indicate that smoking is associated with lower HDL levels, even after adjusting for potential confounders. The odds of low HDL and high LDL increases with higher smoking intensity. The low HDL and high LDL levels in individuals smoking over 20 cigarettes/day, respectively, show a 2.24-fold and a 2.64-fold increased odds compared to non-smokers. These findings highlight the importance of smoking cessation in relation to lipid profiles and related health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Moosazadeh
- Gastrointestitional Cancer Research Center, Non-Communicable Disease Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Pedram Ebrahimnejad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Motahareh Kheradmand
- Health Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mona Modanloo
- Deputy of Research and Technology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mardanshah
- Deputy of Research and Technology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Shamim Mahboobi
- Deputy of Research and Technology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mehrasa Rostamian
- Deputy of Research and Technology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Aysa Safajoo
- Deputy of Research and Technology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Marzieh Dehghanzadegan
- Deputy of Research and Technology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fatemeh kianmehr
- Deputy of Research and Technology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Chen Z, Zhang E, Gan L, Jiang G, Duan Q, Huang M, Li H, Huang G. Analysis of the association between testosterone and cardiovascular disease potential risk factor apolipoprotein B in adult males without cancer: national health and nutrition examination survey 2011-2016. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1304344. [PMID: 38435750 PMCID: PMC10905265 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1304344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Over the years, there has been extensive exploration of the association between testosterone and lipid profiles, yet the precise mechanisms underlying their interaction remain incompletely elucidated. Similarly, there is a dearth of research on the correlation between serum apolipoprotein B (apoB) and serum total testosterone (TT), particularly within specific populations. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the relationship between serum TT concentration and serum apoB concentration. Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2016, we employed weighted generalized linear models, weighted univariate, weighted multivariate analysis, and smooth curve fitting to assist in exploring the relationship between serum TT and apoB. Serum apoB concentration served as the independent variable, and serum TT concentration as the dependent variable. ApoB was divided into four quartiles-Q1 (<0.7g/L, N=691), Q2 (≥0.7g/L to <0.9g/L, N=710), Q3 (≥0.9g/L to <1.1g/L, N=696), and Q4 (≥1.1g/L, N=708)-thereby further solidifying the stable association between the two. Additionally, the application of smooth curve fitting will contribute to a more detailed elucidation of the specific relationship between serum TT concentration and serum apoB concentration under different factors (Drinking, Smoke, Diabetes, Hypertension, and High cholesterol level.). Results The results indicate a negative correlation between serum TT concentration and apoB concentration (β=-113.4; 95% CI: -146.6, -80.2; P<0.001). After adjusting for confounding variables, the negative correlation between apoB concentration and TT concentration remains significant (β=-61.0; 95% CI: -116.7, -5.2; P=0.040). When apoB concentration was converted from a continuous variable to a categorical variable (quartiles: Q1<0.7g/L; Q2:≥0.7g/L to<0.9g/L; Q3:≥0.9g/L to <1.1g/L; Q4: ≥1.1g/L), TT level of participants in the highest quartile (≥1.1g/L) was -47.2 pg/mL (95% CI: -91.2, -3.3; P=0.045) lower than that in the lowest quartile (<0.7g/L). The smooth curve fitting diagram revealed differences in the relationship between TT concentration and apoB among individuals with different cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Conclusions This study elucidates a robust inverse correlation between serum TT concentration and apoB concentration, maintaining statistical significance even upon adjustment for confounding factors. These findings present a promising avenue for addressing the prevention and treatment of low testosterone and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Chen
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Enpu Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ganggang Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qilin Duan
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mou Huang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huizhen Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guixiao Huang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Bi L, Wang C, Du Y, Lu C, Zhao M, Ding Y, Sun W, Fan W. Causal Effects of Lipids-Related Metabolites on Androgenic Alopecia: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2024; 17:409-416. [PMID: 38371329 PMCID: PMC10871140 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s445453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate whether increased levels of lipids-related metabolites (LRMs) result in androgenic alopecia (AGA). Patients and Methods A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was designed, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) respectively related to nine LRMs were selected from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) dataset. An MR analysis was performed to assess the causal association between LRMs and AGA. Results Through the fixed-effect inverse variance weighting (IVW) method, MR analysis indicated that Apolipoprotein B (ApoB), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) had a causal relationship with AGA. No obvious heterogeneity or pleiotropy was observed. Conclusion The risk of AGA increases significantly when the serum levels of ApoB, LDL, and VLDL increase. This causal relationship is solid and free of interference from confounding factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingbo Bi
- Department of Dermatology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaofan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yimei Du
- Department of Dermatology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changpei Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunbu Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiling Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weixin Fan
- Department of Dermatology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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Yin L, Qi S, Zhu Z. Advances in mitochondria-centered mechanism behind the roles of androgens and androgen receptor in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1267170. [PMID: 37900128 PMCID: PMC10613047 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1267170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have reported that androgens and androgen receptors (AR) play important roles in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Impaired glucose and lipid metabolism and the development of obesity-related diseases have been found in either hypogonadal men or male rodents with androgen deficiency. Exogenous androgens supplementation can effectively improve these disorders, but the mechanism by which androgens regulate glucose and lipid metabolism has not been fully elucidated. Mitochondria, as powerhouses within cells, are key organelles influencing glucose and lipid metabolism. Evidence from both pre-clinical and clinical studies has reported that the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism by androgens/AR is strongly associated with the impact on the content and function of mitochondria, but few studies have systematically reported the regulatory effect and the molecular mechanism. In this paper, we review the effect of androgens/AR on mitochondrial content, morphology, quality control system, and function, with emphases on molecular mechanisms. Additionally, we discuss the sex-dimorphic effect of androgens on mitochondria. This paper provides a theoretical basis for shedding light on the influence and mechanism of androgens on glucose and lipid metabolism and highlights the mitochondria-based explanation for the sex-dimorphic effect of androgens on glucose and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Yin
- School of Sport, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuo Qi
- School of Sport Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhu
- School of Sport, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Dutta D, Liu J, Xiong H. The Impact of COVID-19 on People Living with HIV-1 and HIV-1-Associated Neurological Complications. Viruses 2023; 15:1117. [PMID: 37243203 PMCID: PMC10223371 DOI: 10.3390/v15051117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative pathogen of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a fatal respiratory illness. The associated risk factors for COVID-19 are old age and medical comorbidities. In the current combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) era, a significant portion of people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) with controlled viremia is older and with comorbidities, making these people vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19-associated severe outcomes. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 is neurotropic and causes neurological complications, resulting in a health burden and an adverse impact on PLWH and exacerbating HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). The impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity on neuroinflammation, the development of HAND and preexisting HAND is poorly explored. In the present review, we compiled the current knowledge of differences and similarities between SARS-CoV-2 and HIV-1, the conditions of the SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 and HIV-1/AIDS syndemic and their impact on the central nervous system (CNS). Risk factors of COVID-19 on PLWH and neurological manifestations, inflammatory mechanisms leading to the neurological syndrome, the development of HAND, and its influence on preexisting HAND are also discussed. Finally, we have reviewed the challenges of the present syndemic on the world population, with a particular emphasis on PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debashis Dutta
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5880, USA
| | | | - Huangui Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5880, USA
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Age-related decrease in serum dihydrotestosterone concentration is accompanied by impaired vascular status. Exp Gerontol 2023; 173:112104. [PMID: 36693531 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The effect of androgens on the cardiovascular system in humans is ambiguous. Moreover, still little is known about the effects of the most potent androgen, dihydrotestosterone, on arterial stiffness and endothelial function. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether age-dependent alterations in serum concentration of dihydrotestosterone and its circulating metabolite are accompanied by changes in endothelial function and arterial stiffness. METHODS In 12 young and 11 older men, basal serum concentrations of testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHAE-S), androstenedione (AE), dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and androstanediol glucuronide (ADG) were analyzed in relation to vascular status including cIMT - carotid intima media thickness, cAI - central augmentation index, crPWV - carotid radial pulse wave velocity, SI - stiffness index, endothelial and inflammatory markers. RESULTS Although concentration of testosterone was not different between young and older group, it was demonstrated that DHT, DHEA-S, AE and ADG were significantly lower in older men in comparison to young men (p < 0.01). Interestingly the most surprising difference was found for DHT concentration, that was as much as 61 % lower in aged men that displayed significantly higher values of cIMT, AI, crPWV and SI (p < 10-4), suggestive of arterial stiffness. Furthermore, DHT was negatively correlated to all arterial wall parameters (cAI, crPWV, SI and cIMT), c-reactive protein (CRP) and hyaluronic acid (HA) concentration, as well as positively correlated to markers of endothelial function (MNA and 6-keto-PGF1α) in all studied individuals (n = 23). CONCLUSIONS We have shown that ageing leads to a significant decrease in DHT concentration that is accompanied by impaired arterial wall characteristics and worsened endothelial function. Therefore more attention should be paid to the DHT, DHEA-S and ADG concentrations as a biomarkers for vascular dysfunction in ageing men.
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Grandys M, Majerczak J, Frolow M, Chlopicki S, Zoladz JA. Training-induced impairment of endothelial function in track and field female athletes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3502. [PMID: 36859449 PMCID: PMC9977863 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30165-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Professional athletes are often exposed to high training loads that may lead to overfatigue, overreaching and overtraining that might have a detrimental effects on vascular health. We determined the effects of high training stress on endothelial function assessed by the flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and markers of glycocalyx shedding. Vascular examination as well as broad biochemical, hormonal and cardiometabolic evaluation of sprint and middle-distance female runners were performed after 2 months of preparatory training period and compared to age-matched control group of women. Female athletes presented with significantly reduced FMD (p < 0.01) and higher basal serum concentrations of hyaluronan (HA) and syndecan-1 (SDC-1) (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively), that was accompanied by significantly lower basal serum testosterone (T) and free testosterone (fT) concentrations (p < 0.05) and higher cortisol (C) concentration (p < 0.05). It resulted in significantly lower T/C and fT/C ratios in athletes when compared to controls (p < 0.01). Moreover, fT/C ratio were significantly positively correlated to FMD and negatively to HA concentrations in all studied women. Accordingly, the training load was significantly negatively correlated with T/C, fT/C and FMD and positively with the concentrations of HA and SDC-1. We concluded that young female track and field athletes subjected to physical training developed impairment of endothelial function that was associated with anabolic-catabolic hormone balance disturbances. Given that training-induced impairment of endothelial function may have a detrimental effects on vascular health, endothelial status should be regularly monitored in the time-course of training process to minimalize vascular health-risk in athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Grandys
- Chair of Exercise Physiology and Muscle Bioenergetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Ul. Skawinska 8, 31-066, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Joanna Majerczak
- Chair of Exercise Physiology and Muscle Bioenergetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Ul. Skawinska 8, 31-066, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marzena Frolow
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.,Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Chair of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jerzy A Zoladz
- Chair of Exercise Physiology and Muscle Bioenergetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Ul. Skawinska 8, 31-066, Krakow, Poland.
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Ragab A, Ahmed MH, Reda Sayed A, EldinAbdelbary DAK, GamalEl Din SF. Serum nesfatin-1 level in men with diabetes and erectile dysfunction correlates with generalized anxiety disorder-7: A prospective comparative study. Andrology 2023; 11:307-315. [PMID: 35871269 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current studies have suggested a close link between nesfatin-1, an appetite-related neuropeptide and gonadal hormones. OBJECTIVES We investigated the association between nesfatin-1 serum level and erectile dysfunction severity in men with diabetes as well as the generalized anxiety disorder-7 questionnaire, the patient health questionnaire-9, serum testosterone, kidney and liver functions, glycated haemoglobin and lipid profile. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-five participants between 30 and 60 years were enrolled, 25 erectile dysfunction patients with type 2 diabetes (group I), 21 with diabetes and preserved erectile function (group II) and 29 healthy controls (group III). Erectile dysfunction status and severity were determined by the Arabic version of the international index of erectile function-5 for all the participants. Psychological wellbeing was checked by the generalized anxiety disorder-7 questionnaire and the patient health questionnaire-9. Finally, participants were evaluated for serum nesfatin-1, serum testosterone, kidney and liver functions, glycated haemoglobin and lipid profile. RESULTS Serum nesfatin-1 levels were significantly lower in groups I and II compared to the controls. The international index of erectile function-5 scores had shown significant correlations with serum nesfatin-1, serum testosterone, generalized anxiety disorder-7, patient health questionnaire-9, diastolic blood pressure, glycated haemoglobin, triglycerides, creatinine and albumin/creatinine ratio. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that serum nesfatin-1 ≥ 0.62 ng/ml, serum testosterone ≥2.9 ng/ml, generalized anxiety disorder-7 score ≥7.5, patient health questionnaire-9 score ≥5, glycated hemoglobin ≥6.4%, triglycerides ≥ 144 mg/dl, creatinine ≥ 0.85 mg/dl and albumin/creatinine ratio ≥ 26.5 are useful predictors of erectile dysfunction in men with type 2 diabetes, and the area under the curve for those variables was respectively 0.83, 0.76, 1, 0.75, 0.88, 0.72, 0.67 and 0.77. Finally, a linear regression analysis revealed that generalized anxiety disorder-7 was the only strong independent predictor of the international index of erectile function-5 (p < 0.001). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Nesfatin-1 can be used as a biomarker for the severity of anxiety in erectile dysfunction patients with diabetes. Use of this molecule in treatment of diabetes and erectile dysfunction should be strengthened by larger studies. Psychiatric care must be offered to patients with diabetes and erectile dysfunction and low serum nesfatin-1 as they experience intense anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ragab
- Department of Andrology, Sexology and STDs, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Hassan Ahmed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Reda Sayed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | | | - Sameh Fayek GamalEl Din
- Department of Andrology, Sexology and STDs, Kasr Al-Ainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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10
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Hamam A, Abou-Omar M, Rabah H, Khattab H, Alaarag A. Worsening effect of testosterone deficiency on males with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:321. [PMID: 36529735 PMCID: PMC9761962 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01249-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF)is challenging. Patients usually have normal LV size and ejection fraction. This clinical syndrome develops from a complex interaction of several risk factors that cause organ dysfunction and clinical symptoms. There's evidence that testosterone deficiency is associated with a worse cardiometabolic profile and increased inflammatory markers. We thought that these changes might have an impact on heart failure pathogenesis. We aimed to study the relationship between testosterone level and symptoms in HFpEF. METHODS We studied 120 male patients with HFpEF. According to New York Heart Association (NYHA), patients were classified into I, II and III classes; class IV patients were excluded. All patients were subjected to clinical and echocardiographic examinations. In addition, we measured serum testosterone, cardio-metabolic profile, intracellular adhesive molecule-1(ICAM-1), P-selectin and nitric oxide (NO) levels. RESULTS Patients with testosterone deficiency had worse NYHA class and higher BNP P = (0.001). Additionally, they had a significantly worse metabolic profile; higher total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR P = (0.005, 0.001, 0.001, 0.001), respectively. Also, they had higher inflammatory markers and worse endothelial functional parameters; (ICAM-1, NO and P- selectin) P = (0.001). Age, BNP and testosterone deficiency can be used as independent predictors of NYHA class III symptoms with a Testosterone cutoff value of 2.7 ng/ml. CONCLUSION Testosterone deficiency could be used as an independent predictor of symptom severity in HFpEF, and it aggravates systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hamam
- Department of internal medicine, Armed Forces College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Abou-Omar
- Cardiovascular medicine department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, 31511, Egypt
| | - Hanem Rabah
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of medical biochemistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Haidy Khattab
- Faculty of Medicine Department of medical physiology, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Alaarag
- Cardiovascular medicine department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, 31511, Egypt.
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11
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Cardiometabolic side effects of androgen deprivation therapy in prostate cancer. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 2022; 16:216-222. [PMID: 36349380 DOI: 10.1097/spc.0000000000000624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) is widely employed for treatment of advanced prostate cancer and it is considered the frontline therapy. However, the numerous adverse reactions associated with this treatment option are concerning and its potential association with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) should not be overlooked. In this review, we examine the literature on the cardiovascular side effects of ADT and the physiologic mechanisms underpinning the association with CVD. We will also specifically discuss the different findings regarding the interesting potential disparity in major cardiovascular events among GnRH agonist-treated patients compared with patients undergoing GnRH antagonist treatment. RECENT FINDINGS Androgen-deprivation therapy increases the risk of developing CVD by altering the body composition, metabolism, vascular system, and cardiac physiology. GnRH agonists may pose a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity than GnRH antagonists; however, this link remains to be determined. Furthermore, screening for cardiovascular risk factors before and during ADT treatment is a crucial step in preventing major adverse cardiac events in prostate cancer patients. Notably, preexisting CVD and comorbidities have been identified as major key elements predicting cardiovascular events. Early implementation of pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment strategies is strongly suggested, and regular follow-up visits should be scheduled to continuously assess patients' cardiovascular risk under ADT. SUMMARY ADT is a very powerful treatment option for advanced prostate cancer that improves survival outcomes but has the potential of considerably impacting patients' cardiovascular health. Medical optimization and close monitoring are crucial during treatment with ADT.
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Zmudzka M, Zoladz JA, Majerczak J. The impact of aging and physical training on angiogenesis in the musculoskeletal system. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14228. [PMID: 36348663 PMCID: PMC9637352 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the physiological process of capillary growth. It is strictly regulated by the balanced activity of agents that promote the formation of capillaries (pro-angiogenic factors) on the one hand and inhibit their growth on the other hand (anti-angiogenic factors). Capillary rarefaction and insufficient angiogenesis are some of the main causes that limit blood flow during aging, whereas physical training is a potent non-pharmacological method to intensify capillary growth in the musculoskeletal system. The main purpose of this study is to present the current state of knowledge concerning the key signalling molecules implicated in the regulation of skeletal muscle and bone angiogenesis during aging and physical training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Zmudzka
- Chair of Exercise Physiology and Muscle Bioenergetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jerzy A. Zoladz
- Chair of Exercise Physiology and Muscle Bioenergetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Majerczak
- Chair of Exercise Physiology and Muscle Bioenergetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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13
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Król M, Kupnicka P, Bosiacki M, Chlubek D. Mechanisms Underlying Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Cancer Properties of Stretching-A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710127. [PMID: 36077525 PMCID: PMC9456560 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stretching is one of the popular elements in physiotherapy and rehabilitation. When correctly guided, it can help minimize or slow down the disabling effects of chronic health conditions. Most likely, the benefits are associated with reducing inflammation; recent studies demonstrate that this effect from stretching is not just systemic but also local. In this review, we present the current body of knowledge on the anti-inflammatory properties of stretching at a molecular level. A total of 22 papers, focusing on anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties of stretching, have been selected and reviewed. We show the regulation of oxidative stress, the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory genes and mediators, and remodeling of the extracellular matrix, expressed by changes in collagen and matrix metalloproteinases levels, in tissues subjected to stretching. We point out that a better understanding of the anti-inflammatory properties of stretching may result in increasing its importance in treatment and recovery from diseases such as osteoarthritis, systemic sclerosis, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Król
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Patrycja Kupnicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Mateusz Bosiacki
- Chair and Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 54, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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14
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Evidence that Murciano-Granadina does with longer anogenital distance are more fertile and prolific and produce heavier and male-biased litters. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 244:107047. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.107047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Maurya S, Singh A. Asprosin modulates testicular functions during ageing in mice. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2022; 323-324:114036. [PMID: 35413306 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is a gradual and multi-factorial process with a significant impact on fertility. The mechanism of declined testicular functions with age remains elusive. Asprosin is a novel fasting-induced gluconeogenic adipokine that regulates glucose homeostasis. However, the expression and potential role of asprosin in testicular functions with age are largely unexplored. So, the current study was aimed to examine the variation in asprosin expression in the mice testis and its correlation with OLFR734 receptor, insulin receptor (IR), GLUT-8 and various steroidogenic markers at different stages of postnatal development. The result demonstrated the highest expression of asprosin in reproductively active mice, which decreased significantly in aged mice testis. Asprosin expression declined simultaneously with declining testosterone production, testicular glucose and expression of OLFR734, IR, GLUT-8 and AR in aged mice testis. This suggests that declining asprosin expression with advancing age may be a causative factor for regressive changes in the testis. Further, the present study also evaluated the in vitro effect of asprosin on testicular functions of aged mice testis. The results showed that asprosin treatment improves testicular functions by stimulating the expression of OLFR734, StAR, 3β-HSD,17β-HSD, IR, GLUT-8, MCT-2&4, PCNA, Bcl2 proteins alongwith increased testosterone, insulin and lactate biosynthesis. Collectively, these findings indicate that a marked decline in asprosin and its receptor OLFR734 expression may result in decreased insulin sensitivity and glucose transport, leading to regressive changes in aged mice testis. Treatment of asprosin can possibly restore the testicular functions of aged mice by augmenting the testosterone, insulin and glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Maurya
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - Ajit Singh
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India.
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Ortega MA, García-Montero C, Fraile-Martinez O, Alvarez-Mon MA, Gómez-Lahoz AM, Lahera G, Monserrat J, Rodriguez-Jimenez R, Quintero J, Álvarez-Mon M. Immune-Mediated Diseases from the Point of View of Psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11070973. [PMID: 36101354 PMCID: PMC9312038 DOI: 10.3390/biology11070973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are growing in prevalence and relevance in our society, entailing notable consequences for the individual and healthcare systems. These medical conditions are associated with a systemic inflammatory milieu and an aberrant functioning of the immune system, establishing a bidirectional interplay with other organs and systems of the body. Psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology (PNIE) is an area of great interest relating the immune system with the individual’s psyche, nervous, and endocrine system. As compelling evidence supports the pivotal role of PNIE in the understanding and clinical management of IMIDs, the aim of the present review is to deepen the current basic and clinical knowledge in this field. Abstract Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) represent a large group of diseases (Crohn’s, ulcerative colitis, psoriasis, lupus, and rheumatoid arthritis) evidenced by systemic inflammation and multiorgan involvement. IMIDs result in a reduced quality of life and an economic burden for individuals, health care systems, and countries. In this brief descriptive review, we will focus on some of the common biological pathways of these diseases from the point of view of psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology (PNIE). PNIE consists of four medical disciplines (psychology, nervous system, immune system, and endocrine system), which are key drivers behind the health–disease concept that a human being functions as a unit. We examine these drivers and emphasize the need for integrative treatments that addresses the disease from a psychosomatic point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (M.A.A.-M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Cielo García-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (M.A.A.-M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (M.A.A.-M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (M.A.A.-M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, 28031 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ana Maria Gómez-Lahoz
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (M.A.A.-M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Lahera
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (M.A.A.-M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Psychiatry Service, Center for Biomedical Research in the Mental Health Network, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias (CIBERSAM), 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Jorge Monserrat
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (M.A.A.-M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Rodriguez-Jimenez
- Department of Legal Medicine and Psychiatry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Institute for Health Research 12 de Octubre Hospital, (Imas 12)/CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Quintero
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, 28031 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Legal Medicine and Psychiatry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Melchor Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (M.A.A.-M.); (A.M.G.-L.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology, Oncology Service an Internal Medicine, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, (CIBEREHD), 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
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Eltokhi A, Sommer IE. A Reciprocal Link Between Gut Microbiota, Inflammation and Depression: A Place for Probiotics? Front Neurosci 2022; 16:852506. [PMID: 35546876 PMCID: PMC9081810 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.852506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a severe mental disorder that places a significant economic burden on public health. The reciprocal link between the trillions of bacteria in the gut, the microbiota, and depression is a controversial topic in neuroscience research and has drawn the attention of public interest and press coverage in recent years. Mounting pieces of evidence shed light on the role of the gut microbiota in depression, which is suggested to involve immune, endocrine, and neural pathways that are the main components of the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The gut microbiota play major roles in brain development and physiology and ultimately behavior. The bidirectional communication between the gut microbiota and brain function has been extensively explored in animal models of depression and clinical research in humans. Certain gut microbiota strains have been associated with the pathophysiology of depression. Therefore, oral intake of probiotics, the beneficial living bacteria and yeast, may represent a therapeutic approach for depression treatment. In this review, we summarize the findings describing the possible links between the gut microbiota and depression, focusing mainly on the inflammatory markers and sex hormones. By discussing preclinical and clinical studies on probiotics as a supplementary therapy for depression, we suggest that probiotics may be beneficial in alleviating depressive symptoms, possibly through immune modulation. Still, further comprehensive studies are required to draw a more solid conclusion regarding the efficacy of probiotics and their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Eltokhi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Iris E Sommer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Interplay between Inflammation and Pathological Bone Resorption: Insights into Recent Mechanisms and Pathways in Related Diseases for Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031786. [PMID: 35163708 PMCID: PMC8836472 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is a mineralized and elastic connective tissue that provides fundamental functions in the human body, including mechanical support to the muscles and joints, protection of vital organs and storage of minerals. Bone is a metabolically active organ that undergoes continuous remodeling processes to maintain its architecture, shape, and function throughout life. One of the most important medical discoveries of recent decades has been that the immune system is involved in bone remodeling. Indeed, chronic inflammation has been recognized as the most significant factor influencing bone homeostasis, causing a shift in the bone remodeling process toward pathological bone resorption. Bone osteolytic diseases typified by excessive bone resorption account for one of the greatest causes of disability worldwide, with significant economic and public health burdens. From this perspective, we discuss the recent findings and discoveries highlighting the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate this process in the bone microenvironment, in addition to the current therapeutic strategies for the treatment of osteolytic bone diseases.
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Protection against Osteoarthritis Symptoms by Aerobic Exercise with a High-Protein Diet by Reducing Inflammation in a Testosterone-Deficient Animal Model. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020177. [PMID: 35207465 PMCID: PMC8875430 DOI: 10.3390/life12020177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A testosterone deficiency potentially increases osteoarthritis (OA) symptoms, and dietary protein and exercise affect them. However, their efficacy and their interactions are still unclear. We hypothesized that a high-protein diet (HPD) and regular exercise modulated OA symptoms in testosterone-deficient rats, and it was examined in bilateral orchidectomized (ORX) and monoiodoacetate (MIA)-injected rats. The ORX rats were given a 30 energy percent (En%) protein (HPD) or 17.5 En% protein (CD). Both groups had 39 En% fat in the diet. Non-ORX-CD rats (sham-operation of ORX) were given the CD and no exercise (normal control). After an eight-week intervention, all rats had an injection of MIA into the left knee, and the treatments were continued for an additional four weeks. The non-ORX-CD rats showed a significant increase in body weight compared to the ORX rats, but the ORX rats had elevated fat mass. ORX exacerbated the glucose tolerance by lowering the serum insulin concentrations and increasing insulin resistance. ORX exacerbated the OA symptoms more than the non-ORX-CD. The HPD and exercise improved bone mineral density and glucose metabolism without changing serum testosterone concentrations, while only exercise increased the lean body mass and decreased fat mass, lipid peroxide, and inflammation. Exercise, but not HPD, reduced the OA symptoms, the weight distribution in the left leg, and running velocity and provided better relief than the non-ORX-CD rats. Exercise with HPD improved the histology of the knee joint in the left leg. Exercise reduced lipid peroxide contents and TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA expression in the articular cartilage, while exercise with HPD decreased MMP-3 and MMP-13 mRNA expression as much as in the non-ORX-CD group. In conclusion, moderate aerobic exercise with HPD alleviated OA symptoms and articular cartilage degradation in a similar way in the non-ORX rats with OA by alleviating inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Could Lower Testosterone in Older Men Explain Higher COVID-19 Morbidity and Mortalities? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020935. [PMID: 35055119 PMCID: PMC8781054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The health scourge imposed on humanity by the COVID-19 pandemic seems not to recede. This fact warrants refined and novel ideas analyzing different aspects of the illness. One such aspect is related to the observation that most COVID-19 casualties were older males, a tendency also noticed in the epidemics of SARS-CoV in 2003 and the Middle East respiratory syndrome in 2012. This gender-related difference in the COVID-19 death toll might be directly involved with testosterone (TEST) and its plasmatic concentration in men. TEST has been demonstrated to provide men with anti-inflammatory and immunological advantages. As the plasmatic concentration of this androgen decreases with age, the health benefit it confers also diminishes. Low plasmatic levels of TEST can be determinant in the infection’s outcome and might be related to a dysfunctional cell Ca2+ homeostasis. Not only does TEST modulate the activity of diverse proteins that regulate cellular calcium concentrations, but these proteins have also been proven to be necessary for the replication of many viruses. Therefore, we discuss herein how TEST regulates different Ca2+-handling proteins in healthy tissues and propose how low TEST concentrations might facilitate the replication of the SARS-CoV-2 virus through the lack of modulation of the mechanisms that regulate intracellular Ca2+ concentrations.
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Li Y, Liu M, Cui Y, Zhu Z, Chen J, Zeng F, Gao M, Li Y, Huang F, Chen H. Increased risk of testosterone deficiency is associated with the systemic immune-inflammation index: a population-based cohort study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:974773. [PMID: 36051392 PMCID: PMC9424499 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.974773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the relationship between serum testosterone levels and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII). METHODS Complete SII and serum testosterone data of men over 20 years of age were retrieved from the 2011-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to conduct a prevalence survey. To calculate SII, the platelet count was multiplied by the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte count ratio. Isotope dilution liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry were employed to measure serum testosterone concentration. Testosterone deficiency (TD) was defined as a serum testosterone level ≤ 300ng/dl. Weighted proportions and multivariable regression analyses were used to analyze the association between SII and TD. RESULTS Overall, the data of 7389 participants were analyzed, The SII ranged from 1.53 - 6297.60. Of the participants, 28.42% had a low serum testosterone level (≤ 300 ng/dl). In the fully adjusted multivariable logistic model, the second quartile (OR: 1.27, p = 0.0737), the third quartile (OR: 1.43, p = 0.0090), and the fourth quartile (OR:1.48, p = 0.0042) of SII significantly increased the TD incidence rate, with the lowest quartile of the SII as a reference. For subgroup analysis, statistically significant associations were observed in participants aged 20-40, obese, non-hypertensive, and non-diabetic. The interaction test revealed no significant effect on this connection. CONCLUSIONS There was a positive relationship between a high SII and an increased prevalence of TD in a nationwide sample of adult men in the United States. Further prospective studies on a larger scale are warranted to confirm the causality between SII and TD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Li
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Minghui Liu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Cui
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zewu Zhu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinbo Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Zeng
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Hequn Chen, ; Fang Huang,
| | - Hequn Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Hequn Chen, ; Fang Huang,
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