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Zhang Z, Mocanu V, Deehan EC, Hotte N, Zhu Y, Wei S, Kao DH, Karmali S, Birch DW, Walter J, Madsen KL. Recipient microbiome-related features predicting metabolic improvement following fecal microbiota transplantation in adults with severe obesity and metabolic syndrome: a secondary analysis of a phase 2 clinical trial. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2345134. [PMID: 38685731 PMCID: PMC11062372 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2345134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial-based therapeutics in clinical practice are of considerable interest, and a recent study demonstrated fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) followed by dietary fiber supplements improved glucose homeostasis. Previous evidence suggests that donor and recipient compatibility and FMT protocol are key determinants, but little is known about the involvement of specific recipient factors. Using data from our recent randomized placebo-control phase 2 clinical trial in adults with obesity and metabolic syndrome, we grouped participants that received FMT from one of 4 donors with either fiber supplement into HOMA-IR responders (n = 21) and HOMA-IR non-responders (n = 8). We further assessed plasma bile acids using targeted metabolomics and performed subgroup analyzes to evaluate the effects of recipient parameters and gastrointestinal factors on microbiota engraftment and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) response. The baseline fecal microbiota composition at genus level of recipients could predict the improvements in HOMA2-IR at week 6 (ROC-AUC = 0.70). Prevotella was identified as an important predictor, with responders having significantly lower relative abundance than non-responders (p = .02). In addition, recipients displayed a highly individualized degree of microbial engraftment from donors. Compared to the non-responders, the responders had significantly increased bacterial richness (Chao1) after FMT and a more consistent engraftment of donor-specific bacteria ASVs (amplicon sequence variants) such as Faecalibacillus intestinalis (ASV44), Roseburia spp. (ASV103), and Christensenellaceae spp. (ASV140) (p < .05). Microbiota engraftment was strongly associated with recipients' factors at baseline including initial gut microbial diversity, fiber and nutrient intakes, inflammatory markers, and bile acid derivative levels. This study identified that responders to FMT therapy had a higher engraftment rate in the transplantation of specific donor-specific microbes, which were strongly correlated with insulin sensitivity improvements. Further, the recipient baseline gut microbiota and related factors were identified as the determinants for responsiveness to FMT and fiber supplementation. The findings provide a basis for the development of precision microbial therapeutics for the treatment of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxiao Zhang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Valentin Mocanu
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Edward C. Deehan
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Naomi Hotte
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Yuanyuan Zhu
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shanshan Wei
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Dina H. Kao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shahzeer Karmali
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Daniel W. Birch
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jens Walter
- APC Microbiome Ireland, School of Microbiology and Department of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Karen L. Madsen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Sakda P, Xiang X, Song Z, Wu Y, Zhou L. Impact of Season on Intestinal Bacterial Communities and Pathogenic Diversity in Two Captive Duck Species. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3879. [PMID: 38136916 PMCID: PMC10740475 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Vertebrates and their gut bacteria interact in complex and mutually beneficial ways. The intestinal microbial composition is influenced by several external influences. In addition to food, the abiotic elements of the environment, such as temperature, humidity, and seasonal fluctuation are also important determinants. Fecal samples were collected from two captive duck species, Baikal teal (Sibirionetta formosa) and common teal (Anas crecca) across four seasons (summer, autumn, winter, and spring). These ducks were consistently fed the same diet throughout the entire experiment. High throughput sequencing (Illumina Mi-seq) was employed to analyze the V4-V5 region of the 16sRNA gene. The dominant phyla in all seasons were Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. Interestingly, the alpha diversity was higher in winter for both species. The NMDS, PCoA, and ANOSIM analysis showed the distinct clustering of bacterial composition between different seasons, while no significant differences were discovered between duck species within the same season. In addition, LefSe analysis demonstrated specific biomarkers in different seasons, with the highest number revealed in winter. The co-occurrence network analysis also showed that during winter, the network illustrated a more intricate structure with the greatest number of nodes and edges. However, this study identified ten potentially pathogenic bacterial species, which showed significantly enhanced diversity and abundance throughout the summer. Overall, our results revealed that season mainly regulated the intestinal bacterial community composition and pathogenic bacteria of captive ducks under the instant diet. This study provides an important new understanding of the seasonal variations in captive wild ducks' intestinal bacterial community structure. The information available here may be essential data for preventing and controlling infections caused by pathogenic bacteria in captive waterbirds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patthanan Sakda
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China; (P.S.); (Z.S.); (Y.W.)
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Xingjia Xiang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China; (P.S.); (Z.S.); (Y.W.)
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
- Anhui Shengjin Lake Wetland Ecology National Long-Term Scientific Research Base, Chizhou 247230, China
| | - Zhongqiao Song
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China; (P.S.); (Z.S.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yuannuo Wu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China; (P.S.); (Z.S.); (Y.W.)
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Lizhi Zhou
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China; (P.S.); (Z.S.); (Y.W.)
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
- Anhui Shengjin Lake Wetland Ecology National Long-Term Scientific Research Base, Chizhou 247230, China
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Yin H, Luo B, Wang Q, Hong Z, Chen H, Shen L, Shen B, Hu B. Differences in Gut Microbiota between Healthy Individuals and Patients with Perianal Abscess before and after Surgery. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:1165916. [PMID: 37091905 PMCID: PMC10115528 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1165916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Surgery is the most important treatment for perianal abscesses. However, the gut microbiota of patients with perianal abscess and the effects of perianal abscess on the gut microbiota after surgery are unknown. In this study, significant changes in interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in the blood of healthy subjects, patients with perianal abscesses, and patients after perianal abscess surgery were identified. 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology was used to detect the changes in the gut microbiota among 30 healthy individuals and 30 patients with perianal abscess before and after surgery. Venn diagrams and alpha diversity analyses indicated differences in the abundance and uniformity of gut microbiota between the healthy individuals and patients with perianal abscesses before and after surgery. Beta diversity analysis indicated that the grouping effects among the control, abscess, and surgery groups were good. The classification and compositional analysis showed significant differences in the gut microbiota between healthy individuals and patients with perianal abscesses before and after surgery. LEfSe analysis, random forest analysis, and ROC curve analysis showed that Klebsiella (AUC = 0.7467) and Bilophila (AUC = 0.72) could be potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of perianal abscess. The functional prediction results showed that the differential microbiota is significantly enriched in the pathways related to nutrition and drug metabolism. This study may have important implications for the clinical management and prognostic assessment of patients with perianal abscesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hezhai Yin
- Department of Surgery, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Jiaxing, 314001 Zhejiang, China
| | - Bairu Luo
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Jiaxing University Master Degree Cultivation Base, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Jiaxing, 314001 Zhejiang, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Surgery, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Jiaxing, 314001 Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhonghua Hong
- Department of Surgery, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Jiaxing, 314001 Zhejiang, China
| | - Huilin Chen
- Department of Surgery, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Jiaxing, 314001 Zhejiang, China
| | - Lidong Shen
- Department of Surgery, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Jiaxing, 314001 Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Shen
- Department of Surgery, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Jiaxing, 314001 Zhejiang, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Surgery, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Jiaxing, 314001 Zhejiang, China
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Singh V, Lee G, Son H, Amani S, Baunthiyal M, Shin JH. Anti-diabetic prospects of dietary bio-actives of millets and the significance of the gut microbiota: A case of finger millet. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1056445. [PMID: 36618686 PMCID: PMC9815516 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1056445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Finger millet (Eleusine coracana) is a staple food in several parts of the world because of its high nutritional value. In addition to its high nutrient content, finger millet contains numerous bioactive compounds, including polyphenol (10.2 mg/g TAE), flavonoid (5.54 mg/g CE), phytic acid (0.48%), and dietary fiber (15-20%). Polyphenols are known for their anti-oxidant and anti-diabetic role. Phytic acid, previously considered an anti-nutritive substance, is now regarded as a nutraceutical as it reduces carbohydrate digestibility and thus controls post-prandial glucose levels and obesity. Thus, finger millet is an attractive diet for patients with diabetes. Recent findings have revealed that the anti-oxidant activity and bio-accessibility of finger millet polyphenols increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the colon, confirming the role of the gut microbiota. The prebiotic content of finger millet was also utilized by the gut microbiota, such as Faecalibacterium, Eubacterium, and Roseburia, to generate colonic short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and probiotic Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, which are known to be anti-diabetic in nature. Notably, finger millet-induced mucus-degrading Akkermansia muciniphila can also help in alleviate diabetes by releasing propionate and Amuc_1100 protein. Various millet bio-actives effectively controlled pathogenic gut microbiota, such as Shigella and Clostridium histolyticum, to lower gut inflammation and, thus, the risk of diabetes in the host. In the current review, we have meticulously examined the role of gut microbiota in the bio-accessibility of millet compounds and their impact on diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Singh
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - GyuDae Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - HyunWoo Son
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sliti Amani
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Mamta Baunthiyal
- Department of Biotechnology, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Engineering and Technology, Ghurdauri, India,*Correspondence: Mamta Baunthiyal,
| | - Jae-Ho Shin
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea,Jae-Ho Shin,
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Hou J, Xiang J, Li D, Liu X, Pan W. Gut microbial response to host metabolic phenotypes. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1019430. [PMID: 36419554 PMCID: PMC9676441 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1019430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A large number of studies have proved that biological metabolic phenotypes exist objectively and are gradually recognized by humans. Gut microbes affect the host's metabolic phenotype. They directly or indirectly participate in host metabolism, physiology and immunity through changes in population structure, metabolite differences, signal transduction and gene expression. Obtaining comprehensive information and specific identification factors associated with gut microbiota and host metabolic phenotypes has become the focus of research in the field of gut microbes, and it has become possible to find new and effective ways to prevent or treat host metabolic diseases. In the future, precise treatment of gut microbes will become one of the new therapeutic strategies. This article reviews the content of gut microbes and carbohydrate, amino acid, lipid and nucleic acid metabolic phenotypes, including metabolic intermediates, mechanisms of action, latest research findings and treatment strategies, which will help to understand the relationship between gut microbes and host metabolic phenotypes and the current research status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinliang Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianguo Xiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Deliang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinhua Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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Chu S, Zhang F, Wang H, Xie L, Chen Z, Zeng W, Zhou Z, Hu F. Aqueous Extract of Guava ( Psidium guajava L.) Leaf Ameliorates Hyperglycemia by Promoting Hepatic Glycogen Synthesis and Modulating Gut Microbiota. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:907702. [PMID: 35721172 PMCID: PMC9198539 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.907702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major global health concern. Psidium guajava L. (guava) is widely used for food as well as a folk medicine. Previous studies have shown its anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the underlying mechanisms remains to be elusive. In this study, we assessed the potential therapeutic effects of aqueous extract of guava leaves (GvAEx) on T2DM and explored their potential mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. GvAEx was gavage administered for 12 weeks in diabetic db/db mice. Our results have demonstrated that GvAEx significantly lowered fasting plasma glucose levels (p < 0.01) and improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, respectively). Additionally, GvAEx increased hepatic glycogen accumulation, glucose uptake and decreased the mRNA expression levels of gluconeogenic genes. Furthermore, GvAEx-treatment caused higher glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) expression in the membrane in hepatocytes. Notably, for the first time, we have elaborated the possible mechanism of the hypoglycemic effect of GvAEx from the perspective of intestinal microbiota. GvAEx has significantly changed the composition of microbiota and increased short chain fatty acid (SCFA) -producing Lachnospiraceae family and Akkermansia genus in the gut. Taken together, GvAEx could alleviate hyperglycemia and insulin resistance of T2DM by regulating glucose metabolism in the liver and restoring the gut microbiota. Thus, GvAEx has the potential for drug development against T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhou Chu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huiying Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lijun Xie
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhinan Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weimin Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiguang Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Hu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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