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Murray SJ, Almuqbel MM, Felton SA, Palmer NJ, Myall DJ, Shoorangiz R, Ella A, Keller M, Palmer DN, Melzer TR, Mitchell NL. Progressive MRI brain volume changes in ovine models of CLN5 and CLN6 neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcac339. [PMID: 36632184 PMCID: PMC9830986 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (Batten disease) are a group of inherited lysosomal storage disorders characterized by progressive neurodegeneration leading to motor and cognitive dysfunction, seizure activity and blindness. The disease can be caused by mutations in 1 of 13 ceroid lipofuscinosis neuronal (CLN) genes. Naturally occurring sheep models of the CLN5 and CLN6 neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses recapitulate the clinical disease progression and post-mortem pathology of the human disease. We used longitudinal MRI to assess global and regional brain volume changes in CLN5 and CLN6 affected sheep compared to age-matched controls over 18 months. In both models, grey matter volume progressively decreased over time, while cerebrospinal fluid volume increased in affected sheep compared with controls. Total grey matter volume showed a strong positive correlation with clinical scores, while cerebrospinal fluid volume was negatively correlated with clinical scores. Cortical regions in affected animals showed significant atrophy at baseline (5 months of age) and progressively declined over the disease course. Subcortical regions were relatively spared with the exception of the caudate nucleus in CLN5 affected animals that degenerated rapidly at end-stage disease. Our results, which indicate selective vulnerability and provide a timeline of degeneration of specific brain regions in two sheep models of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses, will provide a clinically relevant benchmark for assessing therapeutic efficacy in subsequent trials of gene therapy for CLN5 and CLN6 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Murray
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand
| | - Mustafa M Almuqbel
- Pacific Radiology Group, Christchurch 8014, New Zealand,New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Daniel J Myall
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - Reza Shoorangiz
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | | | - Matthieu Keller
- UMR Physiologie de la Reproduction & des Comportements, INRAE/CNRS/University of Tours, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - David N Palmer
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand
| | | | - Nadia L Mitchell
- Correspondence to: Nadia Mitchell Faculty of Agricultural and Life Sciences, PO Box 85084, Lincoln University Lincoln 7647, Canterbury, New Zealand E-mail:
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Refeat MM, Naggar WE, Saied MME, Kilany A. Whole exome screening of neurodevelopmental regression disorders in a cohort of Egyptian patients. Neurogenetics 2023; 24:17-28. [PMID: 36435927 PMCID: PMC9823068 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-022-00703-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Developmental regression describes a child who begins to lose his previously acquired milestones skills after he has reached a certain developmental stage and though affects his childhood development. It is associated with neurodegenerative diseases including leukodystrophy and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis diseases (NCLs), one of the most frequent childhood-onset neurodegenerative disorders. The current study focused on screening causative genes of developmental regression diseases comprising neurodegenerative disorders in Egyptian patients using next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based analyses as well as developing checklist to support clinicians who are not familiar with these diseases. A total of 763 Egyptian children (1 to 11 years), mainly diagnosed with developmental regression, seizures, or visual impairment, were studied using whole exome sequencing (WES). Among 763 Egyptian children, 726 cases were early clinically and molecularly diagnosed, including 482 cases that had pediatric stroke, congenital infection, and hepatic encephalopathy; meanwhile, 192 had clearly dysmorphic features, 31 showed central nervous system (CNS) malformation, 17 were diagnosed by leukodystrophy, 2 had ataxia telangiectasia, and 2 were diagnosed with tuberous sclerosis. The remained 37 out of 763 candidates were suspected with NCLs symptoms; however, 28 were confirmed to be NCLs patients, 1 was Kaya-Barakat-Masson syndrome, 1 was diagnosed as infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy, and 7 cases required further molecular diagnosis. This study provided an NGS-based approach of the genetic causes of developmental regression and neurodegenerative diseases as it comprised different variants and de novo mutations with complex phenotypes of these diseases which in turn help in early diagnoses and counseling for affected families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miral M. Refeat
- Department of Medical Molecular Genetics, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa El Naggar
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mostafa M. El Saied
- Department of Research On Children With Special Needs, Medical Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayman Kilany
- Department of Research On Children With Special Needs, Medical Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Wang Y, Cao X, Liu P, Zeng W, Peng R, Shi Q, Feng K, Zhang P, Sun H, Wang C, Wang H. KCTD7 mutations impair the trafficking of lysosomal enzymes through CLN5 accumulation to cause neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm5578. [PMID: 35921411 PMCID: PMC9348797 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm5578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomes are central organelles for cellular degradation and energy metabolism. Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are a group of the most common neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorders characterized by intracellular accumulation of ceroid in neurons. Mutations in KCTD7, a gene encoding an adaptor of the CUL3-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase (CRL3) complex, are categorized as a unique NCL subtype. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we report various lysosomal and autophagic defects in KCTD7-deficient cells. Mechanistically, the CRL3-KCTD7 complex degrades CLN5, whereas patient-derived KCTD7 mutations disrupt the interaction between KCTD7-CUL3 or KCTD7-CLN5 and ultimately lead to excessive accumulation of CLN5. The accumulated CLN5 disrupts the interaction between CLN6/8 and lysosomal enzymes at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), subsequently impairing ER-to-Golgi trafficking of lysosomal enzymes. Our findings reveal previously unrecognized roles of KCTD7-mediated CLN5 proteolysis in lysosomal homeostasis and demonstrate that KCTD7 and CLN5 are biochemically linked and function in a common neurodegenerative pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaotong Cao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijia Zeng
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Peng
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Shi
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Feng
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pingzhao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiru Sun
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenji Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Basak I, Wicky HE, McDonald KO, Xu JB, Palmer JE, Best HL, Lefrancois S, Lee SY, Schoderboeck L, Hughes SM. A lysosomal enigma CLN5 and its significance in understanding neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:4735-4763. [PMID: 33792748 PMCID: PMC8195759 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03813-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis (NCL), also known as Batten disease, is an incurable childhood brain disease. The thirteen forms of NCL are caused by mutations in thirteen CLN genes. Mutations in one CLN gene, CLN5, cause variant late-infantile NCL, with an age of onset between 4 and 7 years. The CLN5 protein is ubiquitously expressed in the majority of tissues studied and in the brain, CLN5 shows both neuronal and glial cell expression. Mutations in CLN5 are associated with the accumulation of autofluorescent storage material in lysosomes, the recycling units of the cell, in the brain and peripheral tissues. CLN5 resides in the lysosome and its function is still elusive. Initial studies suggested CLN5 was a transmembrane protein, which was later revealed to be processed into a soluble form. Multiple glycosylation sites have been reported, which may dictate its localisation and function. CLN5 interacts with several CLN proteins, and other lysosomal proteins, making it an important candidate to understand lysosomal biology. The existing knowledge on CLN5 biology stems from studies using several model organisms, including mice, sheep, cattle, dogs, social amoeba and cell cultures. Each model organism has its advantages and limitations, making it crucial to adopt a combinatorial approach, using both human cells and model organisms, to understand CLN5 pathologies and design drug therapies. In this comprehensive review, we have summarised and critiqued existing literature on CLN5 and have discussed the missing pieces of the puzzle that need to be addressed to develop an efficient therapy for CLN5 Batten disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Basak
- Neurodegenerative and Lysosomal Disease Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, 710 Cumberland Street, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
| | - H E Wicky
- Neurodegenerative and Lysosomal Disease Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, 710 Cumberland Street, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
| | - K O McDonald
- Neurodegenerative and Lysosomal Disease Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, 710 Cumberland Street, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
| | - J B Xu
- Neurodegenerative and Lysosomal Disease Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, 710 Cumberland Street, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
| | - J E Palmer
- Neurodegenerative and Lysosomal Disease Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, 710 Cumberland Street, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
| | - H L Best
- Neurodegenerative and Lysosomal Disease Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, 710 Cumberland Street, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Wales, CF10 3AX, United Kingdom
| | - S Lefrancois
- Centre INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, INRS, Laval, H7V 1B7, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 2B2, Canada
| | - S Y Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - L Schoderboeck
- Neurodegenerative and Lysosomal Disease Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, 710 Cumberland Street, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
| | - S M Hughes
- Neurodegenerative and Lysosomal Disease Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, 710 Cumberland Street, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand.
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