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Buthasane W, Shotelersuk V, Chetruengchai W, Srichomthong C, Assawapitaksakul A, Tangphatsornruang S, Pootakham W, Sonthirod C, Tongsima S, Wangkumhang P, Wilantho A, Thongphakdee A, Sanannu S, Poksawat C, Nipanunt T, Kasorndorkbua C, Koepfli KP, Pukazhenthi BS, Suriyaphol P, Wongsurawat T, Jenjaroenpun P, Suriyaphol G. Comprehensive genome assembly reveals genetic diversity and carcass consumption insights in critically endangered Asian king vultures. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9455. [PMID: 38658744 PMCID: PMC11043450 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59990-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The Asian king vulture (AKV), a vital forest scavenger, is facing globally critical endangerment. This study aimed to construct a reference genome to unveil the mechanisms underlying its scavenger abilities and to assess the genetic relatedness of the captive population in Thailand. A reference genome of a female AKV was assembled from sequencing reads obtained from both PacBio long-read and MGI short-read sequencing platforms. Comparative genomics with New World vultures (NWVs) and other birds in the Family Accipitridae revealed unique gene families in AKV associated with retroviral genome integration and feather keratin, contrasting with NWVs' genes related to olfactory reception. Expanded gene families in AKV were linked to inflammatory response, iron regulation and spermatogenesis. Positively selected genes included those associated with anti-apoptosis, immune response and muscle cell development, shedding light on adaptations for carcass consumption and high-altitude soaring. Using restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RADseq)-based genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), genetic relatedness and inbreeding status of five captive AKVs were determined, revealing high genomic inbreeding in two females. In conclusion, the AKV reference genome was established, providing insights into its unique characteristics. Additionally, the potential of RADseq-based genome-wide SNPs for selecting AKV breeders was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wannapol Buthasane
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Vorasuk Shotelersuk
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Henri Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Wanna Chetruengchai
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Henri Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Chalurmpon Srichomthong
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Henri Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Adjima Assawapitaksakul
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Henri Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Sithichoke Tangphatsornruang
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Wirulda Pootakham
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Chutima Sonthirod
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Sissades Tongsima
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Pongsakorn Wangkumhang
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Alisa Wilantho
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Ampika Thongphakdee
- Animal Conservation and Research Institute, The Zoological Park Organization of Thailand under the Royal Patronage of H.M. The King, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
| | - Saowaphang Sanannu
- Animal Conservation and Research Institute, The Zoological Park Organization of Thailand under the Royal Patronage of H.M. The King, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
| | - Chaianan Poksawat
- Animal Conservation and Research Institute, The Zoological Park Organization of Thailand under the Royal Patronage of H.M. The King, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
| | - Tarasak Nipanunt
- Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Breeding Center, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Uthai Thani, 61160, Thailand
| | - Chaiyan Kasorndorkbua
- Laboratory of Raptor Research and Conservation Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Klaus-Peter Koepfli
- Smithsonian-Mason School of Conservation, George Mason University, Front Royal, VA, 22630, USA
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Front Royal, VA, 22630, USA
| | - Budhan S Pukazhenthi
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Front Royal, VA, 22630, USA
| | - Prapat Suriyaphol
- Division of Medical Bioinformatics, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Thidathip Wongsurawat
- Division of Medical Bioinformatics, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Piroon Jenjaroenpun
- Division of Medical Bioinformatics, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Gunnaporn Suriyaphol
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Prem P, Muneshwar KN, Agrawal S, Jaiswal A. The Impact of Increased Homozygosity on Human Fertility: A Comprehensive Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e49000. [PMID: 38111431 PMCID: PMC10726075 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted relationship between increased homozygosity and human fertility, delving into the genetic, ethical, cultural, and public health dimensions of this complex phenomenon. Homozygosity, characterized by identical alleles at specific gene loci, can result from consanguineous marriages, genetic drift, and population isolation. The review highlights key findings, including the heightened risk of recessive genetic disorders, the implications for immune system diversity, and the influence on complex traits and diseases. It underscores the critical role of genetic counseling in addressing these consequences, considering the ethical implications, and respecting cultural practices. The delicate balance between genetic diversity and cultural norms is emphasized, calling for increased awareness and community engagement. Looking ahead, the review suggests emerging technologies, longitudinal studies, and interdisciplinary research as crucial avenues for further exploration, with the ultimate goal of informing effective public health policies and interventions that safeguard genetic diversity and cultural traditions for future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranjal Prem
- Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Komal N Muneshwar
- Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Suyash Agrawal
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Arpita Jaiswal
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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