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Vraila M, Asp E, Melo FR, Grujic M, Rollman O, Pejler G, Lampinen M. Monensin induces secretory granule-mediated cell death in eosinophils. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:1312-1320.e3. [PMID: 37536509 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eosinophils contribute to the pathology of several types of disorders, in particular of allergic nature, and strategies to limit their actions are therefore warranted. OBJECTIVE We sought to evaluate the possibility of targeting the acidic, lysosome-like eosinophil granules as a potential means of inducing eosinophil cell death. METHODS To this end, we used monensin, an ionophoric drug that has previously been shown to permeabilize the secretory granules of mast cells, thereby inducing cell death. RESULTS Our findings reveal that monensin induces cell death in human eosinophils, whereas neutrophils were less affected. Blockade of granule acidification reduced the effect of monensin on the eosinophils, demonstrating that granule acidity is an important factor in the mechanism of cell death. Furthermore, monensin caused an elevation of the granule pH, which was accompanied by a decrease of the cytosolic pH, hence indicating that monensin caused leakage of acidic contents from the granules into the cytosol. In agreement with a granule-targeting mechanism, transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed that monensin caused extensive morphological alterations of the eosinophil granules, as manifested by a marked loss of electron density. Eosinophil cell death in response to monensin was caspase-independent, but dependent on granzyme B, a pro-apoptotic serine protease known to be expressed by eosinophils. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that monensin causes cell death of human eosinophils through a granule-mediated mechanism dependent on granzyme B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianthi Vraila
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elin Asp
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fabio Rabelo Melo
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mirjana Grujic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ola Rollman
- Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatology and Venereology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Pejler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Lampinen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatology and Venereology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Wang Q, Yang H, Liu Y, Zhou Z, Zhang X, Sang M, Xu F, Song L, Xia T, Zhang Y, Wei J, Zhang X, Ding Q. Awakening Allies for Breaking Microenvironment Barriers: NIR-II Guided Orthogonal Activation of Tumor-Infiltrating Mast Cells for Efficient Nano-Drug Delivery. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300420. [PMID: 37141500 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs), powerful immune cells that heavily infiltrate cancer cells, play a crucial role in tumor formation. Activated MCs can release histamine and a family of proteases through degranulation effects, concurrently achieving endothelial junction weakening and stromal degradation of the tumor microenvironment, thereby clearing the obstacles for nano-drug infiltration. To achieve precise activation of tumor-infiltrating MCs, orthogonally excited rare earth nanoparticles (ORENP), with two channels, are introduced for the controllable stimulating drugs release wrapped in "photocut tape". The ORENP can emit near-infrared II (NIR-II) for image tracing for tumor localization in Channel 1 (808/NIR-II) and allows energy upconversion to emit ultraviolet (UV) light for releasing drugs for MCs stimulation in Channel 2 (980/UV). Finally, the combined use of chemical and cellular tools enables clinical nano-drugs to achieve a significant increase in tumor infiltration, thereby enhancing the efficacy of nano-chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhaoxi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Mingyi Sang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Lebin Song
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Tiansong Xia
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jifu Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211103, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
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Lampinen M, Hagforsen E, Weström S, Bergström A, Levedahl K, Paivandy A, Lara‐Valencia P, Pejler G, Rollman O. Mefloquine causes selective mast cell apoptosis in cutaneous mastocytosis lesions by a secretory granule-mediated pathway. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:1729-1740. [PMID: 35876458 PMCID: PMC9804232 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mastocytosis is a KIT-related myeloproliferative disease characterised by abnormal expansion of neoplastic mast cells (MC) in the skin or virtually any other organ system. The cutaneous form of adult-onset mastocytosis is almost invariably combined with indolent systemic involvement for which curative therapy is yet not available. Here we evaluated a concept of depleting cutaneous MCs in mastocytosis lesions ex vivo by targeting their secretory granules. Skin biopsies from mastocytosis patients were incubated with or without mefloquine, an antimalarial drug known to penetrate into acidic organelles such as MC secretory granules. Mefloquine reduced the number of dermal MCs without affecting keratinocyte proliferation or epidermal gross morphology at drug concentrations up to 40 μM. Flow cytometric analysis of purified dermal MCs showed that mefloquine-induced cell death was mainly due to apoptosis and accompanied by caspase-3 activation. However, caspase inhibition provided only partial protection against mefloquine-induced cell death, indicating predominantly caspase-independent apoptosis. Further assessments revealed that mefloquine caused an elevation of granule pH and a corresponding decrease in cytosolic pH, suggesting drug-induced granule permeabilisation. Extensive damage to the MC secretory granules was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy analysis. Further, blockade of granule acidification or serine protease activity prior to mefloquine treatment protected MCs from apoptosis, indicating that granule acidity and granule-localised serine proteases play major roles in the execution of mefloquine-induced cell death. Altogether, these findings reveal that mefloquine induces selective apoptosis of MCs by targeting their secretory granules and suggest that the drug may potentially extend its range of medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lampinen
- Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatology and VenereologyUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden,Department of Medical Biochemistry and MicrobiologyUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Eva Hagforsen
- Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatology and VenereologyUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Simone Weström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatology and VenereologyUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden,Present address:
Department of Immunology, Genetics and PathologyUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Anna Bergström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatology and VenereologyUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden,Department of DermatologyUppsala University HospitalUppsalaSweden
| | | | - Aida Paivandy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and MicrobiologyUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Paola Lara‐Valencia
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and PathologyUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Gunnar Pejler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and MicrobiologyUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Ola Rollman
- Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatology and VenereologyUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
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Paivandy A, Pejler G. Novel Strategies to Target Mast Cells in Disease. J Innate Immun 2021; 13:131-147. [PMID: 33582673 DOI: 10.1159/000513582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are versatile effector cells of the immune system, characterized by a large content of secretory granules containing a variety of inflammatory mediators. They are implicated in the host protection toward various external insults, but are mostly well known for their detrimental impact on a variety of pathological conditions, including allergic disorders such as asthma and a range of additional disease settings. Based on this, there is currently a large demand for therapeutic regimens that can dampen the detrimental impact of MCs in these respective pathological conditions. This can be accomplished by several strategies, including targeting of individual mediators released by MCs, blockade of receptors for MC-released compounds, inhibition of MC activation, limiting mast cell growth or by inducing mast cell apoptosis. Here, we review the currently available and emerging regimens to interfere with harmful mast cell activities in asthma and other pathological settings and discuss the advantages and limitations of such strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Paivandy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden,
| | - Gunnar Pejler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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Elieh Ali Komi D, Bjermer L. Mast Cell-Mediated Orchestration of the Immune Responses in Human Allergic Asthma: Current Insights. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2019; 56:234-247. [PMID: 30506113 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-018-8720-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Improving the lung function after experimental allergen challenge by blocking of mast cell (MC) mediators and the capability of MC mediators (including histamine, prostaglandin (PG) D2, and leukotriene (LT) C4) in induction of mucosal edema, bronchoconstriction, and mucus secretion provide evidence that MCs play a key role in pathophysiology of asthma. In asthma, the number of MCs increases in the airways and infiltration of MCs in a variety of anatomical sites including the epithelium, the submucosal glands, and the smooth muscle bundles occurs. MC localization within the ASM is accompanied with the hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the layer, and smooth muscle dysfunction that is mainly observed in forms of bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and variable airflow obstruction. Owing to the expression of a wide range of surface receptors and releasing various cytoplasmic mediators, MCs orchestrate the pathologic events of the disease. MC-released preformed mediators including chymase, tryptase, and histamine and de novo synthesized mediators such as PGD2, LTC4, and LTE4 in addition of cytokines mainly TGFβ1, TSLP, IL-33, IL-4, and IL-13 participate in pathogenesis of asthma. The release of MC mediators and MC/airway cell interactions during remodeling phase of asthma results in persistent cellular and structural changes in the airway wall mainly epithelial cell shedding, goblet cell hyperplasia, hypertrophy of ASM bundles, fibrosis in subepithelial region, abnormal deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), increased tissue vascularity, and basement membrane thickening. We will review the current knowledge regarding the participation of MCs in each stage of asthma pathophysiology including the releasing mediators and their mechanism of action, expression of receptors by which they respond to stimuli, and finally the pharmaceutical products designed based on the strategy of blocking MC activation and mediator release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Elieh Ali Komi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leif Bjermer
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Inst for Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
- Lung and Allergy Research, Skane University Hospital, Lasarettsgatan 7, 22185, Lund, Sweden.
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Lysosomotropic challenge of mast cells causes intra-granular reactive oxygen species production. Cell Death Discov 2019; 5:95. [PMID: 31123601 PMCID: PMC6520368 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-019-0177-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells contribute to the pathology of allergic and other disorders. Strategies to interfere with harmful mast cell-related activities are therefore warranted. Previously we established a principle for inducing selective apoptosis of mast cells, by the use of lysosomotropic agents that cause secretory granule permeabilization, leading to production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the mechanism of ROS production has not been known. Here we addressed this issue. Live microscopy analysis showed that the secretory granules comprise major subcellular compartments for ROS production in response to mefloquine. As further signs for the primary involvement of secretory granules, both ROS production and cell death was blunted in mast cells lacking serglycin, a secretory granule-restricted proteoglycan. Inhibition of granule acidification caused an essentially complete blockade of granule permeabilization, ROS production and cell death in response to mefloquine. ROS production was also attenuated in the presence of an iron chelator, and after inhibition of either granzyme B or the ERK1/2 MAP kinase signaling pathway. Together, our findings reveal that the mast cell secretory granules constitute major sites for ROS production in mast cells subjected to lysosomotropic challenge. Moreover, this study reveals a central role for granule acidification in ROS generation and the pro-apoptotic response triggered downstream of secretory granule permeabilization.
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