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Brett BE, Vacaru S, Beijers R, de Weerth C. Infant colic and HPA axis development across childhood. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 164:106965. [PMID: 38493596 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.106965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
This study examines the long-term impact of infant colic on Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis development and the moderating role of attachment security, in a low-risk Dutch sample of 193 children. We assessed infant colic at 6 weeks, circadian cortisol concentrations at ages 1, 2.5, 6, and 10 years, and attachment security at 1 year. Findings indicated that infant colic was associated with steeper diurnal cortisol slopes and slightly higher cortisol concentrations throughout childhood. Attachment security did not moderate these associations. This is the first study to reveal a link between infant colic and the development of the HPA axis in healthy children beyond infancy. These findings have important implications for understanding early risk and protective factors in the stress system's development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie E Brett
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Stefania Vacaru
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Roseriet Beijers
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Developmental Psychology, Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Montessorilaan 3, Nijmegen 6525HR, the Netherlands
| | - Carolina de Weerth
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Endika MF, Barnett DJM, Klostermann CE, Schols HA, Arts ICW, Penders J, Nauta A, Smidt H, Venema K. Microbiota-dependent influence of prebiotics on the resilience of infant gut microbiota to amoxicillin/clavulanate perturbation in an in vitro colon model. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1131953. [PMID: 37275167 PMCID: PMC10232780 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1131953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic exposure disturbs the developing infant gut microbiota. The capacity of the gut microbiota to recover from this disturbance (resilience) depends on the type of antibiotic. In this study, infant gut microbiota was exposed to a combination of amoxicillin and clavulanate (amoxicillin/clavulanate) in an in vitro colon model (TIM-2) with fecal-derived microbiota from 1-month-old (1-M; a mixed-taxa community type) as well as 3-month-old (3-M; Bifidobacterium dominated community type) breastfed infants. We investigated the effect of two common infant prebiotics, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) or galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), on the resilience of infant gut microbiota to amoxicillin/clavulanate-induced changes in microbiota composition and activity. Amoxicillin/clavulanate treatment decreased alpha diversity and induced a temporary shift of microbiota to a community dominated by enterobacteria. Moreover, antibiotic treatment increased succinate and lactate in both 1- and 3-M colon models, while decreasing the production of short-chain (SCFA) and branched-chain fatty acids (BFCA). The prebiotic effect on the microbiota recovery depended on the fermenting capacity of antibiotic-exposed microbiota. In the 1-M colon model, the supplementation of 2'-FL supported the recovery of microbiota and restored the production of propionate and butyrate. In the 3-M colon model, GOS supplementation supported the recovery of microbiota and increased the production of acetate and butyrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha F. Endika
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - David J. M. Barnett
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Cynthia E. Klostermann
- Biobased Chemistry and Technology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Henk A. Schols
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Ilja C. W. Arts
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - John Penders
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Hauke Smidt
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Koen Venema
- Centre for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation (HEFI), Maastricht University—Campus Venlo, Venlo, Netherlands
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3
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Effects of Perinatal Antibiotic Exposure and Neonatal Gut Microbiota. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020258. [PMID: 36830169 PMCID: PMC9951864 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic therapy is one of the most important strategies to treat bacterial infections. The overuse of antibiotics, especially in the perinatal period, is associated with long-lasting negative consequences such as the spread of antibiotic resistance and alterations in the composition and function of the gut microbiota, both of which negatively affect human health. In this review, we summarize recent evidence about the influence of antibiotic treatment on the neonatal gut microbiota and the subsequent negative effects on the health of the infant. We also analyze the possible microbiome-based approaches for the re-establishment of healthy microbiota in neonates.
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The association between exposure to antibiotics in the first week of life and later otitis media: The INCA study. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 164:111415. [PMID: 36521193 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2022.111415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Otitis media (OM) is one of the most common diagnoses in preschool-age children. Its pathophysiology is poorly understood, but is associated with changes in the nasopharyngeal microbiome, immune system, and presence of allergies. These, in turn, can be affected by early-life antibiotic exposure. Therefore, this study aimed to determine if antibiotic treatment in the first week of life in children born at term was associated with acute otitis media (AOM) and otitis media with effusion (OME) in the first 4-6 years of life. METHODS A prospective birth cohort of 436 term-born infants was followed up at 4-6 years of age. Parents reported (recurrent) AOM and OME through online questionnaires, sent to parents of 418 eligible children. Doctors' diagnoses of AOM and OME were collected after additional informed consent. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to study the association between antibiotic exposure and AOM and OME. RESULTS Of the 436 infants, 151 infants received antibiotics in the first week of life. In total, 341 (82%) questionnaires were collected. The parental-reported prevalence was 45% (155/341) for AOM. Of these 155 children, 33 children also had OME (10% of the total cohort). Doctor's diagnoses were obtained from 308 (74%) children, of which 30% (91/308) had AOM. Of these 91 children, 12 children also had OME and 8 children had OME without a diagnosis of AOM (6% of the total obtained diagnoses). Antibiotic treatment in the first week of life was not significantly associated with parent-reported nor doctor-diagnosed (recurrent) AOM and OME in the first 4-6 years of life in the regression models. CONCLUSION Antibiotic treatment in the first week of life was not associated with AOM and OME in the first 4-6 years of life in this prospective cohort of Dutch infants. More insight into the pathophysiology of OM is warranted to determine whether antibiotic-induced microbiome changes play a role in the susceptibility to OM.
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Kamphorst K, Rincon AL, Vlieger AM, Garssen J, van ’t Riet E, van Elburg RM. Predictive factors for allergy at 4-6 years of age based on machine learning: a pilot study. PHARMANUTRITION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2022.100326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Antibiotics may contribute to the development of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). This study aimed to determine whether antibiotics during the first week of life, infantile colic in the first year of life, gut-associated immune markers at 1 year of age, and allergies at 4-6 years of age in term-born children were associated with a higher prevalence of FGIDs at 4-6 years of age. METHODS A prospective observational cohort of 436 term-born infants was followed up at the age of 4-6 years; 151 received broad-spectrum antibiotics (AB+), and 285 healthy controls (AB-). Validated Questionnaire On Pediatric Gastrointestinal Symptoms-Rome III and International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Childhood questionnaires were sent to parents of 418 available children. The independent t-test, chi-squared test or non-parametric test and logistic multivariate regression analyses were used. RESULTS In total, 340 of 418 (81%) questionnaires were completed. Only the presence of functional abdominal pain was significantly higher in AB+ than AB- (4% vs 0.4%, respectively, P = 0.045). Children with food allergy fulfilled significantly more often the criteria for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and abdominal migraine (26% vs 9%, P = 0.002 and 7% vs 1%, P = 0.043, respectively) compared to non-allergic children. No differences in FGIDs existed at the age of 4-6 years between children with and without a history of infantile colic. There were significant differences in gut-associated immune markers between children with and without FGIDs. CONCLUSION Antibiotics during the first week of life resulted in a higher risk for functional abdominal pain at 4-6 years. Furthermore, food allergy was associated with IBS and abdominal migraine at 4-6years.
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Reyman M, van Houten MA, Watson RL, Chu MLJN, Arp K, de Waal WJ, Schiering I, Plötz FB, Willems RJL, van Schaik W, Sanders EAM, Bogaert D. Effects of early-life antibiotics on the developing infant gut microbiome and resistome: a randomized trial. Nat Commun 2022; 13:893. [PMID: 35173154 PMCID: PMC8850541 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28525-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Broad-spectrum antibiotics for suspected early-onset neonatal sepsis (sEONS) may have pronounced effects on gut microbiome development and selection of antimicrobial resistance when administered in the first week of life, during the assembly phase of the neonatal microbiome. Here, 147 infants born at ≥36 weeks of gestational age, requiring broad-spectrum antibiotics for treatment of sEONS in their first week of life were randomized 1:1:1 to receive three commonly prescribed intravenous antibiotic combinations, namely penicillin + gentamicin, co-amoxiclav + gentamicin or amoxicillin + cefotaxime (ZEBRA study, Trial Register NL4882). Average antibiotic treatment duration was 48 hours. A subset of 80 non-antibiotic treated infants from a healthy birth cohort served as controls (MUIS study, Trial Register NL3821). Rectal swabs and/or faeces were collected before and immediately after treatment, and at 1, 4 and 12 months of life. Microbiota were characterized by 16S rRNA-based sequencing and a panel of 31 antimicrobial resistance genes was tested using targeted qPCR. Confirmatory shotgun metagenomic sequencing was executed on a subset of samples. The overall gut microbial community composition and antimicrobial resistance gene profile majorly shift directly following treatment (R2 = 9.5%, adjusted p-value = 0.001 and R2 = 7.5%, adjusted p-value = 0.001, respectively) and normalize over 12 months (R2 = 1.1%, adjusted p-value = 0.03 and R2 = 0.6%, adjusted p-value = 0.23, respectively). We find a decreased abundance of Bifidobacterium spp. and increased abundance of Klebsiella and Enterococcus spp. in the antibiotic treated infants compared to controls. Amoxicillin + cefotaxime shows the largest effects on both microbial community composition and antimicrobial resistance gene profile, whereas penicillin + gentamicin exhibits the least effects. These data suggest that the choice of empirical antibiotics is relevant for adverse ecological side-effects. Here, in a randomized trial of 147 infants receiving distinct antibiotic regimens for early-onset neonatal sepsis, Reyman et al. characterize the gut microbiome and resistance profiles, finding differential effects of antibiotic combinations on microbial community composition and antimicrobial resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Reyman
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Hoofddorp and Haarlem, the Netherlands
| | - Marlies A van Houten
- Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Hoofddorp and Haarlem, the Netherlands
| | - Rebecca L Watson
- Medical Research Council and University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mei Ling J N Chu
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Kayleigh Arp
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter J de Waal
- Department of Pediatrics, Diakonessenhuis, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Irene Schiering
- Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Hoofddorp and Haarlem, the Netherlands
| | - Frans B Plötz
- Department of Pediatrics, Tergooiziekenhuis, Blaricum, the Netherlands
| | - Rob J L Willems
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Willem van Schaik
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Elisabeth A M Sanders
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Debby Bogaert
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. .,Medical Research Council and University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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Hu J, Che C, Zuo J, Niu X, Wang Z, Lian L, Jia Y, Zhang H, Zhang T, Yu F, Nawaz S, Han X. Effect of Antibiotics on the Colonization of Live Attenuated Salmonella Enteritidis Vaccine in Chickens. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:784160. [PMID: 34926647 PMCID: PMC8671454 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.784160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonellosis, caused by Salmonella Enteritidis, is a prevalent zoonosis that has serious consequences for human health and the development of the poultry sector. The Salmonella Enteritis live vaccine (Sm24/Rif12/Ssq strain) is used to prevent Salmonella Enteritidis around the world. However, in some parts of the world, poultry flocks are frequently raised under intensive conditions, with significant amounts of antimicrobials to prevent and treat disease and to promote growth. To investigate whether antibiotic use influences the colonization of orally administered Salmonella live vaccines, 240 1-day-old specific pathogen-free chicks were randomly divided into 24 groups of 10 animals for this study. The different groups were treated with different antibiotics, which included ceftiofur, amoxicillin, enrofloxacin, and lincomycin–spectinomycin. Each group was immunized 2, 3, 4, and 5 days after withdrawal, respectively. At 5 days after immunization, the blood, liver, and ceca with contents were collected for the isolation of the Salmonella live vaccine strain. The result showed that no Salmonella vaccine strain was isolated in the blood and liver of the chicks in those groups. The highest number of Salmonella vaccine strains was isolated in the cecum from chicks vaccinated 2 days after ceftiofur withdrawal, and no Salmonella vaccine strain was isolated from the cecum in chicks immunized 3 days after ceftiofur withdrawal. Among the chickens immunized 4 days after the withdrawal of amoxicillin, enrofloxacin, and lincomycin–spectinomycin, the number of Salmonella vaccine colonization in the cecum was the highest, which was higher than that of the chickens immunized at other withdrawal interval (2, 3, and 5 days) groups and was higher than that of the chickens without treatment (P < 0.05). This study provides a reference for the effective use of the Salmonella Enteritidis live vaccine and key antibiotics commonly utilized in the poultry industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangang Hu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanyan Che
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Jiakun Zuo
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangpeng Niu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Liyan Lian
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanzheng Jia
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangheng Yu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Saqib Nawaz
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangan Han
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Application of Kaiser Sepsis Calculator in culture-positive infants with early onset sepsis. World J Pediatr 2021; 17:429-433. [PMID: 34297339 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-021-00446-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kaiser Sepsis Calculator (KSC) reduces antibiotic use, testing and intravenous infiltrates but there are concerns about the missed early onset sepsis (EOS) cases. We sought to apply the KSC score for culture-positive infants retrospectively in infants born in the last 10 years in our hospital. METHODS In a retrospective cohort study, the comparison groups were divided into Group A (no antibiotics recommended by KSC) and Group B (antibiotics recommended). RESULTS Overall, 17/24 (71%) infants would have been started on antibiotics per KSC but 7/24 (29%) would not. The initial EOS risk was not significantly different between the groups (Group A vs. Group B: 0.44 vs. 0.76, P = 0.41), but the final risk score was (0.33 vs. 9.41, P < 0.001). In Group A (no antibiotics), 3/7 infants became symptomatic between 9 and 42 hours. CONCLUSION There may be a potential delay in starting antibiotics in infants that are asymptomatic at birth while using KSC.
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10
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Garcia TM, van Roest M, Vermeulen JLM, Meisner S, Smit WL, Silva J, Koelink PJ, Koster J, Faller WJ, Wildenberg ME, van Elburg RM, Muncan V, Renes IB. Early Life Antibiotics Influence In Vivo and In Vitro Mouse Intestinal Epithelium Maturation and Functioning. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 12:943-981. [PMID: 34102314 PMCID: PMC8346670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The use of antibiotics (ABs) is a common practice during the first months of life. ABs can perturb the intestinal microbiota, indirectly influencing the intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), but can also directly affect IECs independent of the microbiota. Previous studies have focused mostly on the impact of AB treatment during adulthood. However, the difference between the adult and neonatal intestine warrants careful investigation of AB effects in early life. METHODS Neonatal mice were treated with a combination of amoxicillin, vancomycin, and metronidazole from postnatal day 10 to 20. Intestinal permeability and whole-intestine gene and protein expression were analyzed. IECs were sorted by a fluorescence-activated cell sorter and their genome-wide gene expression was analyzed. Mouse fetal intestinal organoids were treated with the same AB combination and their gene and protein expression and metabolic capacity were determined. RESULTS We found that in vivo treatment of neonatal mice led to decreased intestinal permeability and a reduced number of specialized vacuolated cells, characteristic of the neonatal period and necessary for absorption of milk macromolecules. In addition, the expression of genes typically present in the neonatal intestinal epithelium was lower, whereas the adult gene expression signature was higher. Moreover, we found altered epithelial defense and transepithelial-sensing capacity. In vitro treatment of intestinal fetal organoids with AB showed that part of the consequences observed in vivo is a result of the direct action of the ABs on IECs. Lastly, ABs reduced the metabolic capacity of intestinal fetal organoids. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that early life AB treatment induces direct and indirect effects on IECs, influencing their maturation and functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Martins Garcia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tytgat Institute for Intestinal and Liver Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Manon van Roest
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tytgat Institute for Intestinal and Liver Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline L M Vermeulen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tytgat Institute for Intestinal and Liver Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sander Meisner
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tytgat Institute for Intestinal and Liver Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter L Smit
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tytgat Institute for Intestinal and Liver Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Joana Silva
- Department of Oncogenomics, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pim J Koelink
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tytgat Institute for Intestinal and Liver Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Koster
- Department of Oncogenomics, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - William J Faller
- Department of Oncogenomics, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Manon E Wildenberg
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tytgat Institute for Intestinal and Liver Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ruurd M van Elburg
- Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vanesa Muncan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tytgat Institute for Intestinal and Liver Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Ingrid B Renes
- Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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11
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Bogdan RD, Rusu L, Toma AI, Nastase L. Significant Clinical Associations Between Exposure Type Factors and Recurrent Wheezing and Asthma in Children. J Med Life 2021; 13:600-611. [PMID: 33456612 PMCID: PMC7803326 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2020-0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to identify certain factors related to family history, pathological conditions, or exposure-type that are significantly correlated with recurrent wheezing and/or asthma in children. One hundred nine children with recurrent wheezing and 44 children with asthma were studied in order to identify the degree of correlation of these conditions with familial history of asthma or atopy, child’s age group, gender, premature birth, perinatal asphyxia, neonatal infection, and antibiotic treatment during the neonatal period, history of atopy and obesity and histamine intolerance, nasopharyngeal bacterial colonization, pneumonia with bronchospasm. The clinical picture of these two diseases was also compared regarding the severity of exacerbations and their response to controller therapy. The medium age of children diagnosed with recurrent wheezing was significantly lower than those diagnosed with asthma (5.64 vs. 9.01 years; p<0.001). Inside the recurrent wheezing group, age distribution differed significantly from the asthma group (p-value <0.001). Atopy was the only pathological condition significantly associated with asthma (56.0%) when compared with the recurrent wheezing group (30.2%) with a relative risk value of 1.34 (p<0.004). For patients colonized with Staphylococcus aureus, the medium number of wheezing exacerbations was significantly higher (p<0.049). Approximately 91% of patients in the recurrent wheezing group and 71% from the asthma group responded to appropriate controller treatment. Our study showed a significant association between asthma and atopy, justifying the need to monitor asthma risk in a child with wheezing and atopy. Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus proved to be significantly associated with the recurrence of wheezing in children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lidia Rusu
- Regional Center of Public Health, Iasi, Romania
| | - Adrian Ioan Toma
- Department of Neonatology, Life Memorial Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Medico-Surgical and Prophylactic Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, "Titu Maiorescu" University, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Leonard Nastase
- Department of Neonatology, "Alessandrescu-Rusescu" National Institute of Mother and Child Health, Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology and Neonatology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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12
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Pirr S, Viemann D. Host Factors of Favorable Intestinal Microbial Colonization. Front Immunol 2020; 11:584288. [PMID: 33117398 PMCID: PMC7576995 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.584288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbial colonization starts with birth and initiates a complex process between the host and the microbiota. Successful co-development of both establishes a symbiotic mutual relationship and functional homeostasis, while alterations thereof predispose the individual life-long to inflammatory and metabolic diseases. Multiple data have been provided how colonizing microbes induce a reprogramming and maturation of immunity by providing crucial instructing information to the newborn immune system. Less is known about what host factors have influence on the interplay between intestinal immunity and the composition of the gut microbial ecology. Here we review existing evidence regarding host factors that contribute to a favorable development of the gut microbiome and thereby successful maturation of gut mucosal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Pirr
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany.,PRIMAL Consortium, Hanover, Germany
| | - Dorothee Viemann
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany.,PRIMAL Consortium, Hanover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
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13
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Shekhar S, Petersen FC. The Dark Side of Antibiotics: Adverse Effects on the Infant Immune Defense Against Infection. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:544460. [PMID: 33178650 PMCID: PMC7593395 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.544460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although antibiotics confer significant health benefits in treating or preventing bacterial infections, an accumulating wealth of evidence illustrates their detrimental effect on host-microbiota homeostasis, posing a serious menace to the global public health. In recent years, it is becoming evident that infants, who are subjected to frequent antibiotic exposures due to their vulnerability to infection, reflect increased susceptibility to a wide spectrum of diseases, including infection, in later life. Antibiotics induce perturbations of the microbiota or dysbiosis, which in turn alters the host immune responses against pathogens. In comparison with adults, antibiotic treatments in infants have disproportionate consequences because the infant microbiota represents an evolving system that is unstable and immature until 2-3 years of age. However, relatively less knowledge is available on how antibiotics affect the infant microbiota and immunity. In this review article, we focus on how antibiotic treatment regimens influence the infant innate and adaptive immunity to pathogens in humans and animal models, and make the host susceptible to infections in later life. There is a critical need to better understand the effect of antibiotics on infant immune function, which may have implications for developing effective prophylactics and therapeutics against diseases in infants and adults.
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